Clovis - Mfumu ya Afulanki: yonena, mu ulamuliro wa. mafumu Merovingian

Clovis, Mfumu ya Afulanki, anali wolemera, zokongola mbiri mafuko. Iye anali olemekezeka kwambiri m'mbiri Merovingian mafumu - woyamba wa mafumu omwe analamulira boma, tsopano France yozungulira ndi Belgium. Clovis dzina lotanthauza "nkhondo mokweza", ndipo anapitiriza mutated - Louis adamkondera ana nakhala dzina wotchuka mu Germany ndi Romance Europe.

Mizu mbiri ya Merovingian mzera

Wachifulanki Merovingian mafumu ali mizu: m'ma 5, makolo awo anali pa nthaka German, koma kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma, iwo walunjika molunjika ku Gau, ndipo yothetsa uko, monga anakhazikitsa boma latsopano. Olemba mbiri ena amanena kuti boma ankatchedwa "Austrasia", ndi cholinga m'dera la Lorraine ano.

Nthawi chimango wa Board Merovingian: 5-13 atumwi. Golden Mafumu Age kwa nthawi mbiri ya Mfumu Arthur, ndi chifukwa cha mbiri kwenikweni ndi zogwirizana ndi Merovingian Norse nthano, amene ali kovuta kusanthula mbiri.

Direct anayambitsa mzera wa - mers, agogo Clovis, amene anabweretsa kudziko la malamulo a Board, mafashoni kwa maphunziro ndiponso kulemba Gau Roma. ana ake onse sanali mafumu ovekedwa korona. Komabe, ulemu ndi anthu, zimene anamangidwira mu mtundu wa kulambira mwambo. Pamene Merab unakhazikitsidwa positi "meya wa nyumba yachifumu" - malo ofanana malo Chancellor. Kuyambira pamenepo, mafumu onse, lachifumu Merovingian anachita ntchito yawo monga milandu utsogoleri ankatembenukira pa mapewa a meya a nyumba yachifumu.

regalia wopatulika ndi zizindikiro za mphamvu

Chosiyana chizindikiro cha Merovingian wopondereza - yaitali tsitsi amene anali wofanana ndi renunciation mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, Clotilde, mkazi wa Clovis, kukhala mu mkhalidwe wa kusankha: kulekanitsa ndi tsitsi kapena imfa adzukulu ukapolo, anavomera kuti Yachiwiri, popanda nsembe mphamvu yake. tsitsi lalitali unakambidwanso mogwirizana ndi luso paranormal Merovingian, kuphatikizapo mphatso ya machiritso. Monga nthano ya m'Baibulo yonena za Samisoni ndi Delila wonyenga, kudula tsitsi lawo kunatanthauza mphamvu.

chizindikiro chopatulika cha mafumu ndi - lagolide njuchi, wokometsedwa ndi garnets. Njuchi - wopatulika achikunja chizindikiro cha moyo wosatha, moyo wosatha. Ndi choyimira cha Napoleon kenako abwereka, ine ndikukhulupirira kuti izo amanenanso za mfundo za kupitiriza mbiri za mphamvu yake.

Nthano ya m'nthano ya woyambitsa wa Merovingian mzera

Meroveya tanthauzo la dzina la - "ulemerero nkhondo". Grigoriem Turskim limafotokoza mwambo kuti Merab anabadwa zitachitika kugonana amake ndi chinjoka. Nthano kuti pa kubadwa kwa mayi mwana wake anaona Boar tsitsi lanu liimirire mu Meroveya kumbuyo. Azambiriyakale kusonkhana nthano imeneyi ndi mwambo wa Boar zakutchire, woyang'anira woyera zokhudza nkhondo ndi mulungu wobereketsa wa Afulanki akale.

Malinga ndi nthano, ndi Boar kamodzi pachaka amapita ku gombe la nyanja abwerere ndipo amapereka admirers chonde ndi bwino kumunda usilikali. Kenako, mu nthano Norse kotheka kusunga amveke mtsogoleri Boar gulu la mpatuko.

