Jeep "Willys": mbali ndi chithunzi

Jeep "Willys" - nthano galimoto, anadutsa njira kuchokera Volga ndi Berlin, anawoloka m'chipululu cha Africa, kuyenda nkhalango Asian. mfundo zake ndi maziko kwa chilengedwe cha SUVs ano. "Willis" anali tate wa magalimoto apamwamba kalasi, amene lero kudziwika ndi dzina "Jeep".

Jeep "Willys": mbiri ya chilengedwe

Popeza 30s wa asilikali US anayamba kusonyeza chodziwa chidwi motorcars wa permeability Kumwambamwamba, amene m'malo mwa panopa ukalamba zombo magalimoto kuwala asilikali. NKHONDO yoyamba ya ku Ulaya anakankha America kuti iziyenda mwamsanga. Pa nkhani imeneyi, ya amafuna zofunika luso kwa magalimoto a m'tsogolo, amene ayenera kumasulira mu chowonadi.

Automakers zimadziŵa kuti polandirira msonkho ngati kuti ndi pansi zinthu ziliri ndale analonjeza kubwerera wabwino. Choncho, kulimbana mtima kwa kupanga SUVs, analengeza usilikali US, 135 makampani analowa. Koma pamaso chomaliza anali kukwaniritsa atatu okha "American Bantam", "Ford Njinga Company" ndi "Willys pamtunda," amene anakhoza kulenga prototypes lenileni kuti zosoŵa za usilikali. Chifukwa, aliyense wa makampani awa alandiranso lamulo kubala mayunitsi 1,500 SUV ake.

kudziwa kusankha

Pamene zinadziwika kuti Achimereka sadzatha kukhala kutali nkhondo, mu July 1941 anaganiza kumasula wina, ndi mtanda lalikulu galimoto kuchokera msewu, wopangidwa mwa magalimoto 16,000. Koma kachiwiri panali funso la kusankha pakati tidaipanga atatu.

Choyamba, mamba adagadabula motsogozedwa "Ford" ngati automaker waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Koma ndiye funso linauka ndalama za makina. Kunapezeka kuti SUV, akufuna "Ford", ndi wofunika kwambiri kuposa onse - zokolola zake asamalidwe madola 788. Pang'ono mtengo mtengo, "Bantam" - madola 782. Otsika mtengo inaperekedwa "Willys pamtunda," amene imawunikidwa phindu la makina ake mu dollar 738,74, ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti asilikali Jeep "Jeep" anali ndi ntchito bwino kuposa SUVs mpikisano.

Zikuoneka kuti mapeto anali zoonekeratu, koma asilikali akukayikira kuti kampani adzatha kusunga mkati mwachindunji munthawi, monga choncho sizinali zabwino kwambiri. Point pankhaniyi kuika Bill Knutson - Katswiri American m'munda wa magalimoto misa limapanga, anathandiza candidacy a "Willys pamtunda."

July 23, 1941 ndi "Willys pamtunda" zinasaina pangano kubala 16,000 magalimoto. Ndipo mu August, ndi Jeep "Willys" (m'munsimu muli chithunzi) pambuyo angapo patsogolo wakhala wokonzeka kuchita ntchito kuŵeta, ndi kuti dzina - Willys MB Add Index.

Boma ukonde chitetezo

Concern "Willys pamtunda," ataima pa anangotsala pang'ono bankirapuse ndipo sanathe kugonjetsa dongosolo siriyo a nkhondo, kotero boma anaganiza otetezeka ndi kupereka cheke zina pa yopanga Mabaibulo SUVs kampani chodalirika - "Ford Njinga".

mwini wa kampani walola dongosolo lalikulu boma, ngakhale kuti "Ford" amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito injini choyambirira yopanga makina awo, anagula kwa "Willys pamtunda." zolembedwa pa Willys MB amene anaperekedwa buku la akatswiri "Ford", ndipo kumayambiriro 1942, gulu anapezerapo SUV mnzake, yosapitirira otchedwa Ford GPW.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, "Willys pamtunda" opangidwa za 363.000 SUVs. "Ford Njinga" anachita kuti asilikali chifukwa makina 280.000. Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo chiyambi cha ulimi siriyo wa SUV magalimoto anapita ogwirizana - choyamba British ndiyeno mbali Soviet.

Kufala Ntchito SUV asilikali

Panjira, ngakhale galimoto m'misewu, Jeep "Willys" Ine zinthu moyenera kwambiri. Inapita patsogolo mofulumira, Ine lankhosa bwino, pang'onopang'ono anagonjetsa msewu. Khalidweli bwino anapereka "kumachita" kufala SUV.

