Currant processing mu autumn. Currant processing mu autumn kuchokera tizirombo

Currant ndi chomera chomwe chimakula mofulumira. Koma kuti shrub nthawi zonse amapereka chokoma ndi yowutsa mudyo zipatso, ndikofunikira pambuyo pa zokolola kuti zikhazikike ndi kudulira. Kukonzekera kwa currant m'dzinja kudzapindulitsa kwambiri. Zidzathandiza kuti dothi likhale lonyowa, likhale lopindulitsa ndi mpweya wabwino, komanso lichotseni tizirombo tating'onoting'ono.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji currant m'dzinja

Zikudziwika kuti ndi kukula kwa chitsamba chomera chochuluka chotheka. Mitengo yabwino idzapulumuka chaka choyamba, zipatso zobiriwira zingathe kukololedwa. Choncho, kuyambira chaka choyamba cha kubzala, chitsamba cha currant chimafuna kusamalidwa bwino, kukonza ndi kulenga zinthu zabwino zotsatila fruiting ndi kukula.

Kupeza zokolola zambiri n'zotheka kokha ndi nthawi zonse nthaka yolima, feteleza feteleza, makonzedwe okwanira komanso kudulira zitsamba. Kuwonjezera apo, malo ofunikira mu processing currants mu kugwa ndi matenda tizilombo. Pofuna kuteteza kuti chitsambacho chisasokoneze chitsamba, ndikokwanira kukonzekera dothi bwino m'nyengo yozizira: kuchotsani masamba onse ndikugwiritsira ntchito zigawo zonse, kuti dziko lapansi libwezeretsedwe.

Kukonzekera kwa nthaka kwa nyengo yotsatira ndi zina feteleza ndi mchere ndi feteleza zokha sizidzasiya mwayi wa tizirombo. Kukonzekera kwa currant m'dzinja ndi njira yovomerezeka yokolola mtsogolo. Monga akunena, ife tikukonzekera kugula mu chilimwe.

Kukonzekera nthaka ya kuika

M'dzinja ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala zitsamba za currant ndi kuziika zakale. Panthawi imeneyi nthaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo imakhala yabwino kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino kwambiri pafupipafupi. Choncho, kodi mungakonzekere bwanji nthaka kuti mukhale ndi shrub?

Currant, makamaka wakuda, ndi chikhalidwe chokonda chinyezi, choncho nthaka yobiriwira iyenera kusankhidwa kuti ikhale yofalikira, makamaka m'madera okhala kumpoto chakumadzulo. Ngati n'kotheka, sankhani lolem lolemera kapena nthaka yochepa.

Gawo la kubzala kwa tchire liyenera kukhala loyamba ndikuyikidwa, kuchotsa zinyalala zonse ndi kumasula iwo namsongole. Kumbukirani kuti currant imakonda osati madzi okha, komanso kumasuka nthaka. Choncho m'dzinja malowa amafukula kwambiri ndipo amadyetsedwa ndi humus kapena manyowa. N'zotheka kudzaza dziko ndi potaziyamu ndi superphosphate. Zovala zapamwamba ziyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October. Kujambula currant kumachitika patatha milungu itatu mutabzala feteleza. Panthawiyi, nthaka idzathera, ndipo mabowo okonzekera kubzala adzakhazikika.

Kodi ndibwino bwanji kuti musamuke piritsi?

Chikhalidwe chilichonse cha m'munda chimakhala ndi zozizwitsa zokha. Osati matabwa osiyana ndi mabulosi. Kukonza kwabwino kwa currant mu kugwa ndi motere:

• Dzenje la chitsamba liyenera kukumba mozama masentimita 35 ndikuyeza 40x40 masentimita.
• Musanadzalemo mbande, chitsimecho chimamera ndi 50 g ya sulphate, zidebe zingapo za peat kapena kompositi, 200 g ya superphosphate ndi 25 g ya phosziyamu ya kloride.