Kodi chidwi olemba Clovis, mfumu ya Afulanki. Wambiri ya Merovingian ndi tanthauzo la m'mbiri ya ulamuliro wake

Clovis I - dzina la zitatu mafumu Wachifulanki wa Merovingian mafumu. Kodi mbiri yakale kudziwa za izo?

Clovis, Mfumu ya Afulanki, Meroveya mdzukulu mwana Hilderiha Ine ndi Bazin, malinga deta amafotokoza, anabadwa pafupifupi zaka 466. Mu zaka 15, Clovis anakhala mfumu yaing'ono gawo salic (ie zikawonongeka) franc ndi kumvetsa kukula kwa malire a m'gawo lake.

Popeza anagonjetsa dera Siarpiya Clovis Ine ndi Anagwirizana mafumu anapita kunkhondo ndi Goths. Osati kunyalanyaza palibe zokhota, palibe nkhanza, palibe zakupha, Clovis Achotsa zonse m'dziko kum'mwera chakumadzulo. Kale mu 507, iye anali pansi pa mpando wa mkulu wa maiko onse French. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti chipambano izi wapereka chigamulo chake kuti abatizidwe anailemba 25 December 498 Pa ubatizo wa Mfumu spodvigla mkazi wake Clotilde.

Mu ulamuliro wake Clovis, Mfumu ya Afulanki, anapanga Paris likulu la mayiko anagonjetsa. Ndipo poyesetsa chilengedwe cha malamulo a Wachifulanki, iye anatsegula mutu watsopano mu lonse Masewerera a Nordic mbiri.

Clovis atamwalira mu Paris ku 511, pa kusiya dziko lawo zonse monga ana cholowa.

Nkhondo yolimbana Siarpiya. Mwambo wa mbale Soissons

Anatenga ofesi mfumu Clovis anayamba kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi dongosolo la adani pang'onopang'ono m'mayiko onse Gallic. strategy anali motere: kuti apite Gothic ndi minda Burgundian munamutcha tidbit m'dziko chofunika kugonjera Siarpiya moyandikana ndi dera ankasirira.

Clovis sikunali kovuta kuti akagwire dziko Siarpiya, ndipo posakhalitsa mzinda m'dziko pang'ono ndi pang'ono kufika pa Burgundians lapansi. Magulu ankhondo a Clovis sankasala njira iliyonse phindu mofulumira. Mu nkhondo zambiri agwidwa mipingo ndi akachisi.

Wotchuka zotsatirazi mwambo. Chifukwa, anaukira wina pa mpingo, Afulanki ndi awo Korol Hlodvig anapeza makapu wapatali kwambiri. Nkhani imeneyi inali yofunika kwambiri moti Bishop kwenikweni atapempha mfumu kuti abwerere ku kachisi. Clovis anaumirirabe nufuna kuti bwalo kumatanthauza mu cholowa cha zake. anzake onse a mfumu sanali otsutsana ndi gawo ili, koma mmodzi wa Afulanki anakaniza nakantha makapu ndi lupanga, mkwiyo, iye anati kwa mfumu, kuti iye sadzataya ntchito udindo wawo ndi kulandira zikho owonjezera kanthu.

Mfumu kunamizira umukhululukire tsenga, ndipo ngakhale anabweza makapu bishopu, koma patapita chaka, pa review a asilikali, ati msilikali kuti mfuti mu chikhalidwe choipa, anapulumutsidwa ku manja a nkhwangwa ndipo anaponyera pansi, ndipo pamene msilikali wakukotama ake, kudula mu theka mutu wake.

Ubatizo wa Clovis: Antecedents ndi Zotsatira

The prerequisites kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity, Clovis anali ukwati wake Mkatolika wodzipereka Clotilde, Mfumukazi ya Burgundy. Anakwera mpando wachifumu, Clotilde anayesera kukakamiza mkazi kuti atenge chikhulupiriro chake.

Zinthu zimene zakhala zinalephereka kwa nthawi yaitali. Oddly anatsimikizira Klotilda Hlodvigu kulephera kwa milungu yake kusonyeza kufanana awo ochiritsira, zachabechabe, anthu amwano, iye anayima pa ake ndipo anayankha ake kuti ankakhulupirira milungu yawo, ndiponso mulungu wa Chikhristu ndi akuimira, chifukwa alibe kuonekera ndipo simungathe kuchita zozizwitsa.

