Mihail Vasilevich Frunze: yochepa mbiri ndi chithunzi

Achinyamata a nthawi yathu ino, kuphatikizapo ophunzira zimavuta kumbukirani kuti mu zaka za kubadwa kwa mphamvu Soviet, munthu unali waukulu ndi otchuka chithunzi pa zandale. Koma lero, anyamata ndi atsikana anapereka nkhokwe lonse magwero zamakono kumene sizipanga khama kuti tipeze chimene mbiri yake. Frunze, Mikhail Vasilyevich - chosintha ichi ndi States ndi asilikali mkulu, ndi theoretician zokhudza nkhondo.

Akatswiri ambiri amakonda kukhulupirira kuti moyo wa ngwazi wa zisinthe akufanana ndi buku ndi malo osangalatsa. Mihail Vasilevich Frunze, kanthawi yonena amene adadziwika kwa apainiya ndi Komsomol, kawiri kuti aphedwe, koma olimba mosasamala adampulumutsa tsoka oopsa. Koma aura chinsinsi yokutidwa imfa ya chosintha, chimene chinachitika mu 1925.

Asayansi Political akhala atapereka Mabaibulo ambiri odious lake lonyamuka kuchoka pa moyo. Ena amakhulupirira kuti nkhani iyi ndi "mtsogoleri manja anthu, ena amakhulupirira kuti Mihail Vasilevich Frunze, kanthawi mbiri yomwe kale ankaphunzira asayansi, n'kufa mu kusaka, ena amati mmodzi wa madokotala opaleshoni anavutika anapanga mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi" chakupha "chloroform. mwanjira ina, koma mfundo iyi nkhani izo adzaperekedwa posachedwa. Choncho amene iye, Mihail Vasilevich Frunze, kanthawi yonena tsopano anafotokoza ndi azambiriyakale? Taganizirani funso ili.

Zaka ubwana ndi unyamata

Choncho, Mihail Vasilevich Frunze. Mwachidule nkhani za izo sizigwira ntchito, chifukwa magawo onse a moyo wake muli mfundo zambiri zapadera ndi chidwi.

Iye anabadwa pa February 2, 1885 ku Kyrgyzstan (tawuni Pishpek). Atate wa m'tsogolo chosintha anthu pangozi yosavuta ntchito mu Turkestan. Secondary Education Mihail Vasilevich Frunze, kanthawi yonena za achinyamata ambiri amene pang'ono amadziwika, analandira lero likulu la Kazakhstan (ndiye kuti mzinda Wokhulupirika). Ndipo khama wapadera kuphunzira mnyamata anapambana n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi.

nthawi wophunzira

Mu 1904, Frunze ankati St. Petersburg ndipo anadzakhala wophunzira wa University Polytechnic.

Zinali ndiye kuti mnyamatayo anayamba kutenga maganizo mawonekedwe pa dongosolo la ndale mu dziko. Frunze Mihail Vasilevich anasankha chikondi-idealist, zomwe zambiri amathandiza chiphunzitso cha populism. Komabe, nawatanthauzira iwo mu njira yake: sikuti kukhala zothandiza m'mudzi kapena ntchito zabwino kwa mudzi, ntchito angathe kuchitidwa mu mzinda, chinthu chachikulu - athe kutenga kulankhulana ndi ogwira ntchito za mafakitale ndi.

RSDLP

Ndipo patapita nthawi, Frunze maganizo ndale zinasintha kwambiri. Mikhail Vasilievich anali adziwonetsa ngati antigosudarstvennika odzipereka kukhala zigawenga ndi mwachionekere ndi "anasiya" kopendekera. University mnyamata posachedwa napereka poganizira propaganda chosintha.

Mu 1904, Frunze Mihail Vasilevich, ndi chithunzi chimene poyamba osindikizidwa mu mabuku pa mbiriyakale ya USSR, membala wa RSDLP lapansi. Iye anakhala nawo zochitika Choyamba Russian utasintha ndi manja anavulala. Pambuyo pake, kuti Mikhail Frunze mwamphamvu mizu alias "Comrade Arseny" (anzake ambiri kudziwa zina "maitanidwe chizindikiro" - Vasilenko, Trifonich Mikhailov).