• Bzalani chitsamba mu dzenje ndilofunikira pamtunda.
• Mutabzala, iwo akuwazidwa ndi nthaka m'munsi ndi kuthirira mochuluka.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti currant imabzalidwa m'mizere, mtunda umene uli pafupi mamita 1.5.

Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito kudulira ndi kotani?

Processing wa currant baka mu autumn akugwirizana ndi kudulira zitsamba. Zomwe zimachitika pachaka zimathandiza kuti mbeuyo ibale zipatso nthawi zonse. Ili pa nthambi zazing'ono, zomwe zaka zawo si zoposa zaka ziwiri, ndipo mazira atsopano amapangidwa, pamene nthambi zakale zikufa.

Njira yochepetsera ndi yofunika komanso yofunika ngati feteleza nthaka ndikuyikweza. Nchifukwa chiyani nkofunikira kupanga currant m'dzinja ndi kukonza?

1. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere zokolola.
2. Kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono kumawonjezeka, choncho, ubwino wa zipatso ndi bwino. Kupeza kuwala kwambiri, zimakhala zazikulu, zowutsa mudyo, zokoma ndi zowonjezera mavitamini kusiyana ndi wamkulu mumthunzi.
3. Kukonzekera kwaguduli m'dzinja kumawonjezera nthawi yamaluwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chitsamba chikhoza kubala zipatso kwa zaka pafupifupi makumi awiri.

Zigawo zazikulu za processing

Kudula chitsamba sikungowonjezera zokolola, koma kumathandizanso ntchito ya maluwa. Kukonza koyamba kwa currant kuyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga mutangotha pansi, ndikusiya masamba ochepa pamera. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa chisanafike chisanu choyamba, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October. Kotero padzakhala nthawi yokwanira kuti magawowo athe kuchiritsidwa, kubwezeretsedwa kwadutsa kwatha.

Kwa ichi muyenera:

• Dulani nthambi zonse zakale ndi zipatso zazing'ono.
• Nthambi zamkati zamkati zimadulidwa.
• Gawo la chitsamba chokhala pansi chikuchotsedwa.
• Nthambi zosweka ndi zofooka zimadulidwa opanda mphukira.

Kuti apange chitsamba chatsopano, nthambi 5-6 zidzakhala zokwanira. Choncho, chithandizo cha currant baka mu kugwa ndi njira yokonza chingathandize kulimbitsa kukula kwa muzu mphukira, chotero, maonekedwe a zazikulu ndi yowutsa mudyo zipatso. Kutsiriza kudulira ndikofunikira kwa zaka 4-5 mutatha pansi. Panthawiyi, yoyenera kukula currant chitsamba yakhazikitsidwa kale.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito

Mitengo yambiri ya mabulosi ndi currant yakuda. Mtengo wake uli mu mkulu wambiri mavitamini mu zipatso, masamba, masamba ndi shrub mphukira. Chomera ichi chimakonda chinyezi ndi kuwala.

Njira yopanga chitsamba imakhala yosiyana mosiyana ndi mitundu ina. Processing wakuda currant mu yophukira imagwirizananso ndi kukonza nthambi, koma pali zinazake.

• Kupanga zipatso kumawoneka pa mphukira za chaka chatha ndi mphete.
• Kudulira mabulosi amtundu wakuda kumachitika mwamsanga mutangokwera pansi, koma kudula mphukira zonse, kusiya masamba atatu amphamvu omwe ali ndi masamba omwe amapangidwa pa iwo.
• M'zaka zitatu zotsatira, udzu udatulutsa nthambi zofooka ndi zodwala, makamaka ndi mphukira pachaka.
• Ngati mapangidwe a basal ndi osawuka, ndiye kuti mudulire nthambi ziwiri, ndikupangitsa kukula kwa achinyamata mphukira.
• Kupanga chitsamba kumatha pa chaka chachitatu -chinayi. Chotsatira chake, makampani 12 a zaka zosiyana komanso omwe ali ndi kukula kwachinyamata amapezeka.