Clovis kwambiri anakankhira mwa chikhulupiriro cha Chikristu ndi chakuti woyamba wa Clotilde anafa mwachindunji mu ubatizo, mu wosasintha. Clovis pa nthawi ankakhulupirira kuti ngati mwanayo waperekedwa kwa chitetezo cha milungu yachikunja, iye akadali moyo.

Komabe, madzi amavala mwalawo, ndipo Clotilde anapanga wake. Padziko 498, mfumu Gallic anabatizidwa. Malingana ndi mwambo wa mpingo, izo zinachitika mu nkhondo ndi almandtsami. Pamene Clovis anali kutaya nkhondo, iye amazikhulupirira mwachabe akatulukire kwa milungu yawo kuti awathandize, ndipo pamene chiyembekezo cha chipulumutso Mfumu pang'ono adakumbukira mawu a pemphero kwa Yesu Mpulumutsi, iwo anati, ndipo Afulanki, anapanga mchitidwe bwino, anapambana almandtsev.

Mafumu Kandachime mu mzinda wa Reims mu 496. Anathetsera Clovis ndi anthu ake yomweyo chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu anamuululira mwayi ubwenzi ndi Gallo-Aroma, omwe amaloledwa kwambiri kukuza Mabuku awo.

Lamulo achipembedzo Merovingian mzera

Choona chidwi n'chakuti latsopano boma Austrasia si Mkhristu m'lingaliro loona mawu, ngakhale pambuyo ubatizo wa Clovis ndi anamuperekeza lake lapamtima. Ngakhale kuti onse Akhristu oona Clotilde, chipembedzo choona mwamuna wake sanabwere. Monga kale, anthu mokhulupirika ntchito kwa miyambo, miyambo ndi gulu Denmark.

Clovis Merovingian mafumu alibe nkhawa za tsogolo la Chikhristu m'dziko lake. Atabatizidwa, malamulo ake onse sanasinthe, kotero kuti vuto la kafalitsidwe pa chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu apuma pa mapewa a amishonale kufika ku madera ena a ku Ulaya. Pafupi ndi Paris ndi Orleans, komanso ena yotakata madambwe Merovingian, ndondomeko yogwira "kumamatira chikhulupiriro katolika" am'deralo. Kodi chidwi, Papa, mutu wa Mpingo wa Katolika, osati pakati ulamuliro avstraziyskih pa dziko, ndipo patapita anali amene anathandizira chiwonongeko cha Merovingian mafumu ufumu.

Izi kamodzinso zimatsimikizira chakuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity kuti Clovis monga kwa Russian Prince Vladimir, anali mwangwiro ndale kuchenjerera mnogohodovki. Zochita za Clovis, mfumu ya Afulanki, ndi zambiri zofanana kwambiri ndi zimene Vladimir, kalonga wa Kievan Yairo, ndipo iye ndi obatizidwa okha ndi kubatizidwa anamuperekeza wake, pa maziko a zolinga za ndale, ndicho chifukwa cha ubwenzi ndi Ufumu wa Byzantium. Komanso chidwi kufanana angakuchitireni ubatizo: ndi Gauls, pambuyo ubatizo wa Clovis anatsala ambiri achikunja, ndi Kievan Lazaro atangobatizidwa Vladimirovskaya sanatenge woyamba chikhulupiriro cha Akristu, nakhalabe pa gulu zachikunja.

Gothic nkhondo

Pamene Clovis, mfumu ya Afulanki, anatembenuzidwa chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu, nthawi ya kupambana polimbana ndi Gallo-Aroma. Zinakwawira pafupiko ndi madera Gothic, Clovis, alandira kale thandizo la atsogoleri achipembedzo apamwamba, anayamba mu 500 wazaka nkhondo Gundobalda malume a mkazi wake Clotilde, yemwe adapha makolo ake ndi abale mpando wachifumuwo. Mu 506 chaka TH ya chigonjetso adagonja ndi wogonjetsa anadza, potsiriza, mu ufumu Visigoth. Clovis, malinga Grigoriya Turskogo, ali kwambiri kusokonezedwa ndi chakuti Goths akamenyane ena Gau, kotero kuti nkhondo kugwiridwa ndi iwo akutchedwa wopatulika, amene anali kwambiri kunakomera atsogoleri apamwamba.

