Kodi kukhazikitsa ndi Bolshevik mphamvu mu dziko (mwachidule)

Tsopano funso momwe angakhazikitsire mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu dziko wotchuka salinso. Anthu a m'dziko lathu aona dziko lino ndipo analowa m'ma latsopano ndi kale pa manja yosiyana zimachitika. Komabe, zinthu zambiri zimene zinachitika mu zoyambirira za m'ma otsiriza, ndipo masiku ano zimakhudzira miyoyo yathu. N'zochititsa chidwi chiweruzo ichi kapena ayi - ili ndi funso yankho lomwe munthu ayenera kupeza yekha. Choncho, tikambirana momwe angakhazikitsire mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu dziko posachedwapa. Ndipo timakhulupirira izi, mudzakhala kale athe kudziwa mavuto okha.

prerequisites zisinthe

Taganizirani za chiyambi cha zimene zinachitika m'masiku otsiriza a Russian Ufumu - ndicho, momwe angakhazikitsire mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu dziko. 1917 Kodi mfundo kuyambira mu mbiri ya anthu Russian. Ndiye chisankho inachitika mu Petrograd Soviet, ndi kuti Bolsheviks iwo yagoletsa chiwerengero chapamwamba mavoti. Ine walunjika Lenin awo, amene ali zigawenga kwambiri linakhazikitsidwa poyerekezera ndi mphamvu ukadalipobe. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye anali pa malo oletsedwa. Ndipo ine ndikukhulupirira kuti kulandira nambala yaikulu ya mavoti mu mabungwe mabungwe a anthu ogwira ntchito ndi asilikali akuluakulu amatha kufika mlingo watsopano mphamvu.

M'mene zinachitikira

10 Tsiku la October, Lenin kuchita msonkhano chinsinsi m'Komiti ya Central. Mu pulogalamu yake Inde anali wokonzeka kugalukira ziwanga ndi misa ndi boma. SDU unakhazikitsidwa (usilikali chosintha komiti) zomwe AMATHANDIZA kale anatsogolera Vladimira Ilicha Trotsky. Mu gulu ili ankadziwika otsutsa - Zinoviev ndi Kamenev, koma mavoti awo sanali zoopsa poyerekeza ndi khumi positive. Choncho, pa October 22, Trotsky anatumiza okamba kwambiri, zomwe osakaniza akhala ziwanga kwa bwaloli wa masewera a. msewu waukulu St. Petersburg akhala oletsedwa, okwerera sitima, milatho, mabwalo. The Bolsheviks anali anthu zolembedwa maganizo awo.

likhazikitsa Achiprotestanti

Patapita masiku awiri, pambuyo ziwonetsero mu likulu ngakhale Junkers achifumu choletsedwa pa nkhani yaikulu ya yosindikiza nyuzipepala "Ntchito Njira", omwe anali kuyang'anira ndi Bolsheviks. Lenin, monga sitepe chinaoneka monga kuukira ndi ambiri omwe kale ndipo bwana. Apa, amene anganene, mukubwera monyang'ama mfundo m'mbiri ya mmene anakhazikitsa mphamvu Bolshevik mu msasa. Motsogozedwa Trotsky unali utazunguliridwa ndi yozizira Palace. Komanso zinthu zina pamalo abwino ofunika kwa mzinda lalandidwa. Zionetsero analibe, kupatula detachment ka cadets amene anali mu nyumba yachifumu. Komabe, magulu awo anali ndi kwakung'ono kuyerekeza ndi Bolshevik, ndipo posakhalitsa anagwa Zima.

Kuyamba. msonkhano woyamba

Kumvetsa patsogolo kwambiri ndiye momwe angakhazikitsire mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu Russia, tikhoza ntchito pophunzira akuluakulu latsopano. October 25 anatsegula Chachiwiri Onse-Russian Congress wa anyabasa 'ndi Asilikali' ziwanga, ambiri omwe anathandiza maganizo onse a Bolsheviks. Komabe, amene anakhala nawo pa misonkhano, adalinso SRs, amene sanali kumbali maganizo aukali adani awo. Iwo anasiya chochitika, chifukwa chimene onse akhala akulephera kusintha mkati mwa zochita za boma latsopanolo. Koma onse, omwe tsopano analamulira motsogozedwa Lenin, iwo ayamba lamulo latsopano. Kwenikweni ake kuti Russia ndi akutulukira ndi nkhondo popanda kuwaika annexations ndi indemnities. Komanso, lamulo zikusonyeza yopindulitsa kwambiri kwa alimi agrarian kusintha. M'kupita kwa maganizo kumeneku, Bolsheviks kwathunthu anagonjetsa gawo ili la anthu.

