Kodi mutagenic chinthu ndi zomwe ndi oopsa?

Kafukufuku nthawi zonse zimachitika mwadzidzidzi. Nkhani majini a chamoyo zimasiyanasiyana: chinachake mkati mwa DNA kapena majini, ndi zosintha zimenezi zili zambiri kumaoneka kuti apoyera. Nthawi zina, zotsatira zake ndi katundu, ndipo nthawizina kwa thupi zotheka imfa. The kusintha zimachokeradi palokha. chifukwa nthawi zonse afika mutagenic china.

ndi mutagenic wothandizila chiyani?

Kusintha majini ndi DNA, sayansi akuphunzira chibadwa. Limaperekanso tanthauzo sayansi mutagens.

zinthu Mutagenic - wothandizira mankhwala kapena thupi zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha mfundo majini maselo. Chikhalidwe cha nthumwi zimenezi zingakhale zosiyana, ndipo mu udindo uwu zachokera gulu.

mitundu ya mutagens

Malinga anachokera kuonetsetsa thupi, mankhwala ndi mutagens kwachilengedwenso. zinthu zilizonse mutagenic akhoza zimachitika kwa limodzi la magulu awa atatu aakulu.

Zimakhudzira wothandizila ankhanza selo zikhoza mwachindunji ndi DNA, kenako nkhani majini wotaya dongosolo wapachiyambi. Ena mutagens kusokoneza ndondomeko magawano selo, ndi chifukwa zinthu majini ndi anagawira bwino. Pali Komabe, zinthu zomwe paokha sangathe zimachitika mutagens. Koma zimakhudza mankhwala pawiri la michere ena akufuna kukhala weniweni mutagenic china. Izi zinthu kukhala mutagenic "kuthekera", anatchula promutagens.

Mutagenic zinthu. zitsanzo

Ndi mutagens chiyambi cheni cheni monga magwero a ionizing poizoni kukhudzana UV kuwala, abnormally mkulu kapena otsika kutentha ndi chinyezi.

Mwachitsanzo, timaganiza cheza ultraviolet ndi kutalika kuposa 260 nm ndi chosakanikirana ndi selo zomera ndi chifukwa pepala mapangidwe m'menemo uncharacteristic wa dimers pyrimidine (mankhwala mu unyolo DNA) amene nawonso, kukhala chifukwa cha zolakwa kuwerenga m'nkhaniyo chibadwa. Chifukwa, maselo atsopano zichokera DNA ku "cholakwika" kapangidwe.

Mankhwala ambiri ndi mutagenic ndi promutagens. Zitsanzo ndi zotakasika mitundu mpweya, feteleza komanso nitrites, ena zitsulo, mankhwala ndi anthu zinthu zomwe mpaka anthu analipo mu chikhalidwe (mankhwala banja, zina chakudya ndi mchere; kutetezera).

Mwachitsanzo, mayi woyembekezera akhoza kukhala kuti sakudziwa mavuto awo ndipo kutenga ena mankhwala oopsa kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mwana akhoza kuyamba matenda obadwa chifukwa cha masinthidwe.

The mutagens kwachilengedwenso monga mavairasi, mabakiteriya, muli ena mogwirizana ndi majeremusi.

The chifukwa cha mmene wothandizila ngati kwachilengedwenso pa maselo ndondomeko amene amatchedwa matenda mutagenesis. Mwachitsanzo, bakiteriya Helicobacter pylori, tikukhala mu m'mimba anthu ndi intestine zingachititse kutukusira kwa mucosa ndi. Kutupa chimasintha otaya yachibadwa njira redox maselo kuonongeka kuti kumasintha dongosolo la zinthu maselo a iwo. njira DNA kukonza ndi wosweka ndi njira ya yachibadwa kugawaniza molekyulu. Zotsatira - kusintha.

mawu ochepa A za ndondomeko ya mutagenesis

Mutagenesis - ndiyo njira ya yatsoka cha masinthidwe. Kodi mtundu wa limagwirira, izo zingachitike?

Kwambiri zinthu mutagenic chifukwa otchedwa chromosomal Kusakhazikika. Chifukwa cha chuma majini kapena ndi anagawira omangidwa mu kulekanitsidwa maselo kapena DNA kapangidwe lokha zimasiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, DNA awiri ongoyendayenda wothandizila aukali kusinthitsa ziwembu zawo.

Mutagenic chinthu akhoza kusintha DNA ndondomeko ya zidulo mkati. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti masinthidwe amenewa ndi woopsa kapena kuyambitsa matenda aakulu kwambiri pamene anakhudzidwa ndi nucleotides kwambiri, koma iwonso angayambe popanda pathologies, ngati mkati mindandanda asidi si kuonongeka.

Kodi mungadzitetezere ku kukhudzana mutagens?

zinthu Mutagenic si ubiquitous, kotero adzakhala adakali zothandiza kukhwimitsa zina zodzitetezera.

Antioxidants - gulu zofunika mankhwala kuti kuteteza kukhudzana carcinogens. Ndipo iwo akhoza kuthandiza kuti adziteteze ku mitundu yonse ya mankhwala ankhanza. Zitsanzo za antioxidants ndi mavitamini A, C, ndi E, beta-carotene ndi flavonoids. zinthu zimenezi ndi ambiri kwambiri zimapezeka masamba ndi zipatso, komanso ku tiyi.

Nkofunika kuyesa kudziteteza ku wothandizira chowawa thupi monga dzuwa limakhala lamphamvu kapena fodya. Mwachitsanzo, mu Australia, ali kunyumba kwa ochuluka zedi a anthu kuwala khungu, ndipo pali zambiri nyengo dzuwa. Chiwerengero cha milandu yoopsa mu dziko lino, mwatsoka, mkulu.

CHENJEZO ayenera kumwedwa mankhwala, kumvetsera chakudya ndi kuyesa kuchepetsa kumwa mchere; kutetezera. Choncho, ndithudi, izo zikanakhala kutsatira mfundo za kudya thanzi.

zinthu Mutagenic zachilengedwe amphamvu. Komabe, kuti mudziteteze kwa anthu n'zotheka ndithu, ngati ife mosamala thanzi lawo.