Kurt thanki ndi ndege

Kurt thanki - German ndege mlengi kuyesedwa woyendetsa, amene Anatsogolera ndegeyo. Iye wakhazikitsa angapo odziwika padziko ndegeyo dziko monga "Condor" ndi "Marut".

Kurt thanki: yonena

Anabadwa Kurt Waldemar thanki February 24, chaka cha 1898 mu East Prussia (mzinda wa Bromberg-Shvedenhoe). Pamene World Choyamba, iye mwaufulu anapita kunkhondo. Posachedwa iye anali msilikali ndipo analamulira kampani, amene anamenya pa Western Front, kumene iye anavulazidwa. Thanki anamaliza nkhondo monga mkulu ndipo anali mphoto zingapo kulimba mtima.

Kuyambira mu 1918 mpaka 1922, iye anaphunzira pa Apamwamba School luso Berlin, kumene maphunziro bwinobwino kupeza zapaderazi injiniya magetsi. Komabe, monga wophunzira adali mokhudza kwambiri za chilengedwe cha gliders, choncho nthawi zonse ankapita nkhani za Professor Everling wodzipereka kwa aerodynamics. Komanso, Kurt thanki pa kanthu yake ndi makalasi ku ndege. Iwo anatenga nthawi, Pulofesa Reisner.

Woyamba glider thanki zinalephereka. Posakhalitsa cholinga chitsanzo latsopano ndipo anamutcha iye "pang'ono mdierekezi." Iye anali mokhudza za ntchito yake anazimiririka masiku zokambirana kuti anazindikira mochedwa: analibe nthawi yokwanira kuti tikonze zithunzi zonse kuteteza nkhani yolembedwa awo. Ndiye mnyamata anaganiza kutenga sitepe wosimidwa: amakonza pa tebulo kutsogolo aphunzitsi Hoff Percival ndi wake zojambula ntchito "pang'ono mdierekezi", ndipo ndinadabwa wake, kubera.

zinachitikira loyamba

Atamaliza maphunziro Kurt thanki ntchito limodzi la makampani ang'onoang'ono ndege. Mu 1924 iye analandira digiri ya ukachenjede ndipo pomwepo amapita ku fakitale Rohrbach Rohrbach Metallflugzeugbau ili Berlin. Ndisanalembetse kampaniyo, iye walandira brevet. Komabe, iye anali zambiri monga ndege sukulu anali kokha maphunziro pulogalamu koyamba, kuwuluka kangapo pa biplane zosavuta.

Rohrbach pa mbewu, iye watenga mbali mu chitukuko osati mabwato zouluka, komanso oyamba ndege zonyamula "Roland". Koma choyamba, izo zinali chabe maphunziro ongolankhula pa manageability ndiponso kudalirika kwa ndege. Atangomva kugwa kuchokera mwawi, iye adzakhala mu galimoto ndipo amanoledwa luso lake ntchito ndi seaplane.

Pa mayeso bwato Ro-III anasonyeza kuti pamene yobzalira kwambiri igunda madzi, ndipo zimenezi zimapangitsa zina oyendetsa anachitazi. Thanki anapereka akonzekeretse bwato muyezo damping wapadera, ndi lingaliro walandiridwa. Mwina poyamba ntchito ufulu umene anasonyeza kuti Kurt thanki monga ndege udzachitika.

Kuzindikila

Kuyambira pamene anayamba kugwira ntchito pa kuwongolera seaplane, nkhawa yaikulu inali nkhani ya mphamvu zake. Anaulukira ku Ro-III, izo ndi mofulumira wabweza kuzindikira ngati woyendetsa mayeso. Khalani odziwa zambiri, iye mu 1936 analandira digiri ya Doctor wa zaumisiri Sciences ndi Flugkapitan Office, ndi mphoto zingapo. Komabe, Kurt thanki zaka za amene anali wadzala ndi ndege, wamtengo wapatali kokha chifukwa chakuti iye ayese woyendetsa.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti ndege Ro-III amadziwika zokwanira, chifukwa unakhazikitsidwa timva zambiri. Sam Ndege izo molimba mtima kwambiri. Komanso, iye imachitikira ndi maphunziro okhudzana ndi kutalika unsembe ndi pusher tinakwera injini malo. Wotchuka pamene Erns woyendetsa Udet thanki ndege tiika umboni wina - kuwoloka kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo lonse Atlantic Ocean. Komabe, sizinachitike: zifukwa luso anayika galimoto mu nyanja.

mgwirizano

Kwa kanthawi iye ntchito ndi wina wotchuka German ndege mlengi Willy Messerschmitt. Monga katswiri mayeso, thanki sizikanati zigwirizane ndi maganizo ake, umalimbana zomwe makina pazipita kuti kuonjezera liwiro lake. Monga amadziwika, Messerschmitt ankaona kuti mphamvu ya ndege si yofunika mofanana ndi Luso woyendetsa sitima.

