Dzhuzeppe Madzini: yonena ndi mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo

Dzhuzeppe Madzini - wotchuka wa ku Italy wandale, nzeru zapamwamba, wolemba ndi patriot, amene anachita mbali zofunika kwambiri pa chiyambi cha kumasulidwa dziko la zana la 19. Iye ankalimbikitsa ufulu wa munthu munthu ndipo ananena kuti mayiko onse European ayenera kukhala wolingana ndi mfulu, chifukwa pomwe izi kwa iwo ndi Mulungu. Pa moyo wake anapatsa chiyembekezo cha ufulu ndi kufanana kwa dziko, amene anali mobwerezabwereza anamangidwa ndi kutumizidwa ku ukapolo.

Banja ndi Education

Banja Dzhuzeppe Madzini ankakhala Genoa, umene panthawi imeneyo unali mchikakamizo cha Napoleon. Atate wa wandale tsogolo ankadziwika sing'anga ndi pulofesa wa thunthu. maphunziro koyamba ndi maphunziro analandira kunyumba Giuseppe. Iye ankaphunzira mabuku French, makamaka romanticism, komanso olemba chidwi ndi mfulu ndi demokalase maganizo -. Zhorzh Sand, Viktorom Gyugo, Edgar Quinet ndi ena anachita chidwi ndi maganizo a ufulu, azimai mwayi wofanana ndi kumasulidwa dziko osati kwa Italy komanso ambiri ku Ulaya ndi dziko.

Patapita zaka zingapo, Giuseppe akulowa mphamvu ya chilamulo cha University of Genoa. Nditamaliza maphunziro ake anaganiza kudzipereka kwa ntchito zolembalemba, makamaka akuyamba ntchito ndi magazini osiyanasiyana ndi ofalitsa zolembalemba. Pa ntchito yake anakumana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana, ndipo akuyamba kumvetsetsa kwambiri zimene zinachitikira kunapezeka kuti dziko lake. Iye analemba kwambiri za izo, ndi chidwi ndi ndale m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya, komanso kuganizira zimene tingachite kuti kusintha zinthu kwa bwino.

Changu ndale

Wambiri ya Dzhuzeppe Madzini limasonyeza kuti akhale bwino wolemba ndi amisiri, ngati osati chifukwa zowawa zake maganizo dziko ndi malingaliro a ufulu. Ngakhale Italy avutika kugawikana ndi mavuto andale amene nkhawa kwambiri Dzhuzeppe Madzini. Chidwi zokhudza mbiri ake akusonyeza kuti ngakhale ali ndi zaka 20, anakhala membala wa bungwe chinsinsi cha Carbonari, koma mapeto ake pa izo, monga malingaliro ubale anapezeka zinthu za nzeru zakuthupi, amene anakana.

Chifukwa cha zochita zake, iye anamangidwa, kenako anali ku ukapolo, komwe anakhala moyo wake, choyamba mu France ndiyeno Switzerland ndi England. Ngakhale izi, sanapereke maganizo ao ndi akupitiriza kukhulupirira mu ufulu ndi ufulu wa dziko lawo.

Maganizo ndi zikhulupiriro

Dzhuzeppe Madzini ankakhulupirira kuti kusintha nkhani zandale mu Italy n'chotheka kudzera kusintha. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti yomasula dziko amayenera Italy, komanso ku Ulaya. Iye ananena kuti amakonda dziko lake chifukwa chakuti amakonda mayiko onse, ndi onse a iwo ayenera kukhala wopanda.

Kolingana wake, mitundu yonse European ayenera kukhala wolingana ndi kukhala pa mawu wochezeka, chifukwa ichi ndi chomwe Mulungu amafuna. Iye anali kukhulupirira kuti ufulu ndi ufulu kuti mwana'yo mwa mayiko kapena mphatso kwa olamulira. Iye ankanena kuti mu zaka za m'ma 20, lingaliro la ufulu ayenera kupita kutsidya m'mphepete mwa Europe ndi kupitirira. Kamodzi maziko a ku Asia ndi Africa mfundo zambiri chosintha. Ufulu kukhulupirira tsogolo labwino ndi demokalase - ichi ndi chinachake chimene nthawizonse zakhala zofunika kwa Dzhuzeppe Madzini. Photos akusonyeza izo sizikanakhoza kukhala bwino.