Chonyamulira amafotokozera "Willis" chimango spar anali wolumikizana kudzera akasupe ndi absorbers mantha zina umodzi malangizo ndi milatho okonzeka interlocked differentials. The injini za makina ndi interlocked ndi Buku 3-liwiro gearbox.

Management wa chitsulo chogwira matayala kutsogolo ndi downshift ikuchitika ndi nkhani kusintha.

"Willis" Jeep ali ndi mwayi mu mawonekedwe a mabuleki hayidiroliki mawilo onse 4 kuti ndi magawo ake ndi makhalidwe mphamvu zinali zofunika mbali.

Galimoto thupi

Chifukwa compactness wa chitonthozo chanu American SUV, ndithudi, izo masamba kwambiri wolakalakika, koma m'masiku amenewo sanali kuganiza za mayiko mu malo oyamba anali magawo a magwiridwe.

Mu thupi kosavuta kuyang'ana "Willis" ali kamangidwe kake mbali mwini wa kusowa kwa zitseko ndi lopinda pa nyumba ya windscreen ya. Pakalibe zitseko analola ulere kusiya galimoto mu nkhani ya ngozi. hema rainproof inaperekedwa atiteteze kwa mvula.

Kumbali kunja kwa thupi ili kumapeto kwa "gudumu yopuma" ndi canister, ndiponso m'mbali - kuguba chida (fosholo, nkhwangwa, etc.). Chifukwa cha cholinga asilikali thanki galimoto mafuta anaika mpando wa dalaivala, amene anafunika ingapendame galimoto chifukwa refueling. Mu recess kumbuyo arches kumbuyo gudumu ili M'mimbamo kwa kasungidwe zipangizo.

Chifukwa thupi liri ndi dongosolo bokosi ngati, kutsegula zilipo kuchotsa kudzikundikira zotheka chinyezi pansi pa makina, ndi stoppered.

Optics Features

Nyali "Willis" penapake recessed wachibale ndege ya grille lapansi. Ichi ndi chifukwa zizindikiro zawo structural. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndi Optics kuwala akhoza anakana magalasi, umene iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero kuwala mu nthawi ya utumiki injini usiku. Komanso, izi mamangidwe Mbali headlamp amalola kusamukira ku mdima popanda mdima ndi.

Jeep "Willys": Car:

4-gudumu pagalimoto.

Misa SUV - 1055 kg.

Kutalika kwa chihema - 1830 mm.

Galimoto m'lifupi - 1585 mm.

Jeep kutalika - 3335 mm.

Ground chilolezo (chilolezo) - 220 mm.

Engine okhala pakati 4 yamphamvu nizhneklapannym (Willys L-134) ndi mphamvu - 60 L / s.

Voliyumu ya unit mphamvu - 2,2l.

Dongosolo magetsi a mtundu carburettor (carburetor - WO-539-S ku kampani Carter).

"Willis" Jeep akhoza kukhala liwiro la 105 Km / h zinachitikira towing 45mm Cannon - 86 km / h.

thanki mafuta mphamvu - 56,8 malita.

mowa mafuta (pafupifupi phindu) - 12 malita / 100 Km.

Mphamvu - 4.

SUV "Willis" anakwanitsa kuthetsa theka-mita atafika popanda kukonzekera. Ndi zipangizo zina zapadera 1.5 mamita.

Kuchokera deta pamwamba luso izo zikusonyeza kuti Jeep "Willys" ali ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndi opepuka kamangidwe, ndipo analinso ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri kuti ntchito zake zazikulu.

Kutumikira ku Soviet Army

Iye anawonekera m'chilimwe cha 1942 mu "Wilis" khamu Soviet. Ambiri a magalimoto aperekedwe ku Soviet Union, anabwera mu mawonekedwe a galimoto zida, amene akutchulidwa mu boma opaleshoni ali kale pa mafakitale zoweta galimoto.

Mwatsoka, kulunjika ya usilikali Soviet kumanzere amadza chifukwa cha zoipa ntchito ya "Willis". Low kalasi mafuta magalimoto, amene anali chakupha ku "America" ankakolezera. Nthawi zambiri sanamvere intervals kuda. zolephera zambiri zinachitika chifukwa cha kusowa yokonza yake ndi kondomu mbali SUV. Zonsezi pamodzi zinachititsa kuti mfundo yakuti "Willis" kulephera mkati 15,000 Km. Komabe, amakhulupirira kuti mu Soviet Army, SUVs American wogulira apamwamba kuposa zoweta GAZ-67 ndi GAZ-67B, kuti Red Army analitcha "Ivan ndi Jeep."

ntchito ake ankhondo mini-Jeep "Willys" anapitiriza kwawo (pamene zosintha zosiyana-siyana cokonzedwa pa maziko ake), limene anamaliza okha 80s, pamene iye anali m'malo mwa kwambiri mpaka nthawi "Hammer" zofunika.