Diogenes. Mbiya ya Diogenes ndi njira kukwaniritsa moyo wangwiro

Diogenes, mbiya zimene zinabweretsa iye kutchuka anakhalako zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo. Iye anali maganizo ake a moyo, anaona mu kuphweka ndi ndiyotani pakuchotsa misonkhano ndi chuma.

Iye ndi chimodzi cha oimira yowala wa sukulu Cynic. moyo Common, iye anasankha kukhalako ngati galu, chimene chili chofunika kwa chimwemwe malo ogona ndi chakudya. Monga kunyumba anasankha chidebe. Zimenezi n'zimene anadzakhala maziko a aphorism odziwika.

Kodi pa moyo wa woganiza ndi? Kodi Diogenes anagona mu mbiya izi? Kodi zikutanthauzanji "Mosungira Diogenes?" Tingaone zimenezi m'nkhani.

General zokhudza Diogenes wa Sinope

mfundo zonse zodziwika za nzeru zapamwamba za anapulumuka ku nkhani wakale wa wolemba, amene anakhalako wachitatu, Diogenes Laertius. Pa nthawi imeneyi pambuyo pa imfa ya Diogenes wa Sinope wakhala zaka zoposa mazana asanu, kudalira lodalirika zili zovuta.

Diogenes anabadwa, amakhala mbiya, kuzungulira 412 BC. e. Amadziwika kuti anali mwana wa wosinthana ndalama. Tsiku lina iye anafunsa masomphenya za zimene adzachite. Yankho anali akuti: "revaluation amatsogoza". Munthuyo anaganiza kuchita ndalama overstriking, koma anazindikira kuti maitanidwe - mu nzeru.

Woganiza anagwirizana Athens ku Antisthenes. Poyamba iye ngakhale anaweyulidwa pa iye ndi ndodo, imene Diogenes mutu wake ndipo anati Antisthenes kupeza ndodo zimene zingachititse kuti azipita. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, iye anakhala mwana wa Antisthenes ndipo anayamba moyo lophweka. Anakakhala pansi nyumba zake m'njira chidwi, zomwe zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa phraseologism kuti Diogenes adalikugona mu mbiya. Inali pafupi ndi ku Atene malo a zamalonda nyumba - tauni lalikulu, lomwe linali likulu la cikhalidwe ndi anthu pa nthawi.

The wakale Greece dzina Antisthenes anali mwana wasukulu ndi nthumwi wowala wa sukulu Cynic. Akamanena za chiphunzitsocho chinali kuti munthu ayenera kukhala "ngati galu" kwa anthu wamba wabwino. Izo zikutanthauza kukhala mu kuphweka, napeputsa msonkhano, kukhala kufotokoza njira osankhidwa a moyo, kukhala okhulupirika, olimba mtima ndi oyamikira.

austerity

Wafilosofi anali wothandiza wa moyo wosasangalala. Yabwino ya moyo ankaona khalidwe la mbewa kuti sanali mantha kanthu, kanthu anafuna kukhala wokhutira ndi pang'ono. Woganiza anafuna kukwaniritsa yabwino kwambiri ya moyo wake. Ndicho chifukwa Diogenes anagona mu mbiya. M'malo mwake, anagwiritsa kama malaya, ndi zinthu anali ndodo yokha ndi thumba.

Monga munthu wachikulire, iye mphaleyo anamwa madzi kuchokera m'dzanja lake. N'zokhumudwitsa kwambiri woganiza, amene nthawi yomweyo anataya kunja thumba mbale. Komabe, iye ananena kuti mnyamata anakhoza kuposa kuphweka ake. Iye aponya mbale wake, ndipo pamene anaona mnyamata wina anakwanitsa kudya nyansi za chipere cha mkate kudya kutali.

Aphorism ndi mbiya

Mfundo lonse la akuluakulu a sukulu ya Cynics anali chakuti sikudalira chuma, kukhala mfulu kwa iwo. Nyumbayi inali komanso tanthauzo wamataya, kotero Diogenes mbiya yomwe anamuika wotchuka, anaganiza kuchotsa owonjezera izi zakuthupi.

Mu mawu ophiphiritsa a okuluwika wotchuka zikutanthauza kudzipatula kwawo ku dziko lakunja. Diogenes, mbiya ya amene anali kunyumba kwake, anamasulidwa okha ubwino ndi tsankho. Mwa njira imeneyi moyo wosalira zambiri ndipo ufulu.

Ndipo panali mbiya?

Diogenes mbiya yomwe sapereka zina zambiri mpaka pano, kwenikweni ankakhala pithoi. Malinga ndi zotsatira za zinthu zofukulidwa m'mabwinja ku Greece wakale kulibe timamvera mbiya ya.

Atene ntchito m'malo lalikulu (kutalika) ziwiya dongo. Iwo zasungidwa tirigu, vinyo, mafuta.

Ndi mu pifosov zimenezi n'cholinga moyo nzeru za anthu. chotengeracho zinali zokwanira kuika horizontally kugona mmenemo, yokutidwa ndi chofunda a. onse woganiza akanakhoza kutenga malo kunja chotengera, pokhala pa msewu. Zosowa ukhondo pamene aliyense anasangalala malo osambira ndi zimbudzi, kotero kufunika nyumba Diogenes kwenikweni akhoza kusowa.

Kamodzi ana ali pithos wosweka, limene ankakhala Diogenes. Atene kenako anam'patsa nyumba ku watsopano zadothi chotengera. Choncho woganiza moyo mpaka Macedonia Sichinatsitsidwe anaganiza Athens.

Nthawi yomalizira ya moyo

Diogenes anali membala Heroneyskoy nkhondo, umene unachitika mu 338 BC. e. pakati pa Makedoniya ndi Athens ku Thebes. Magulu a zipani pafupifupi ofanana, koma Philip II ndi Aleksandra Makedonskogo asilikali asilikali a Greek mzinda-limati.

Woganiza komanso Atene ambiri, anagwidwa ndi Amakedoniya. Iwo anagulitsidwa kwa msika kapolo wa Xeniades ena. latsopano mwini kapolo anagula monga namkungwi ana awo. Aatene nzeru zapamwamba anawaphunzitsa kukwera, mbiri, ndakatulo Greek, ndi kuponya mivi.

Pali nkhani imene pamene anali ndi mwayi kuti ndikaonekere kwa Aleksandru Makedonskomu ndi pempho, iye anapempha yekha kuti sakhulupirira obstruct dzuwa. Kuti ikhale chenicheni choimirira wa sukulu ya Cynics, iye sanali kanthu ndipo izi waona ufulu wake ngakhale pamene ukapolo.

nzeru zapamwamba imfa

Wafilosofi anafa 323 BC. e. Akukhulupirira kuti imfa inabwera kwa iye tsiku lomwelo ngati kuti a Alexander Wamkulu. Asanafe, iye anafunsa mbuye wake kuti wamuika m'manda chafufumimba. Pa woganiza manda kumanga nsangalabwi chipilala, amene akuonetsedwa galu. Pa chipilala ndi lolembedwa kuti Diogenes anali wokhoza kuphunzitsa anthu kukhala wokhutira ndi zimene muli, ndipo ndi moyo wosalira zambiri.

Masiku ano, pokumbukira masitolo nzeru zapamwamba kudziwika okuluwika "mbiya ya Diogenes."