Chosintha anachita ntchito mobisa kwa chiwonongeko cha tsarism mu Russia. Posakhalitsa amayamba kukantha ogwira ntchito nsalu mu Ivanovo-Voznesensk, yolimbikitsa chomuzungulira iye gulu zambiri ndithu nawo. Mu mzinda womwewo, Frunze, Mikhail Vasilyevich (dzina lenileni mu "chipani" chilengedwe - Mikhailov, Vasilenko) amalenga Soviet wa anyabasa 'akuluakulu. Kenako, iye mobwerezabwereza ntchito nsanja iyi a ndale pickets, zitsanzo zochitika zapadera.

Kumapeto kwa 1905, Mikhail Vasilyevich, pamodzi ndi anzake kumatanthauza zipolowe zida zomwe kunabuka likulu pa Presnya. Posachedwa tsoka amachitikira Frunze ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko proletariat Vladimirom Ulyanovym. womdziwa awo zimachitika pa lotsatira Party Congress, umene unachitikira ku likulu la Swedish.

Mantha ndi kugwirizana

Kupyolera mu ntchito chosintha, Frunze ankakonda mantha. Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro 1907 Mikhail anayambitsa kuukira kuti analanda Shuyskaya yosindikiza, chifukwa mu mlonda kuonongeka kwa dongosolo. Chiweruzo chosintha anali oposa akulu: kawiri iye kuti aphedwe. Koma amasonyeza chilungamo alephera anthu. Ena mwa nthumwi zake anaona chilango kwambiri kwambiri, kenako akuluakulu a boma zokambirana pochepetsa chilango Frunze. Mikhail anagwidwa ukapolo ntchito ya kalavulagaga, ndiyeno anatumiza kwa Siberia mu udindo wa ku ukapolo (Province Irkutsk).

Ndipo iye anali kukhala mmenemo mpaka mapeto a masiku ake.

Bwererani ku chosintha mobisa

Mu 1916, iye anapulumuka ku ukapolo. Iye koyamba pa Irkutsk, ndiye mu Chita, kumene pansi pa dzina la Vasilenko anakonza ntchito pa kayendetsedwe m'dera resettlement. Koma kumbali ya chipani sitinaiwale za Mikhail Vasilyevich. malo ake anali mmodzi mwa magulu ofunika. Frunze afika ntchito: kupereka ntchito chosintha mu malo a asilikali. Patapita nthawi asilikali anatha kutsimikizira yokha ngati zokopa aluso ndi chosintha. Mu MSONKHANO wosaiwalika kwa dziko 1917 "Trifonich" Ine anamenyana pa mbali ya boma ku Moscow.

pambuyo October

Pamene Bolsheviks anatha kulanda mphamvu mu dziko zasintha ndi chikhalidwe cha ntchito anatenga Frunze Mihail Vasilevich. Chidwi mfundo ku yonena ake okha amatsimikizira kuti iye anangokhala kuti ntchito luso dera ndale. Pamaso pa October kuukira boma, ntchito yake yaikulu inali kulichotsera khalidwe asilikali ndi kupasula mabungwe bourgeois boma. Pambuyo chigonjetso cha Bolsheviks, iye anasankhidwa ndi kazembe Assembly Constituent ku "Kumanzere."

Mu 1918 Frunze walunjika Ivanovo-Voznesensky Provincial Komiti ya RCP (b), ndipo anasankhidwa commissar asilikali a chigawo Ivanovo-Voznesenskaya. Patapita nthawi, Mikhail Vasilyevich akuyang'anira ntchito ya commissar lankhondo la Yaroslavl usilikali District, amene ali pansi lonse zigawo zisanu ndi zitatu.

