Dongosolo Extrapyramidal: matenda extrapyramidal

dongosolo extrapyramidal   - ubongo maukonde mu dongosolo chapakati mantha, zomwe si kudutsa dongosolo corticospinal kapena pyramidal, koma Komabe, nthawi ndi amazilamulira kuyenda. Choncho ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha zosagwiritsa. A maukonde ubongo aumbike mwa zigawo ubongo monga pons ndi medulla oblongata, kupitiriza chingwe msana.

Amatchedwa njira yozungulira ya kutsegula kwa ntchito galimoto, dongosolo extrapyramidal makamaka nawo ulamuliro wa bwino, kuyenda, kaimidwe, minofu kamvekedwe, bongo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene munthu ayesa kusunga kaimidwe (iye wakhala kapena waima), ndiye panthawi iyi mu ntchito yolongosoka kwambiri minofu. mgwirizano uno ali m'manja zotsalira za njira extrapyramidal, womwe vestibular-msana njira tektospinalnogo thirakiti reticulospinal thirakiti thirakiti rubrospinalnogo.

Kumbali ya zamoyo a dongosolo extrapyramidal dongosolo amakezana zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe n'zovuta kufotokoza, mu gawo chifukwa cha nkhani ya njira zake zikuluzikulu ndi mayankho zingwe zopota. Komabe, zingakhale   Iwo agawidwa zigawo zitatu   Control: yokhudza kotekisi mozungulira njira, feedbacks ndi zithunzi, Makutu, vestibular njira.

Anatomically dongosolo extrapyramidal   Amakhala ndi mikoko manyuroni mu tsinde ubongo, kuphatikizapo phata wofiira, chapamwamba tokhala quadrigemina, reticular mapangidwe, vestibular phata. Large wofiira phata axons kupanga thirakiti rubrospinalny, kuthandiza kuchepetsa kayendedwe ka miyendo chapamwamba. Vestibular mtima kugwirizana ndi makutu wamkati, cerebellum ndi chingwe msana, potero kupanga vestibular-msana thirakiti kwa postural owongolera khosi, mutu, torso ndi miyendo. tokhala Upper quadrigemina zimapanga thirakiti tektospinalny n'kofunika kusonyeza kayendedwe ka mutu ndi maso (monga kutsekedwa chikope pamaso thupi yachilendo limalowera mu diso). Pomaliza, mapangidwe reticular ndi udindo thirakiti reticulospinal nawo ulamuliro akulu.

zinthu zina kapena matenda zimakhudza dongosolo extrapyramidal, zimachitika matenda a minofu kamvekedwe, kaimidwe, matenda reflex. chiwerengero zizindikiro, amatchedwa matenda monga extrapyramidal, kapena zizindikiro extrapyramidal (EPS) anati chifukwa cha mankhwala neuroleptic kuti kukhala ndi ubongo ndi njira zake. Antipsychotics ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda psychotic monga akuchita misala, matenda schizoaffective kapena psychotic maganizo.

Zitsanzo za EBL - akinesia, akathisia, torticollis, dyskinesia, dystonia. Ndi matenda extrapyramidal monga "kalulu syndrome," akuwonetseredwa pafupipafupi musanaganizire rhythmic kayendedwe perioral minofu, amene amayamba ndi yaitali madyedwe a neuroleptics. syndrome Izi ambiri pozigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali mankhwala monga haloperidol, pimozide, fluphenazine, olanzopin, clozapine, risperidone. Mwatsoka, izo si kophweka kuchiza. Pamene wodwala akusowa mankhwala antipsychotic, akhoza amalangiza atypical antipsychotics - kvetialin, remoxipride, phwando lomwe zambiri zokayikitsa kukhala chifukwa cha "syndrome kalulu".

syndrome Extrapyramidal amachititsa kayendedwe musanaganizire minofu kapena spasms wa nkhope ndi khosi. Akufotokozera pamene kufala kwa mtundu dopamine insufficiently malamulo. Munthu akhoza amadwala matenda extrapyramidal chifukwa analandira zoopsa ubongo choipa kapena matenda Parkinson, koma chifukwa ndicho anakwiya mankhwala antipsychotic. Chithandizo n'kofunika, mwinamwake ndi siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo pa nthawi kukhala zovuta. Chithandizo nthawi umalimbana akudzizindikiritsa ndi kuchotsa zoyambitsazo.