Clovis wakonzeka kugunda pafupi Poitiers pa Vuglo. Kupha Alaric, mfumu ya Goths anagonjetsera chikhulupiriro kwathunthu mu mphamvu yake ndipo adakweza, kotero kuti posachedwapa Byzantine Mfumu Anastasiasi okondwa ndi kumutumiza kalata pa kazembe kuti mwachindunji ndi Clovis udindo wake wamng'ono ndi kutsatira ulamuliro wa ufumu pa maiko onse amene anamasulidwa ku Goths.

Wachiwawa njira ya kupha adani onse kuthekera

Kodi inuyo mumamasuka kasamalidwe pa Clovis? Pambuyo chabwino Gallic nkhondo, anayamba mwadongosolo kuti awononge zonse za adani ake, atsogoleri Gallic. Tagwira dziko lawo ndi kuononga zonse mu mzere, mfumu Mosakhalitsa pafupifupi lonse la Gau.

Close achibale, abale ndi Rignomera Rihara anadzipha yekha Clovis. Mfumu ya Afulanki, amene yonena lili ndi zambiri "wamba" mpikisano imfa chiwawa Komabe, si sachedwa kupsa mtima: palibe kupha chinachitika otsutsa affective anawononga pang'onopang'ono, mochenjera ndi yosaoneka.

Pomaliza, Clovis anapha anthu onse amene pa kuposa ulamuliro wake mfumuyo Harariha, mfumu anakana pa nkhondo yolimbana Syagrius, ndi mwana wake, pofuna kupewa kudana ndi wachifumu wa bambo ake. Monga Clovis adalowa, ndi atsogoleri a Rhenish Afulanki: Zigiberta, inanyamuka, anapha manja a mwana wake, kulonjezedwa kwa mpaka patricide thandizo lawo ndi mikanjo achifumu. Pamene Hloderik Zigiberta anapha bambo ake, ndipo Clovis analowa ufumu, analengeza Hloderika wompereka, namupha, natenga wachifumu yekha.

Chitsanzo pamene Clovis anaitana amuna ake onse, ndipo tsanulirani moyo wawo akudandaula kuti iye analibe banja kuti akhoza kumupatsa chithandizo. Onse dongosolo kuchenjerera anali kudziwa akanali mfumu akadali abale mwachisawawa amene iye ndi chimwemwe chachikulu komanso kuphedwa.

Ufumu wa Clovis monga msinkhu wa mbiri French

Pambuyo mapeto a nkhondo Gothic, Clovis anasandutsa Paris likulu la dziko la kwawo ndipo anakhala kumeneko. Pomwepo mfumu inalamula yomanga Cathedral wa St. Peter ndi St. Paul (tsopano Mpingo wa St. Genevieve). Clovis atamwalira mu 511, iye anali kumeneko ndipo anaikidwa m'manda.

M'chaka 511, kutsogolo lomwalira wake, Clovis anayambitsa koyamba Wachifulanki Church Cathedral ku New Orleans ncholinga kusintha Gallic Church. Iye anathandiza kuti anthu akhale ndi "Salic choonadi" - akonzedwa a franc malamulo.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya mfumu chuma chake anagawanika ana ake anayi. Clotilde chomwecho canonized, anasamukira ku Tours ndipo anakhala masiku onse a moyo wake mu tchalitchi cha St. Martin.

Choncho, mbiri ya Clovis amakhalabe amunamuna. Ngakhale ena mwa maganizo ofooketsa, zosasangalatsa mphindi ntchito yake. Wopambana ulamuliro wa Clovis anapezerapo mapangidwe ngati alikukonzeka Ufumu wa Roma - boma, chizindikiro umene unali ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa mgwirizano boma ndi mpingo, pakati mphamvu kanthawi ndi ulamuliro wa uzimu wa chigawocho Merovingian Mkhristu.