Kodi minofu kamvekedwe?

Minofu kamvekedwe - mmodzi wa katundu thupi la thupi. Chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe ichi sichinasinthidwe anakhazikitsa, koma pali maganizo osiyanasiyana omwe unachitikira ndi akatswiri. Minofu mavuto pa mpumulo angakhudzidwe ndi zinthu zina kapena matenda ya ubongo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya kudwala: hypertonicity ndi hypotonia. Nkhaniyi zofunikila tione zizindikiro zawo ndi mankhwala.

Mtengo wa minofu kamvekedwe

Zimandilimbikitsa minofu kukungika - yachibadwa zokhudza thupi mkhalidwe wa thupi, yomwe ikuchitika pa mlingo reflex. Popanda izo, sizingatheke kuchita magulu ambiri, komanso kukhala malo a thupi. Minofu kamvekedwe amasunga thupi okonzeka kuchitapo kanthu. Ichi ndi cholinga chachikulu cha izo.

ndi limagwirira minofu kamvekedwe mu yachibadwa chiyani? Ngati pa gulu amatenda ulusi onse a nsalu, mpumulo zinditsata mzake. Ngakhale yomangika limodzi, ena mpumulo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ndondomeko likukhudza boma psycho-maganizo a munthu. Mwachitsanzo, kuchepa minofu kamvekedwe amachepetsa Mwachangu ndi kumachitika makamaka akagona. State limodzi ndi kupanda mantha chachilengedwe: kwambiri kumachepetsa chisangalalo kwambiri.

minofu kamvekedwe lamulo ikuchitika ntchito alpha- ndi Popanga madzi a gamma-motoneurons, ndi afferents spindle. The nyemba akubwera kuchokera ku ubongo. Pakuti yokonza minofu kamvekedwe kukumana ndi ganglia woyambira, cerebellum, midbrain (wofiira phata, substantia nigra, quadrigemina, reticular mapangidwe). Ngati amakhudza manyuroni amachititsa mavuto zimandilimbikitsa uka zolakwikazo: hypotension kapena matenda oopsa minofu.

Matenda akuluakulu

kusintha kamvekedwe angayambe zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri ndi matenda ya ubongo kapena kuipidwa boma psycho-maganizo. Polankhula nkhani ya kuphwanya minofu kamvekedwe katswiriyu kapena zamafupa. Bwino oterewa, achite chiphasochi. Amaweruza minofu mavuto omasuka ndiponso chabe kayendedwe mothandizidwa ndi mayesero apadera: dontho mutu, supination-pronation, kupeta mwendo, kugwirana mapewa ndi ena.

Yenderani kovuta: aliyense wodwala ingathandize kumasuka. Pa nthawi yomweyo zofunika ndi Choyenereza la dokotala - kuwunika chikhalidwe amakhudza liwiro kayendedwe chabe. Mwina skew zotsatira ndi zinthu zina: minofu kamvekedwe lisinthike mchikakamizo cha kutentha, ndi ulemu maganizo. The mavuto ambiri amafuna kachiwiri bwinobwino.

Tonus ana pansi chaka chimodzi

Chipatso cha m'mimba kwambiri, kotero kuti minofu onse mu mavuto nthawi zonse. Atabadwa mwana anaona hypertonicity thupi. Pankhaniyi, mutu n'kuponyedwanso ndi miyendo ndi manja amapatsidwa kwa thupi.

Pa zimene minofu ndi silikuyenda bwino, bwanji malo a mwana m'mimba ndi ndondomeko kubadwa. Mwachitsanzo, pamene praevia munthu kochulukira kamvekedwe ka khosi (khanda chitaya mutu wake kumbuyo). Pa udindo "kutsogolo matako" miyendo mwana linalimbikitsa popanda kupanga makona 90 °. Pakama, mwana kuyesera bwino yoopsa malo.

