Kodi Gogol anabadwa? Kodi Gogol anakhala ubwana wake?

The kwambiri Russian novelist, Wolemba wina, wotsutsa, wolemba ndakatulo publicist Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol anapanga zopereka zikuluzikulu mabuku dziko ndi utolankhani, zawachitikira ntchito zake zambiri wosafa, ena ndi zogwirizana kwambiri lero. Komabe, monga mukudziwa, ife tonse tikafikira ku ubwana Choncho, kumvetsa chiyambi cha ntchito yake, choyamba muyenera kudziwa kumene Gogol anabadwa, amene makolo ake ndi zimene oyambirira zinachitika zooneka mumtima mwake.

Kodi chinali pachiyambi Janowski

biographers Gogol ndi kukanena kuti makolo wolembayo anali ansembe cholowa ndiponso analibe poyerekezera amazikonda anthu otchuka. Tikudziwanso kuti agogo ake - Athanasius Dem'yanovich - anakakhala pafupi Poltava ndipo anatenga dzina la Yanovsky, pambuyo malo dzina, kumene anamanga nyumba. Patapita zaka zingapo mwa zikalata pa otchuka, iye anawonjezera kuti dzina lake inanso - Gogol, kuti atsimikizire (kapena, monga ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti fabricate a) ubwenzi wawo ndi umunthu odziwika - Akol Evstafiem Gogolem, amene anali kutumikira mfumu Yohane Chachitatu Sobieski. Choncho, makolo wolemba anasamukira ku Little Russia ku Poland penapake mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu. Kunena chilungamo kunena kuti iye yekha Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol molakwika ankakhulupirira kuti dzina Yanovsky anatulukira Zitsulo. N'chifukwa chake mu 1821 anangozilola waponya. Pa nthawi imeneyo, bambo wake anali salinso moyo kotero palibe kuteteza ngati ufulu mankhwala ndi dzina generic.

Kodi N. V. Gogol anabadwa?

Tsogolo kwambiri Russian wolemba anabadwa March 20, 1809 m'mudzi Sorochintsy, umene panthawi imeneyo unali mu Poltava chigawo cha Russian Ufumu. Lero, m'mudzi uwu umatchedwa Great Sorochintsy ndipo ndi mbali ya chigawo cha Ukraine Mirgorod. Pa nthawi ya kubadwa Gogol, iwo anali wodziwika kwa chilungamo zake zotchuka, zomwe zimabweretsa pamodzi pafupifupi mbali ya Ukraine ndipo ngakhale ku Poland ndi zigawo chapakati Russia. Choncho, dziko laling'ono la tsogolo wolemba kwambiri anali amamudziwa kugula malo, kumene moyo uli pachimake.

The nyumba kumene Gogol anabadwa

Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, nyumba zambiri Mhar monga mu dera Poltava, nawonongeka. Mwatsoka, chotero tsoka anachitika malo omwewo amene adabadwa Gogol - nyumba ya Dr. M. Trohimovsky, umene 1929 unapangidwa bungwe ndi m'nyumbayi wodzipereka kwa zaka mwana. Mu nthawi nkhondoyo, ntchito yambiri kupeza zinthu ndi zikalata zinachitikadi ndi zochitika zokhudza ubwana wa mlembi wamkulu. Izo zinalephereka, ndipo patapita zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi pa malo a nyumba anawononga kumene Gogol anabadwa, nyumba yatsopano imene m'nyumba m'nyumbayi zolembalemba-chikumbutso inamangidwa. Lero ndi chimodzi cha chidwi chachikulu cha Wamkulu Sorochintsy ndi apo, alendo kuona katundu wa wolembayo, chithunzi chake ndi Repin ndi ena osowa Mabaibulo oyamba. Pambuyo kuyendera mudzi, kumene Gogol (onani chithunzi m'munsimu) anabadwa, mukhoza kuona zazikulu Chiwalitsiro Church. Izi kachisi wokongola, anamanga m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu mu Chiyukireniya kalembedwe Baroque, ndi kwambiri kuti anali kumeneko mu 1809, anabatizidwa ndi wolemba.

zaka zoyambirira

Makolo Gogol pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwake, moyo mu chikhalidwe chake Vasilievka kapena Yanovschina, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mudzi wa Dikanka. Mu zonse, collegiate assessor Vasily Gogol-Yanovsky ndi noblewoman Maria Kosyarovskoy anabadwa ana khumi, ambiri a iwo anafa ali wakhanda. Tsogolo kwambiri wolemba chachikulu mwana wachitatu ndi wamkulu cha kupulumuka kwa mukadzakula. Gogol-Yanovsky ana kukula mu chikhalidwe cha moyo wakumudzi pa ndime ndi anzawo ku mabanja osauka. Komabe, pa nthawi yomweyo, makolo a wolemba anali alendo kawirikawiri mu zigawo wapafupi ndipo Vasily Gogol-Yanovsky ngakhale ena nthawi anatsogolera kunyumba zamasewero ku wachibale wake lakutali D. P. Troschinskogo - anapuma pantchito membala wa bungwe State. Choncho, ana ake analibe mosatsata chikhalidwe ndi zosangalatsa kuyambira ndili wamng'ono angagwirizanitse kwa luso ndi mabuku.

Kodi wadutsa unyamata Gogol

Pamene iye anali usinkhu wa zaka khumi, iye anatumizidwa ku Poltava mmodzi wa aphunzitsi omwe tikugwira ntchito yokonza wolemba tsogolo kulowa sukulu Nezhinskaja. Ngati Great Sorochintsy - m'mudzi kumene Gogol anabadwa, mzinda wa Nezhin - malo komwe anakhala zaka achinyamata. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye sanaiwale Mhar monga amathera maholide onse, lakeyo zosangalatsa osasamala mu gulu la alongo ndi ana a Amaya.