"Young Italy"

Mu 1831, Dzhuzeppe Madzini anayambitsa chinsinsi bungwe "Young Italy", omwe cholinga chawo chinali kuti Italy ogwirizana, free ndi ufulu wodzilamulira chifuniro ndi mawonekedwe Republican boma. Pambuyo pake, mabungwe awa anayamba kuoneka m'mayiko ena, monga "Young Germany", "Young Switzerland" ndi ena.

Mu 1833, Mazzini anali membala ndi kulinganiza chachikulu cha nkhondo ya Piedmont. ulendo uno zinalephereka ndipo Mazzini anachotsedwa France, ndi gulu "Young Italy" anawonongedwa. Chaka chotsatira, chifukwa Mazzini bungwe lina - ndi "Young Europe" omwe ankazunza zolinga zofanana. Komabe, zimenezi anasonyeza kuti zinalephereka. Monga Switzerland, Mazzini anatsegula «La jeune Suisse» magazini, koma makonsolo anagwira wofalitsa, ndipo anthu ake onse, kuphatikizapo Mazzini, kachiwiri anathamangitsidwa m'dziko lapansi. Pothawa apolisi, Mazzini anapita ku London, kumene iye anayambitsa bungwe lina "Union antchito Italy," amene anali nthambi zake m'mayiko ambiri European.

Kukwera

Pamene 1848 ku Italy, akuyamba zisinthe Mazzini anabwerera kuchokera ku ukapolo ndipo anayambitsa nyuzipepala «L'Italia del popolo», komanso wina bungwe «Associazione nationale», amene akulimbikitsa maganizo za mayiko ambiri. M'kupita kwa zisinthe, makamaka kugwa kwa Milan, Mazzini anali membala wa kumuwombera Garibaldi, kenako anasankhidwa membala ndipo mutu wa triumvirate lapansi. Pamene zinadziwika kuti boma ndi mpata ndipo inu kupita kukambirana ndi France ndi kutenga Rome, Mazzini anasiya malo ake ndi kumanzere kwa London.

Moyo pambuyo zisinthe

Mu 1870 ku Sicily ndi chipani chosintha akuyamba. Mazzini ankakhulupirira pang'ono bwino ogwira ntchito izi, koma anapita ku chilumba. Pa ulendo Sicily mwachindunji pa nyanja, anamangidwa ndipo anatumizidwa ku Gaeta. Patadutsa miyezi iwiri m'ndende, atamasulidwa, koma pokhapokha ankasiya Italy. Iye anavomera ndipo anasamukira ku moyo mu Switzerland, kumene akupitirizabe ntchito yake chosintha, komanso kutsegula wina nyuzipepala - «La Roma del Popolo».

Patapita zaka ziwiri, Giuseppe abwelela Italy Koma pa ulendo mwa Alps, iye anagwira chaukali ozizira ndipo anafa mwadzidzidzi mu Pisa m'nyumba ya mmodzi wa mabwenzi ake. Giuseppe anaikidwa kwawo ku Genoa. Pamaliro wake anali anthu oposa zikwi 50, ndipo kenako iye mtembowo inasanduka chionetsero kupokanyisana na boma.

Dzhuzeppe Madzini - mmodzi wa otchuka pa ndale ndi kanjedza pagulu la Italy m'zaka 19. Iye anakhulupirira mwa ufulu ndi ufulu m'dziko lawo komanso mu yomasula dziko mayiko onse European. Pa moyo wake anakhazikitsa mabungwe ambiri chinsinsi ndi manyuzipepala kuti athane ndi demokalase ndi ufulu dziko. Khama lake, Guiseppe mobwerezabwereza anamangidwa, koma ngakhale izi, mpaka mapeto a moyo wake sanali kusiya zikhulupiriro zawo ndi malingaliro.