Kapangidwe ka kudziwa za sayansi zenizeni mu nzeru

Mu nzeru kumvetsa kuchotsedwa njira, njira ndi ndondomeko kupeza chidziwitso cha zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu. Cholinga cha chidziwitso, monga mwa ofufuza osiyana, ndi kuti adziwe mphamvu za chilengedwe, ungwiro wa munthu, komanso kupeza zoona.
Cognition lagawidwa sayansi ndi sayansi zolakwika. Mu inawo, nayenso, kuonetsetsa wamba, zojambulajambula, m'nthano ndi achipembedzo chidziwitso. sayansi isiyana ndi mitundu ina. Ndi ndondomeko ya tidziwe kuti kumlingo zotengera malingaliridwe ndi wachibale, koma umalimbana malamulo chinyezimiro zokhudzana ndi cholinga chenicheni, imene tingati ndi zenizeni. Challenge zinayang'ana sayansi, ndi kufotokoza, kufotokoza ndi kulosera njira ndi zochitika zikuchitika kwenikweni.

Kapangidwe ka sayansi adzatenge magawano ake mu misinkhu, amene ali mitundu akutali ndi njira cognition. Kapangidwe ka sayansi ali m'njira ziwiri - mu mawonekedwe a ongolankhula ndi wazotsatira njira. Akatswiri ena kusiyanitsa mlingo lachitatu - njira metatheoretical wa cognition.
Pa mlingo wazotsatira, pali kusonkhanitsa umboni, umboni wazotsatira, komanso generalization yaikulu.
Waukulu njira wazotsatira kudziwa mfundo zofunikira ziwiri za Zimene ndi zatsopano. Penyetsetsani - njira imene imakhala mu cholinga, mokonzekera, bungwe ndi amaonera zinthu za mdziko, timadalira pa kuzindikira kwenikweni kwa dziko limene kudziwa za chikhalidwe ndi katundu wa chinthu. kuyesera adzatenge, mosiyana kuonerera, ndi kuthekera chikoka yogwira pa zochitika kapena njira.
Pa mlingo ongolankhula, deta kukonzedwa ndi mfundo analandira empirically kuzindikiridwa kugwirizana mkati pakati pa zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Pa mlingo wa sayansi kudziwa kapangidwe anapereka malingaliro ndi ziphunzitso. Kungoganizira - ndi kungoganizira sayansi kufotokoza chodabwitsa chilichonse ndipo amafuna yachinsinsi experimental ndi ongolankhula kulungamitsidwa. chiphunzitso - ndi dongosolo la mawu zogwirizana ndi umboni amene akufotokoza ndipo akuneneratu zochitika m'dera anapatsidwa. chiphunzitso tiyenera kuonetsera malamulo cholinga cha chilengedwe ndi anthu.

Kapangidwe ka sayansi mu nzeru kumafuna mlingo wina - metatheoretical. Pali nzeru zaumunthu unsembe, komanso njira ndi zolinga, mfundo malamulo, etc. regulatives Pa mlingo pambuyo-ongolankhula akufotokozera dziko la sayansi.
Kapangidwe ka sayansi zikutanthauza ubale. Izi zikutanthauza kuti njira ziwiri zazikulu chidziwitso mawonekedwe a ongolankhula ndi wazotsatira kwenikweni zokhudzana ndi mzake. chidziwitso wazotsatira mwa kungophunzira amaona amatenga deta latsopano, zolimbikitsa kudziwa ongolankhula, kuika ntchito yatsopano ndi chidziwitso ongolankhula Zikatero, mwachidule ndi kulongosola chododometsa anachokera empirically, amasiyiratu malingaliro patsogolo ndi ziphunzitso zimene zimafuna yachinsinsi wazotsatira.

Kapangidwe ka sayansi mu nzeru motere kapangidwe ka nzeru sanali sayansi.
Kukula kwa nzeru zasayansi kugawira sayansi mu amalanga. Science chilango kapangidwe ali ndi chikhalidwe wapawiri. Pa dzanja limodzi, gulu la sayansi mu khalidwe, Boma, zigawo kulola munthu makamaka amakhazikika mu nkhani makamaka ndi kuwaphunzira kwambiri. Koma, Mosiyana, specialization izi udzaphwanya kudziwa ambiri, chifukwa kufa kukhulupirika kwake. N'chifukwa chake m'zaka otsiriza anayamba ndondomeko ya kaphatikizidwe sayansi zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa sayansi yatsopano pamphambano ya anthu alipo. Motero, pali bionics, lomwe lili ndi kapangidwe ka zamoyo pa mphambano ya zamoyo ndi umisiri kuthetsa mavuto zomangamanga