Komabe, Kurt thanki satsatira maganizo a anzake ndipo ankadziwa kuti kuwonjezeka chiwerengero cha mphamvu liwiro ndi chitetezo cha ndegeyo ayenera kuwonjezera. Choncho, sate Messerschmitt ndege masamba fakitare, Gona pakati pa akatswiri awiri luso m'tsogolo kukhala ofunda ndi wochezeka.

Jobs 'Focke-Wulf "

Thanki 1927 analoŵa kampani Albatros Flugzeugwerke. Patatha zaka zinayi, ndi chosakanikirana ndi kampani ina Focke-Wulf ili Bremen. Apa, kwa November 1931, iye anali mlengi wamkulu pa nthawi yomweyo akutsogolera dipatimenti ya mayesero ndege.

Kurt thanki ndi Jets Fw 58 Weihe, Fw-Stosser 56 Fw-200 Condor ( «Condor") akuyenera kuzindikira weniweni wa padziko lonse. Woyamba wa iwo anali okonzeka mapeto a 1933, ndipo ndegeyo anakhala wotsogolera luso kampani zikuluzikulu.

Development ndege zatsopano

Mu 1936, ntchito inayambika pa makina atsopano Fw-200 "Condor". Choyamba, ndegeyo anali pabwino ngati mpweya transatlantic zapamadzi, kotero ndege yoyamba m'chilimwe cha 1937, anakwaniritsa udindo umenewo. Komabe, nkhondo Kurt thanki kugwiritsa ntchito monga reconnaissance losatha kufufuza convoys mdani mu madzi North Atlantic. Pambuyo kudziwika awo ndege anaukira zoyendera kapena kuwatumizira ndi sitima lonse la sitima zankhondo German.

Malinga ndi ena amene analowa Luftwaffe zida deta onse ndi September 1939 izo linaperekedwa 259 Fw-200 "Condor". Ena mwa magalimoto awa ngakhale ntchito zoyendera ndege kwa maulendo atsogoleri akuluakulu a dziko. Komabe, ambiri a iwo, ndipo mungachite asanu anali adakali zoponya mabomba aliyense kapena reconnaissance kuleza osiyanasiyana. zosintha Various "Condor" zimasiyana Chrixitu muli kapangidwe chida kapena zopalira mabomba pamaso pa makina ounikira kapena homing, ndipo ambiri Chofunika - manja.

Development wa ndege Fw 190

Talente wa munthu uyu zinadzaonekeranso pa kamangidwe ka womenya latsopano Fw-187, kwa nthawi yoyamba kuchotsedwa mpweya mu 1937. Ndipo chaka chamawa anali wokonzeka komanso mwatsatanetsatane reconnaissance ndege Fw 189. Ntchito pa makina atsopano Fw 190 anayamba ndi chakuti kotheratu "Focke-Wulf" anayamba kupanga womenya watsopano pa malangizo a German Reyhsministerstva ndege. M'dzinja 1937 gulu kamangidwe, kutsogozedwa ndi akasinja, anayamba kukonza yomweyo ntchito awiri amasiyana yekha magetsi.

The ndege yoyamba okonzeka ndi 12 yamphamvu Daimler-Benz DB 601, wopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a V mozondoka, ndi kuzirala madzi. Mu makina wachiwiri anaika zozungulira injini mpweya utakhazikika BMW 139. Pamene ndege imeneyi anatha kutsimikizira kasitomala nthawi zambiri ntchito mu German ndege mu mzere injini, nthawi ino adzakhala opanda mphamvu.

Pamene yonyamuka ku zinachitika yoyamba inasonyeza liwiro 595 Km / h. mayeso ake woyendetsa Kurt thanki anapanga ndege angapo mayeso. Komabe, chiyesedwe cha izi ndege mkulu-liwiro, nthawi iliyonse kukhala n'kovuta kwambiri, kotero ndege mlengi anali kupereka mautumiki onse m'tsogolo. Fw-190B-9 ali ndi liwiro pamwamba 730 Km / h, monga zida ndi vodometanolovym accelerator, zomwe zinamuthandiza kuti akhale womenya yachangu agwidwa ndi onse a m'mayikowo ndege.

Activities panthawi ya nkhondo

M'dzinja 1942 anauzidwa kuti asilikali US akufuna kusonkhanitsa mu Italy ndi Britain, anthu ambiri a ndege, wopangidwa mwa ambiri zoponya mabomba amene anali pa nkhondo Nazi Germany. Ilo linali funso la kukufunikira okwera womenya. Messerschmitt akasinja ndipo anapempha kuganizira mfundo imeneyi. Mu mawu mbiri kochepa cha kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho, latsopano womenya Ta 152.

Ntchitoyi, ndi nyota wake m'mbuyomo thanki anakhala katswiri wa University of Braunschweig zaumisiri. Komanso, dongosolo lapadera yosainidwa ndi Germanom Geringom kuti mitundu yonse a ndege kumene analenga anayamba motsogozedwa lenileni la ndege imeneyi luso, tsopano limatchedwa kuti "TA" - zilembo ziwiri zoyambirira za dzina lake.