Black currant imasowa kudya nthawi zonse. M'dzinja ndi kofunika kuti manyowa a shrub akhale miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Nchifukwa chiyani izi ziyenera kuchitika m'dzinja? Mfundo ndi yakuti kuti feteleza ikhoze kubweretsa chitsamba, zimatenga nthawi. Pambuyo pake, zinthu zakuthupi, monga nkhuku manyowa, manyowa, zidzawonongeka kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ndipo ayamba kukhudza khungu la currant mu March, ndipo miyezi itatu yotsatira idzakhudza chitukuko cha vegetative. Choncho, nthaka iyenera kuchiritsidwa motere chaka chonse, kotero kuti nthawi zonse imalidwa, ndipo shrub imalandira zakudya.

Tizilombo ndi matenda, kumenyana nawo

Chitetezo cha currant ku tizirombo ndi matenda oopsa chimaphatikizapo zingapo. Koma chofunikira kwambiri pa kulimbana ndizo ndizo zoyambira pamaphunziro a teknoloji yaulimi. Munda wokonzedwa bwino udzateteza kuoneka kwa tizilombo, choncho matenda. Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani izi?

Currant processing mu autumn kuchokera tizirombo ndi matenda Ziyenera kuchitika malinga ndi malamulo awa:

• Ndikofunika kupeza mitundu yotsutsana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda owopsa.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza tizilombo komanso fungicidal.

• Chithandizo cha currant mu yophukira ku matenda kumaphatikizapo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ndibwino kuti muchite nyengo yadzuwa, m'mawa kapena madzulo. Musamachite mame, mvula isanayambe kapena itatha!
• Gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zoteteza.
• Chithandizo chokonzekera mankhwala ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana akhoza kuchitika kasanu ndi kamodzi pa nyengo. Koma izi ziyenera kudutsa masiku 20 asanakolole zipatso.

Mwa kusunga malamulo oyambirira, n'zotheka kupeŵa zosayenera za currant monga powdery mildew, goblet dzimbiri, anthracnose, currant mtolo ndulu midges ndi ena.

Mmene mungagwirire ndi kutaya tizilombo to currants

Pa nthawi ya maluwa komanso mapangidwe a ovary oyambirira, sawfly yamatenda ndi tizilombo towononga. Mkazi amaika mazira pamwamba pa nthambi, komanso pa ovary yaikulu kwambiri. Zikuwoneka kuchokera ku mazira, mphutsi zimadya zomwe zili m'mitengo yopanda kanthu. Kumapeto kwa nyengo yokolola, mphutsi imadutsa mu dzenje mumatope ndikugwa pansi ndikupita kumtunda m'nyengo yozizira.

Mukamenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa, kawiri kawiri muyenera kutsuka zitsamba za currant pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la bitoxybacillin kapena lepidocide pamtunda wa 60 g pa 10 malita a madzi. Njira yothandiza yolamulira sawfly ikupopera tchire ndi decoction ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zomera monga msowa ndi fodya. Kuchiza kwa currant mu kugwa kwa tizilombo, makamaka, kuchokera ku sawfly yomwe imatuluka, kumatanthauzira kumasula nthaka ndi kukumba kwake. Mbozi zonyenga zisanachitike zimagwedeza pa tchire pa mafutacloth ndi kuwononga.

Oopsa tizilombo kwa currant ndi impso mite. Amakhudza impso 80% za chitsamba chonse. Amakhudzidwa nazo, impso zimasokonekera. Masamba amatembenuka ndi kutaya.

Mitundu yonse ya currant yowonongeka ndi galasi lamoto. Ichi ndi tizilombo toopsa kwambiri. Mbozi imapanga ndime m'mtima mwa nthambi. Mphukira imayamba kukula bwino, youma ndi kufa. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombozi m'chaka, isanayambe masambawo, muyenera kudula mphukira zakuwonongeka. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi mbozi. Athandiza ndi kupopera zitsamba ndi mankhwala "Fitoverm" (2 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).