Kodi kuyang'aniridwa ndi utsogoleri ndi chiyani? FZ-64 "Kuyang'aniridwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka anthu omwe amasulidwa kuchokera kumalo osungira ufulu"

Monga mukudziwira, si nzika zonse zomwe zidakhala m'ndende zimakonzedwa ndikuvomereza zolakwa zawo. Ambiri omwe kale anali akaidi adakalibe anthu osagwirizana ndi anthu komanso anthu owopsa. Ndicho chifukwa chake mu 2011 ntchito yapadera yowonjezera idaperekedwa - FZ-64 "Kuyang'aniridwa ndi Atsogoleri a Anthu Amene Anamwalira Kuchokera Ndende." Lamulo lofotokozedwa lidzafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane mu nkhaniyi.

Zolemba zambiri za Federal Law

Gawo 1 la lamulo lovomerezeka lachikhalidweli lili ndi mfundo zokhudzana ndi mfundo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito motsatira malamulo. Mfundo yoyamba ndi yofunika kwambiri, yomwe ili apa ikuyimira, imatchedwa kuyang'anira utsogoleri. Ndi chiyani?

Lamulo likuyimira kuyang'aniridwa ndi kayendetsedwe kautumiki monga kuyang'anira kwa munthu yemwe watulutsidwa posachedwa kuchokera kumalo osungidwa ufulu. Kuyang'anira kumachitika ndi zochitika mkati. Munthu woyang'aniridwa ndi nzika yokhudza yemwe akuyang'aniridwa. Kawirikawiri woyang'anira ali ndi malamulo ena oyang'anira. Izi, malinga ndi lamulo, zimachepetsa ufulu ndi ufulu wa munthu amene adabwerako kundende.

Cholinga chachikulu cha FZ-64 "Kuyang'aniridwa ndi Utsogoleri" ndi chiyani? Ndime yachiwiri imatanthawuza kupewa kwa malamulo ndi zolakwa.

Kodi ndi ndani yemwe ali woyang'anila oyang'anira?

Mutu 3 wa FZ-64 "Pa Utsogoleri Wotsogolera" umati khoti likhoza kukhazikitsa lamulo loti nkhani zapakatikati ziziyang'aniridwa ndi anthu otsatirawa:

• Ndani anachita chiwerewere mobwerezabwereza;
• Anapanga chilango chachikulu kapena chachikulu;
• Anapanga milandu yotsutsana ndi anthu osapitirira zaka zambiri.

Munthu yemwe ali ndi kukhudzika kwakukulu kapena yemwe waswa malamulo nthawi zonse m'ndende ayenera kukhala woyang'aniridwa ndi apadera.

Zokhudza malamulo ndi mawu

Monga tanenera kale, nzika yoyang'aniridwayo ndi yochepa pa ufulu wake. Malingana ndi FZ-64 "Pa Kuyang'aniridwa ndi Utsogoleri", pangakhale zoletsedwa za chikhalidwe chotsatira:

• Kuletsedwa kukhala kumalo ena, mndandanda wa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi khoti;
• Kuletsedwa pa zochitika zazikulu;
• Kuletsa kuchoka ku gawo lomwe likufotokozedwa ndi khoti;
• Kuletsedwa kwa kukhala m'madera ena nthawi zina.

Ndiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti khoti likuyenera kukhazikitsa malamulo otsatirawa omwe akuyang'aniridwa:

• Kuwonekera kwa nzika kumakhala kovomerezeka kangapo pamwezi (nambala yeniyeni imakhazikitsidwa ndi khoti) ku thupi la mkati kuti lilembetse;
• Kuletsa kuchoka ku gawo lokhazikitsidwa ndi khoti.

Malamulo kapena matupi ena ovomerezeka ayenera kusonkhanitsa zokhudzana ndi nzika yoyang'aniridwa. Malingana ndi zomwe anasonkhanitsa, chigamulo chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu wotha kuchotsedwa kwa malamulo okhazikitsidwa. Ponena za munthu amene watumikira chigamulo cholakwira ufulu wa chiwerewere ndi kugonana kosasamala, kuyang'aniridwa koyambirira sikungathetsedwe.

Ndiyeneranso kutchula za nthawi yomwe kuyang'aniridwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka ntchito kungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Apa chilichonse chimadalira mtundu wa chigawenga chimene munthu amene anabwerera kuchokera kumalo osungidwa ufulu. Komabe, malinga ndi Gawo 5 la Federal Law "On Administrative Supervision", malamulo sangathe kugwira ntchito zosachepera chaka chimodzi ndipo osapitirira zaka zitatu kubwezera chiwerengero cha milandu. Pali njira ina apa, yomwe kutalika kwa chiganizocho chichotsedwa pa nthawi kuti kubwezeredwa kwa mbiri ya chigawenga.

Pa kukhazikitsidwa, kuthetsa, kutambasula ndi kukhazikitsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito

Malingana ndi Federal Law No. 64-FZ "Pa Utsogoleri Wotsogolera," kuyang'anitsitsa anthu omasulidwa m'ndende kumakhazikitsidwa ndi khoti potsatira pempho la aphungu. Kuwonjezera kwa nthawi yoyang'aniridwayo kungaperekedwe ndi khoti. Zifukwa zikuluzikulu zowonjezera nthawi yoyang'anira, ndizosavuta kuganiza, kupereka mlandu wochitidwa ndi munthu woyang'aniridwa.

Khothi lidzasankha za kuthetsa kuyang'aniridwa kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kazitsotso pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Kutha kwa nthawi yoyang'anira;
• Kuchotsa mbiri ya chigawenga kwa munthu yemwe akuyang'anira ntchito yakeyo;
• Kutsimikiza kwa munthu woyang'aniridwa ndi kumutumizanso kumalo osungira ufulu;
• Malingana ndi imfa ya munthu woyang'aniridwa;
• Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochiritsira zovomerezeka zokhudza munthu woyang'aniridwa.

Ndemanga zopita ku FZ-64 "Pa Kuyang'aniridwa ndi Malamulo" ndi kusintha kuchokera mu 2017 kuti boma likhoza kuthetsedwa mofulumira, ngati munthu woyang'aniridwayo akugwira ntchito yake mwachikhulupiriro. Nanga ndi nzika ziti zomwe nzika yakhala nazo yokhudza amene akuyang'aniridwa? Izi zidzafotokozedwa pambuyo pake.

Pa ufulu ndi maudindo a mzika yoyang'anira

Munthu yemwe akuyang'anira yemwe akuyang'aniridwayo akuyenera kutsatira malamulo onse omwe alamula, kuti alembetse ku dipatimenti ya apolisi, auze akuluakulu a boma kuti asinthe malo okhala, avomereze akuluakulu a ATS kunyumba kwake, ndi zina zotero.

FZ-64 "Kutsogoleredwa ndi Utsogoleri", monga momwe adasinthidwira pa May 28, 2017, imakonzeranso ufulu woyenera wa nzika yoyang'aniridwa. Apa ndiyenera kuwonetsa:

• Kuwonekera kukhoti kuti athetse kuyang'anira;
• Kuwombera motsutsa zisankho za khoti;
• Kupempha ku ATS ndi pempho lololeza kuti achoke mufupikitsa.

Ndondomeko zotani zopangidwa ndi FZ-64 mu May 2017? Apa ndikuyenera kuwonetsa Kuwonjezera kwa Article 1 ku lingaliro la "malo enieni okhalamo". Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amene watulutsidwa kuchokera kumalo osungira ufulu ndipo alibe malo okhala amakhala kusankha malo enieni (gawo la m'katikati mwa mzinda kapena chipani cha municipal municipality).