Ngakhale pamene zonse zinali kale momveka bwino kuti ndi ulamuliro wa Hitler anataya nkhondo, thanki ntchito mwakhama. Iye anakhala mapulogalamu loyamba la ndege chimbale woboola pakati, amene anali nayo nthawi kuti ayese. Galimoto amayenera kuwuluka ngati ndege wabwinobwino, ndi pa yomweyo kusuntha kwina kulikonse, ndipo ngati n'koyenera fungatirani mu mlengalenga.

nkhondo itatha,

Unakhalabe nkhani ya masiku pamaso kugwa kwa ulamuliro wa Hitler. Thanki ankadziwa kuti German makampani ndege kulibenso. Posachedwa Berlin anagwidwa ndi asilikali anagwirizana ndi anawagawa m'magulu. zigawenga nkhondo anayamba kugwira lonse la Germany, ndiyeno iwo amalangidwa. Ena mwa iwo anali ngati otchuka monga Reichsmarschall Hermann Goering, mutu wa Nazi Party, Rudolf Hess, mutu wa gulu waukulu "Friedrich Krupp" Gustav Krupp, Ulamuliro wa Nazi nkhondo makampani , Albert Speer ndi SS Panzer General Meyer. Kurt thanki anali sanapange nawo aliyense wa zolakwa, kotero iye sanali anamangidwa.

Ngakhale kuti Germany kale kulibe, moyo anapita ndipo tinali kwinakwake kukafuna ntchito, osati yekha komanso kwa antchito awo. The mabwana wapafupi panthawiyo anali opambana. chakuti mafakitale onse "Focke-Wulf", kuthawa US ndi mabomba British wa Bremen akhala anasamukira ku kum'mawa, mu Posen, Marienburg ndi Cottbus. Kotero iwo anali mu gawo ankalamulira Asilikali Soviet.

A ambiri ogwira ntchito ndi mabanja awo opanda ntchito kapena njira iliyonse zofunika pamoyo. Koma panali mphekesera kuti Russian ndikufuna kulenga mtundu wa amasinthira la asayansi German, okonza ndi opanga kumanga zitsanzo latsopano ndege, potengera chitsanzo chawo wapadera. Thanki ndi anabwera zokambirana ndi nthumwi Soviet, amene Komabe, anabwera kanthu patsogolo. Iye anayesetsa kukhazikitsa ojambula la British ngakhale olamulira Chinese Tiyi Canche. Komabe, Adam'teteza atamuitana ku Argentina. Monga inu mukudziwa, dziko lino ndi pa nthawi imodzi anagwira ntchito limodzi ndi chipani cha Nazi powapatsa sitima zapamadzi zapansi awo.

Jobs mu Argentina

Kurt thanki ndi banja lake anasamukira ku nyumba ina. Apa iye ankagwira ntchito amalikonda ndi angagwiritse womenya latsopano kwa Argentine Air Force injini ndege. Maziko a chitukuko injiniya Hans Multhoppa analandidwa. Iyo inali ntchito womenya Ta-183, umene umayamba kusintha. Mayesero loyamba la ndege yatsopano FMA Pulqui II wadutsa kumapeto kwa June 1950. Iwo anali piloted ndi Captain E. weiss, wopangidwa. ndemanga zake za galimoto anali ovuta ndithu.

asanu ndege amenewa zinamangidwa, ndipo zaka zinayi ntchitoyi chinatsekedwa. Mu 1955, Pulezidenti Peron, amene anaitanidwa thanki ntchito, opanda mphamvu chifukwa cha zokhumba a. Ndege fakitale Cordoba pafupi. Kurt thanki ndi ndege ake sanalinso ofunikira. German injiniya ndi ndege mlengi sakanachitira mwina koma kusiya Argentina. Thanki adza kwa Germany ndi kuyesa kupitiriza ntchito, koma sizinathandize.

Development la ndegeyo kwa Indian Air Force

Mu 1955, ndege kachiwiri kuti achoke kwawo. Anasamukira ku India. Mu umodzi wa ndege ili Bangalore, iye ndi gulu la akatswiri zikugwira ntchito kuti amange Mipikisano cholinga womenya, dzina lake HF 24 Marut. Komabe, oyambirira-kuchokera la ndegeyo zinalephereka - iye inaonongeka. Ngakhale, ntchito anapita.

Mu November 1967, pali kale nthawi ya makina mafakitale. Marut womenya anakhala usilikali ndege yoyamba kulinganizidwa ndi kumangidwa ku India. Patatha zaka zinayi, iye anachita nawo nkhondoyo kumalire ndi Pakistan.

kubwerera

Mu 1970, ndege akubwera kunyumba. Kwa zaka zingapo anali mlangizi wa Berlin kampani "Messerschmitt-Bel'kov-Blom."

Kurt thanki (chithunzi Tingaone m'nkhani) wafa Munich pa chiyambi cha June 1983. moyo wake wonse anali chithunzithunzi cha chi amene anapulumuka zikwi luntha German. Monga tsoka akadafuna izo zinachitika kuti iwo anakakamizika ntchito kuti athandize zawo, ngakhale Nazi, boma umalimbana kugonjetsa dziko. Koma, ngakhale, iye anatha kukhala amathandiza kwambiri pa mbiri ya ndege.