IAAF - ndichiyani? Mbiri ya chilengedwe ndi chitukuko cha bungwe

M'nkhani limeneli muphunzira za International Association wa zamijaha IAAF. Ndi chiyani icho? Monga chidule izi lake? M'mikhalidwe yotani, bungwe unakhazikitsidwa? Zonsezi Adzaperekedwa pansipa.

Mwambo wa zamijaha chimayendera IAAF

"Shaw ndi pamasewera!" - anafuula mu omvera Roma m'bwalo lalikulu la maseŵera. Ngati "mfumu ya masewera" - izi ndi mpira, ndi "mfumukazi" - kumene, zamijaha. Izi view zochititsa chidwi wa mpikisano, kusonkhanitsa mabwalo zonse anali kuonerera mamiliyoni mafani TV ndi panthawi ya 47 mitundu (amalanga). Wotchuka kwambiri ndi:

• 60 Mamita m'nyumba ndi mamita 100 Mabwalo a;
• mpikisano (42 Km 195 m);
• Various kudumpha, patatu ndi kutalika;
• discus, nthungo, nyundo, kuwombera kuika;
• mavuto (60, 100, mamita 110);
• steeplechase - steeplechase pa mamita 3000, kuswa dzenje ndi mipiringidzo madzi ndi chotchinga;
• kuyenda kudutsa;
• heptathlon akazi ndi decathlon kwa amuna.

Monga zamijaha zochititsa chidwi angayerekezedwe yekha Games Olympic, pulogalamu waukulu umene ali gawo. The mitundu ikuluikulu mfumukazi ya masewera ikuchitikira ku sitediyamu Olympic zazikulu mphindi kwambiri za khalidwe lawo.

IAAF - ndichiyani?

Kuti zonse mabogi ndi akatswiri, Championship, kukhazikitsa mfundo yunifolomu malamulo onse, kuchita kuti apindule, kusunga malipoti ndi mabodza, tiyenera makonzedwe chapakati onse. Aliyense m'dziko limene pali gawo la masewera othamanga, anapanga federations mayiko, amene amakhala mu chitaganya umodzi pansi pa dzina "International Association wa zamijaha» (IAAF).

Pambuyo pa mapeto a mpikisano pa Games Olympic mu 1912 ku Stockholm (Sweden) anaganiza msonkhano kuvomereza padziko lonse malamulo chilengedwe mpikisano masewerawo. Zotsatira zake zinali M'mayiko kwakung'ono zamasewera Federation. IAAF - ndichiyani?

Development wa mauthenga, akuchuluka mu masewera a infusions ndalama, mtundu wa mayina kuwonetsa akadali kusintha limodzi la mawu popanda kusintha chidule IAAF. Choncho, mu 2001 tinalandira dzina kuti amalimbikira mpaka pano - ndi International Association wa zamijaha Federations (IAAF). Ndi chiyani icho? Kodi ali nalo bungwe ndi amene ali pa helm chiyani?

Mbiri ya chitukuko gulu

Pa Congress loyamba la kwakung'ono zamijaha anapezeka m'mayiko okwana 17, chibwenzi pali oposa mazana awiri. Mu Berlin, mu 1913, Congress ovomerezeka m'malamulo a bungwe, amene kale zinkapezeka 34 federations dziko. Pulezidenti woyamba anasankhidwa Sigfrid Edström ku Sweden. M'dziko lomwelo izo linaikidwa likulu la Chitaganya cha patadutsa zaka 30. Mu 1914 Lyon (France), kumene iwo anapangitsa msonkhano wachitatu, analengeza woyamba malamulo mpikisano lonse, amene anali kutenga mabungwe yonse kuphunzitsa othamanga awo m'bwalolo mayiko a katswiri dziko ndi Olympic.

Mu 1946 likulu anasamukira zaka 40 ku England. Pa msonkhano wotsatira ku Stuttgart (1993), anaganiza kaye ofesi chapakati cha Federation of m'madera ozizira ndi mvula malo otentha ndi yapamwamba ku Southern Europe (kukopa othandizira). Chaka chomwecho, likulu anasamukira ku ukulu wa Monaco, kumene United Nations ali, Interpol, OSCE, UNESCO, WHO ndi ena opezeka m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi, mutu wa IAAF ndi chabwino wothamanga m'ma Sebastian Coe (Great Britain). Yopapatiza malire a mavoti Sergei Bubka awiri sanapeze pa mpando wa Pulezidenti. Ambuye Coe analandira mwayi chifukwa akudziwa zambiri mu nkhani zandale.

The IAAF

IAAF Council tichipeza mamembala 21, msungichuma (udindo umene unali Russian Valentin Balahnichev), wachiwiri-mapulezidenti, woyamba kapena aulemu wotsatila mutsogoleli wadziko ndi pulezidenti wa boma.

The hayala wa bungwe ovomerezedwa ndi 14 zolinga zabwino ndithu. Ndinakopeka ogula, yolembedwa mwamwambo mgwirizano mgwirizano ndi kampani "Adidas", "Toyota", "Seiko", "Canan", TDK, mafuta kampani "Sinopec" ndi VTB Bank (yotsirizira kutsazikana mgwirizanowo chifukwa cha milandu ndi timu Russian).

Polemekeza Association centenary March 8, 2012 pa Congress mu Istanbul Pulezidenti Lamine Diack (wothamanga, wandale, bambo wa ana 15) linatsegulidwa pa IAAF Hall Omveka. Zamijaha walandira wozungulira atsopano chitukuko.

Kodi kukhala membala wa IAAF?

Muyezo chifukwa kulowa mu mndandanda wa othamanga bwino nthawi zonse ndi kupezeka kwa mendulo awiri agolide (Olympic kapena anapambana pa kupeza katswiri dziko). Kuyenera zaka zosachepera 10 kuchokera tsiku pantchito yake. othamanga chapadera popeza Soviet Union, nyenyezi ya masewera dziko ndi: Valery Brumel, SERGEY Bubka, Vladimir Golubnichy Natalia Lisovskaya, Yanis Lusis, Victor Saneev, Yuriy Sedykh, Tatiana Kazankin, Vladimir Kuts, SERGEY Litvinov, Irina Press.

Organization m'zonse akufotokozera ndi kulimbikitsa zamijaha, moona masewera, kupezeka kwa zamasewera Magulu onse, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu, khungu, mtundu chipembedzo. Kumene, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pa nthawi ino.

Development wa zamijaha lero

Sport lero - si vuto lililonse thupi maphunziro Zochita kukhala ndi thanzi ndi zochita za anthu. Ichi ndi chilakolako chofuna kutchuka, ulamuliro, zokhota zauve lalikulu mabungwe, bookmakers ndi atolankhani moguls. Mu kutsimikizira izi anali otayika chifukwa cha ananena doping kumuyalutsa gulu lonse la Russia pa masewera othamanga.

Gulu sankandilola Olimpiki mu 2016 ndipo anaimitsa kaye ku mpikisano padziko lonse kwa zaka ziwiri. Tsopano mankhwala zafika pamlingo wotere kotero kuti akhoza sakuyenererera aliyense wachinyamata, kumwa zakumwa mphamvu ndi ena yogurt thovu, kuphatikiza onse grandmothers ndi chimfine amene adagula mankhwala okhala ndi mankhwala oletsedwa Anti-Doping Agency. Ndi zomvetsa chisoni kuti mfundo anali pamwamba masewera chilungamo.

IAAF nkhani iliyonse lero si kumwedwa popanda chilolezo cha mabungwe amene ali kutali masewera. Ambiri othamanga wotchuka n'chifukwa ntchito yake itatha.