Atatsala pang'ono kuti, mu Yaroslavl Kupanduka kumene kunachitika ndi boma latsopano, kunali koyenera kwa asilikali okhulupirika Bolshevism, amene adzakhala msana wa Red Army kulimbikitsa ndi Frunze momuzungulira.

Akamanena za ntchito asilikali

Kumene, "Trifonich" alibe waukulu kudziwa ongolankhula mawu kukonzekera woyenera ndi opanda cholakwa ndi khalidwe la ntchito nkhondo. Komabe, Frunze Mihail Vasilevich mu Civil nkhondo anayesa kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru ndi zinachitikira akatswiri ankhondo, ngakhale alonda kale. Iye nthawi zonse pokhudzana ndi anthu okhudzidwa usilikali kuwafunsa malangizo a mmene chitani zinthu zina. Mwachibadwa, Frunze zinathandiza kuti mipata chiphunzitso chake cha luso la kumenyana ndi mabuku apadera. mwanjira ina, koma kuti Mikhail anali ndi makhalidwe utsogoleri, kotero anatha kusonkhanitsa ndi kutsogolera detachments yambiri ya Red Army, kukayikira izo Kungakhale kulakwitsa. Sanazengereze kutenga mfuti ndi chitsanzo kusonyeza momwe mukufuna kuthana ndi mdani. Ndipo chifukwa cha kumenyana mu 1919 pafupi Ufa Frunze iye ali concussion.

Koma mtengo waukulu chosintha anali chakuti iye anali wokhoza mwamsanga kukhazikitsa ndi oyang'anira ntchito ndodo ndi kuukitsa kulera mavuto mwadzidzidzi.

Apambana kutsogolo

Mu 1919, "Trifonich" anatsogolera 4 Army ya kum'mawa Front, ndipo unatenga ulamuliro wa Southern Gulu la asilikali, amene analowa kukana kwa magulu White Alonda a asilikali Kolchak. Frunze anakhala angapo bwino ntchito ya asilikaliwo (Buguruskansky, Belebeyskaya, Ufa), zomwe zinachititsa kuti malo White anali woyamba anangolemba Urals, ndiyeno ku Siberia.

Ndiye Mikhail anali pa Turkestan kutsogolo. Iye anali wokhoza kuswa atazunguliridwa ndi kumasula m'chigawo Turkestan azungu. Frunze anagonjetsa nkhondo ndi Orenburzhskoy osiyana, osiyana Ural, South, makamu Semerechinskoy.

Mu gawo lotsatira la ntchito ya usilikali Mikhail Pomenya nkhondo wake patsogolo pa kum'mwera ndi General Wrangel. Pambuyo Civil nkhondo, Frunze atatchuka ngati mkulu polimbana ndi Ural Cossacks, Kolchak ndi Wrangel.

Kumayambiriro 20 "Trifonich" anamenyera mu Ukraine ndi umbanda ndi detachments Makhno, kumene iye anawomberedwa.

ntchito zina

Pamene zinali nsonga za atasemphana ndale pakati Stalin ndi Trotsky, Frunze walunjika likulu la Red Army nakhala wothandizira kwa wapampando wa Chiwukirano usilikali Council wa USSR. Patapita nthawi, iye anapatsidwa positi udindo wa Commissar Anthu Yoona za usilikali ndipo Naval. M'njira imeneyi, iye anapitiriza kusintha asilikali pa nthawi opaleshoni ya Trotsky. Komabe, Mikhail sanali ndikhale magulu Stalin, kutsatira ndale atasemphana usilikali.

Koma "Trifonovich" khamu yapamwamba yaikulu, omwe sakanakhoza koma chifukwa nkhawa za anthu andale a USSR.

imfa

Iye anafa mu chaka cha 1925 pa tebulo ya opareshoni. Posachedwapa, Frunze sefani ululu m'mimba. Madokotala mobwerezabwereza olembedwa Mikhail Vasilyevich magazi mkati. Malingana ndi madokotala, chifukwa cha imfa inali ambiri magazi poizoni.