Kodi kugonjetsa Moscow

N'zosatheka kwathunthu kuulula za nkhaniyi, popanda kutchula momwe anakhazikitsa mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu Moscow, mu mzinda, amene anadzakhala likulu la boma latsopano. October 25, 1917, Bolsheviks mumzinda anayamba kusonkhanitsa asilikali anagwira zinthu pamalo abwino zofunika, kuganizira zimene zinachitikira peterburzhskikh lankhondo. M'deralo Socialist-boma ndi Mensheviks, kuwapatsa kumumenya, ndi kuthyola asilikali omwazika zitsanzo. Juncker Riabtseva zinthu motsogoleredwa ndi, ndipo m'masiku ochepa, ndipo mwayi anali kumbali. Komabe, pa 29 October ndi Bolsheviks anali mwayeretsa ku cadets wa mtawuni osati kokha, komanso anafika Lefortovo, ndiyeno kwathunthu atazungulira boma la Russia. ulamuliro m zikachitika amakana ntchito zina ndi kukana usilikali, amene ankatanthauza kugonja.

Russia latsopano

Mu miyezi otsala 1917, boma la Soviet Union pang'onopang'ono kusuntha kum'mawa. Kusakatula kukuchititsa zimenezi Tingaone kuti mumve mmene anakhazikitsa mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu dziko. Pakutha November, pansi mawu atsopano kuchiza pafupi ndi mzinda wa Moscow ndi Peter. Mu December, boma latsopano wakhala kawirikawiri Siberia, Kazan, Astrakhan ndi Saratov. Kumayambiriro kwa 1918 boma la Soviet Union anagonja Altai, Yakutia, ndipo mu March pansi pa mbendera latsopano kale ndi Far East. M'pofunikanso mumatsindikanso kuti boma latsopano kumakhudza yaikulu anthu chifukwa kusintha ake agrarian. Koma ambiri ankachita nawo ulimi, ndi Soviet Union anapereka kwa anthu mu mtundu umenewu zinthu zoipa kwambiri.

Equalization ufulu ndi udindo

Mu November 1917, mmodzi wa congresses wa anaganiza kuthetsa zonse zilipo maudindo, tithe ndi maudindo amene adapatsa anthu ena mwayi kukhala odalirika ndi otchuka pa ena. Kumatha maudindo monga barons, udindo, atsogoleri, anthu anasiya kukhala wamba, olemekezeka, anthu wamba kapena wa m'banja lachifumu, ndipo anadzakhala nzika ya Russian Republic Soviet. Tikumbukenso kuti m'kati ikukhazikitsidwa Bolshevik boma, boma, sayansi ndi zina pa moyo analekanitsa mpingo. Komanso, ufulu wachipembedzo ndi kusasiyana pakati pa nzika zonse unakhazikitsidwa dziko. Aliyense tsopano amati chipembedzo chilichonse. Kapena kodi si ndiwo kutsatira za aliyense wa milungu - tsopano wakhala payekha.

Kufunika akugwira msonkhano constituent

Popeza kuti atithandize mu kumbuyo awo ambiri a anthu, Bolsheviks anayamba kukakamiza boma wogwirizira. The milandu zokhudzana, ndi zina zotere yapakati, umene boma anachedwa ndi kumalo a msonkhano constituent. Chifukwa Bolsheviks nkhaniyo m'manja mwawo ndiponso okha imachitika chochitika. Iwo anadabwa kwambiri, anthu amapereka ufulu-phiko mphamvu zandale, iwo anasonkhana laling'ono kwambiri nambala ya mavoti. Choncho, kulengeza anakopeka, omwe ankati zonse zidachitika kwa anthu akubera pa nthawi, komanso utoto m'tsogolo. Posakhalitsa anthu, ndipo ambiri Chofunika - kalasi asilikali, mothandizidwa chipani ichi ndipo mwamukaniratu lamulo la Mensheviks ndi ufulu wina. Komabe, aphungu ena anali motsutsa Bolsheviks, komabe anaumirira kuti atchedwe alibe phindu ndale, ndi sanamuzindikire iye. Chifukwa cha ichi, iwo anasiya msonkhano, pamene kukoka mbali yaikulu ya akuluakulu a asilikali a. Motero, msonkhano utatha.

Pomaliza

Zitachitika zinthu zimenezi zikusonyeza momwe angakhazikitsire mphamvu ya Bolsheviks mu dziko etc., si zovuta. akuluakulu onse, amene mayina a Soviet Party, kukhala munthu, iwo imayendetsedwa anthu. Kuyambira Ali anali zoyesayesa zazing'ono kulenga zachipolowe asilikali, koma iwo sanali bwino, ndipo posakhalitsa anakhala mphamvu yekha wa Bolsheviks ndi wambawamba m'mayiko athu.