Phunziro sekondale

Institution, kumene makolo Gogol chinamuzindikiritsa iye kuti ndikaphunzire zinthu zina, inatsegulidwa mu 1820. dzina lake lonse wakewu Nezhinskaya sekondale sayansi. Education kumeneko kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, ndi ophunzira zitha kukhala ana a anthu olemekezeka Little Russia. Omaliza Maphunziro Nizhyn zolimbitsa thupi malingana zotsatira mayeso analandira udindo khumi kapena khumi ndi chitatu kalasi "Table a maudindo." Zimenezi zinatanthauza kuti zikalata wosindikiza bungwe kuti, anagwira mawu pa ndime ndi masatifiketi yunivesite, ndipo eni sankapita ndi kutenga mayeso zina kwa kupanga za sukulu zapamwamba.

Kungoona zikalata, sukulu Nikolai Gogol-Yanovsky sanali katswiri wa khama loposatu ndi iye anatha kutenga mayeso, kokha chifukwa cha kukumbukira kwambiri, zomwe wakhala ndi byword. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, muyenera kukumbukira aphunzitsi ena ndiponso ana a sukulu ya wolemba m'tsogolo, umboni wakuti iye nkomwe anapatsa chinenero, komanso Latin ndi Greek, koma mabuku Russian ndi kupenta lake amalanga ambiri amakonda.

Lozungulira abwenzi pamene kuphunzira sekondale

Funso la amene mukopedwe mapangidwe maganizo pa moyo ndi chikhalidwe cha wolemba m'tsogolo, osati kwenikweni kusiyana ndi mfundo za komwe Gogol anabadwa. Makamaka, ali okhwima, anakumbukira bwanji pa maphunziro ake Nizhyn zolimbitsa thupi limodzi ndi anzanga ndi kumulakalaka kudzifunsa. Pakati pa m'kalasi ya wolemba mwina kudziŵika Gerasima Vysotskogo, Aleksandra Danilevskogo, amene Gogol anali bwenzi moyo, ndi Nikolai Prokopovich ndi Nestora Kukolnika. Pa abwenzi wakhala chizolowezi kulemba anthologies mabuku m'zikwama, ndi kamodzi pamwezi kufalitsa sekondale wanu pamanja magazini. Ndipo Gogol yekha kaŵirikaŵiri lofalitsidwa mu ndakatulo izo wake woyamba ndipo ngakhale analemba buku mbiri ndi ndakatulo iye. Komanso, wotchuka kwambiri ndi ana anasangalala ndi Zotengera analemba pa mzinda wokongola wakale.

Zaka zomalizira kuphunzira sekondale

Pamene Gogol zaka khumi yokha, iye bambo ake anamwalira, chomwe chinali imfa lalikulu. Choncho, ngakhale ngati wamng'ono, iye anali mwamuna yekhayo m'banja (abale anayi anafa ali wakhanda, ndi wina zambiri - Ivan - mu 1819). Ngakhale mayi wolemba anapitiriza kupereka chuma chawo zikusowa kuonetsetsa kuti mwana wake anakhoza maphunziro anga ku sekondale, monga Ndimaona iye namatetule, ndi kukhulupirira mu kupambana kwake. Mu chilungamo kuyenera kuti Nicholas mpaka ku mapeto a chisamaliro moyo wake, ndi alongo, ndi ngakhale anakana cholowa, ndiwapatse malowolo yabwino.

Pankhani zolinga amene akhala mnyamata wa zaka zomalizira za kafukufuku pa sukulu, analota za utumiki wa onse, ndi mabuku auzimu kwambiri monga ngati chizolowezi. Pakali pano chinachake, kumene Gogol anabadwa, anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu ntchito yake ya m'tsogolo ndi chinathandiza kuwonekera koyamba kugulu ncthito likulu kumpoto.

Ulendo wopita ku St. Petersburg

Atachoka malo kumene anabadwira, Gogol anapita kugonjetsa St. Petersburg. Apo iye sanatenge ndi manja aŵiri. Poyamba, Nicholas ankafuna kuyesa dzanja lake pa akuchitira, koma anakana luso sing'anga ochangamuka zigawo. Mu utumiki wothandiza, izo zinkawoneka kuti iye wotopetsa ndi tanthauzo. Koma posakhalitsa, mnyamatayu anazindikira kuti Little Russia, ndi ciliconse cokhudzana ndi, ndi chidwi kwambiri mu osankhika Petersburg, ndipo kumeneko anamvetsera mosangalala ntchito za Little Russian folklore. Choncho, onse amene anabwera ku malo komwe Gogol anabadwa, mzindawo pa Neva anatenga, monga iwo amati, ndi phwaa! Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti wolemba aspiring mu kalata iliyonse mayi, kumufunsa kundiuza za ena mfundo za njira yapafupi ya moyo, kapena kutumiza iye zakale kuti mayi kumva kuchokera kwa osawuka awo, kapena alendo, kupanga ulendo kumalo oyera.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe kunena, ngati inu anafunsidwa kuti: "Dzina malo . Gogol anabadwa" inunso athe kupereka ena mfundo za mbiri yake, zokhudzana ubwana ndi unyamata. Ndipo kuti tikapeze zinkakhalira pa Ukraine, muyenera kukaona mudzi wa Great Sorochintsy ndi mzinda wa Mirgorod. Ndiye iwe ukhoza kuwona ndi maso ako wotchuka chilungamo ndi matope, amene anamusilira wolemba, n'kumanena kuti ndi tsiku limodzi lokha la mtundu wake. Lilili lero ngakhale padoko lakelake!