Matendawa kamvekedwe ana

Kudzera bwinobwino dokotala kapena katswiriyu za mmene mwanayo minofu kamvekedwe ndi mbali zotsatirazi:

• Mu mwezi 1 mwana atagona mmimba mwake, kuyesera kudzutsa mutu amagwira kwa masekondi angapo. Miyendo zimapangitsa kayendedwe flexion ngati kukwawa. Ngati ife mmalo mkono phazi, adzakhala amaipidwa ndi izo.
• Ndi miyezi 3 akale mwana akugwirizira mutu wake molimba mtima. Ngati inu mungakweze izo woongoka, miyendo adzapanga kayendedwe monga kuyenda. mwana A angadalire wapansi. Ngati inu anamuika iye pa nsana wake ndi kukoka chogwirira, kudzadzidzimutsa pa magulu awo.
• Mpaka miyezi 6 mwana ipitirirabe pa m'mimba kupita kumbuyo, kuyesera kuti akwere pamwamba pa miyendo inayi, atagwira zinthu zazing'ono.
• Pofika chaka cha mwana wakhala molimba, kuyesera kuyenda ndi thandizo la yekha, akufotokozera luso zabwino za galimoto.

Ngati mwana sangathe kupanga chilichonse cha zimene chifukwa cha mavuto kwambiri, kapena, Tikawonetsetsa kufooka kwa thupi, kulankhula za kudwala. Komanso, dokotala amayankha ndi chosokonekera kamvekedwe. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, alternately kupindika-anaweramuka manja ndi miyendo ya mwanayo. Yotsatira ndi kayendedwe mwakhama kugwedeza osiyana. Zopatuka mwakale imatengedwa hypotonia, hypertonia, kupitiriza ngakhale akagona ndi dystonia.

Mitundu ndi zimayambitsa Hyper chitukuko

Kuchuluka minofu kamvekedwe uoneke m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Akatswiri kusiyanitsa:

• Spasticity - akufotokozera chifukwa ubongo zoopsa ndi kuvulala msana, matenda oumitsa khosi, encephalopathy, khunyu la ubongo, ofoola ziwalo, matenda opha ziwalo. Yodziwika ndi yogawa m'goli la hypertonicity, kuphipha atadziŵa yekha magulu ena a minofu.
• Kuchulukitsa malamulo - kuwonjezeka lakuthwa mu chigoba minofu kamvekedwe, vutolo limachitika kwa matenda mantha dongosolo, kanthu poizoni wa ziphe ena.
• Gegenhalten - kwambiri kuwonjezera kukana minofu pa kayendedwe chabe mtundu uliwonse. Vutolo limachitika mogwirizana ndi zotupa wa kapepalako corticospinal kapena wosanganiza mu zigawo mazunzo a ubongo.
• Myotonia - amakhala ndi slowdown ulesi minofu yomangika pambuyo kayendedwe yogwira.
• Psychogenic oopsa - anapanga "osaneneka Arc" pa kuyima pa.

Ana chifukwa cha zoopsa Hyper kubadwa, hypoxia pa ntchito, kuwonongeka kwa wamanjenje dongosolo ndi ubongo, kakhosi, irritability kwambiri kapena ofuntha.

zizindikiro za Hyper

Oopsa chimaoneka mu mnofu wa nkhawa kwambiri mu mkhalidwe omasuka. Matendawa akhoza kuzindikiridwa ndi makhalidwe awa:

• ndichepe mu galimoto ntchito, stiffness mu minofu;
• zisindikizo;
• kumverera kwa mavuto nthawi zonse;
• kupweteka;
• omangana;
• kukana minofu pa kayendedwe chabe;
• ana akulira, irritability, kuchuluka minofu kukana pa mobwerezabwereza kayendedwe flexion-kutambasuka;
• mu malo woongoka ndi mapazi thandizo pa phazi amayikanikiza mwana mwa kukhala pa tiptoe;
• deceleration ya galimoto kukula kwa mwanayo (sakubwerera, si kukwawa, si kupita anamuyika wa zaka).

Zindikirani gipertonus wamkulu kapena mwana zovuta mu masiteji lochepa kwambiri. Kusintha gait, zochita akutsatiridwa stiffly movutikira kwambiri. Ana pa nthawi yomweyo clamped ndipo anatambasula, nthawi zambiri kulira ndi kugona zoipa, momvetsa anatani iliyonse, ngakhale phokoso pang'ono. Atatha kudya mvula kusanza zimachitika.

Zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za minofu hypotension

Ofooka minofu kamvekedwe amakhala ndi nsalu otsika voteji mu mkhalidwe omasuka, chifukwa chimene izo zakhala zovuta kuwalowetsa kanthu. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa kuwonongeka kapena matenda a chingwe msana, cerebellum kapena matenda extrapyramidal ndi zotupa cerebellar. Zimachitika ndi khunyu, imene mongoyembekezera yafupika minofu kamvekedwe. Izi zimachitika mu gawo pachimake cha sitiroko kapena sekondale zotupa ubongo.

Ofooka minofu kamvekedwe ana ndi zochepa wamba matenda oopsa. chikuoneka akhoza zidzayambike ndi prematurity, anachedwa Kukula kwa ubongo, zotumphukira mitsempha kuwonongeka pa ndondomeko kubadwa, vuto lobadwa, ozerezeka, rickets.

Symptomatic hypotension minofu ana ndi:

• ulesi, pa-omasuka boma;
• matenda kupuma, kulephera kumeza, akuyamwitsa;
• osauka thupi ntchito;
• kwambiri tulo, osauka kunenepa.

Kulakwila minofu kamvekedwe motsogozedwa kuchepa ake zingaoneke mu mukadzakula. Kuti izi kaŵirikaŵiri kumayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana: akulu dystrophy, sepsis, rickets, kakhosi, Sandifer syndrome. Chikhalidwe limodzi ndi kufooka kwa thupi, yafupika kukana pamene kupanga magulu chabe. Mafupa mu flexion paokha unbend, minofu, wofewa kwambiri.

Akulu dystonia akuluakulu ndi ana

Pamene dystonia minofu kamvekedwe pali m'goli. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali zizindikiro za onse hypotension ndi matenda oopsa. Zizindikiro zazikulu za dystonia ana ndi akulu ndi:

• kwambiri mavuto a minofu zina ndi zosangalatsa za ena;
• chonsechi chidule;
• kayendedwe musanaganizire wa miyendo kapena manja;
• mwachangu kapena pang'onopang'ono kayendedwe ka ziwalo payekha.

Mukhale chikhalidwe chifukwa chibadwa, matenda opatsirana, zoopsa kubadwa, kuledzera kwambiri.

chithandizo

Minofu kamvekedwe n'kofunika matenda nthawi, makamaka ana. Kukula kwa zizindikiro kumabweretsa kusokoneza kayendedwe, kupindika msana, oziziritsa ziwalo, anachedwa chitukuko. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira

• kutikita minofu kamvekedwe amapereka zotsatira zabwino izi sitiroko minofu, knead, kutambasula, kuphunzitsa mphamvu zawo, kupanga magulu thupi (flexion-kutambasuka);
• physiotherapy mu T H madzi ..;
• Physiotherapy: electrophoresis, ultrasound, mankhwala ndi kutentha, madzi ndi muds;
• mu milandu yovuta, ntchito mankhwala, Pakati awerenge B mavitamini, dibazol, Mydocalmum.

Pamene inu mukuyesera kumasuka minofu hypertonia ntchito zikwapu zoopsa machiritso, wofatsa kutikita motsatizana. Ngati hypotension amapezeka M'malo mwake, yotithandiza kayendedwe galimoto, minofu kamvekedwe anachita Zochita. Njinga ntchito kwambiri bwino mmene wodwalayo.

Kulakwila minofu kamvekedwe - vuto wamba mu makanda ndi akulu ndi matenda ya ubongo. N'zosavuta kuchitira mothandizidwa ndi kutikita, osachepera - mankhwala. Sayenda zinayambanso kuyenda bwino, osati kufufuza wakukhala vuto. Chinthu chachikulu - nthawi kuyamba chithandizo, osalola kuswa ndi zolakwika mu chitukuko cha mafupa ndi minofu.