Kodi pali moyo pa Mars? Asayansi musatisiye chiyembekezo

The Red Planet nthawizonse wakhala mmodzi wa zinthu zambiri zachinsinsi kumwamba kwa munthu. The zakuthambo wakale apeza kuti thupi lakumwamba ndi ena zinthu zosiyana kwambiri kuposa zinthu zina. Mosiyana ndi nyenyezi zina, iwo zikusintha malo awo m'mwamba.

Komatu kwambiri dzina "dziko" anabwera m'zinenero Russian ndi zina European kuchokera Greek wakale, kumene amatanthauza "zosokera." Ngakhale kusiyana mapulaneti kwa nyenyezi akhala anapeza kale Agiriki, Sumerians ndi Ababulo, koma tikugwiritsa ntchito lero ndi zotsatira za chitukuko wakale. Mapulaneti mayina ankalemekeza mayanjano kuti iwo anapangitsa Agiriki ndi Aroma. Chinazilala mtundu wa Venus anali kugwirizana ndi thovu nyanja, chifukwa umene anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mulungu wa chikondi. Mercury, ndilo avundulidwe yachangu ponda, anali kugwirizana ndi Mtumiki kudziwika kwa milungu (Herme mu Baibulo Greek). Krasnoliky Mars sanathe chifukwa kuyanjana ndi moto ndi chiwonongeko. Pakuti iye analandira dzina la mulungu wa nkhondo.

Ndipo dzikoli chidwi osati kalelo. Ndi chidwi wathu lero. Mwina, mwa matupi onse ozizira mu dongosolo la zowalitsa Mars ndi alendo zambiri pa luso anthu. Ancient nam'manga kuti chofunikira cha Mulungu. Pa Kubadwa Kwatsopano, pamene anayamba amadziwika za mapulaneti, Mars anayamba waft kwambiri chodabwitsa kukhumbira. Kudziŵa ngati pali moyo pa Mars, nthawi zambiri ankaimba mu mabuku yopeka. Kotero, m'modzi wa wolemba za sayansi woyamba zopeka HG Wells wake "nkhondo wazolengedwa" akufotokoza Martians zoopsa kuposa earthlings mu zaumisiri ndi zimauluka kuwononga chitukuko chathu. Ndipo Edgar Berrouz, m'malo mwake, atamukoka Mars Society apamwamba ndi amphamvu, ngakhale chidwi maganizo a kampani anakwera Earthman.

Ndipo kodi tinganene sayansi: Kodi pali moyo pa Mars?

Nthawi zambiri nkhani wosangalatsa monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, kumabweretsa olemba ndi atsogoleri monga malingaliro sayansi ndi maganizo za malire a zotheka. Kwa nthawi yoyamba asayansi ndikuona zomveka pa nkhani yoti pali moyo pa Mars, m'zaka XVII. Ndiye telesikopu, chinapezeka kuti dziko wofiira ali zisoti kumalo ozizira ayezi, ndi chiwerengero cha makhalidwe ena ofanana ndi dziko lapansi. Izi, kumene, zinachititsa kuti aliko zotheka wa nyama ndi zomera kumeneko. Umboni umboni akambirana asayansi a Dziko Lapansi mpaka nyengo ya kuyenda danga.

Pomaliza, kuthetsa mikangano ndi kaya pali moyo pa Mars kapena ayi, kwambiri akhoza njira imodzi yokha. Choncho, choyamba opangidwa chinthu unayambitsidwa kwa dziko mu 1962, koma sanasiye. Iwo anali zida Soviet Mars-1. Atsala pang'ono-2 anafika pamwamba pa dziko Komabe, anathyola pamene tidakocheza. Only Mars-3 mu 1971 bwinobwino cholinga ndipo anathandiza kunyamula angapo zatsopano wapatali. zikomo Soviet pulogalamu "Mars" ndi American "Viking" potsiriza anatenga womdziwa pafupi ndi thupi ili m'mwamba.

Mwatsoka kapena mwamwayi, spacecraft osati sanapeze kuda moyo, komanso zinthu zimene iwo anakumana ndi dziko wofiira, amakamba za ndikosatheka kuli zamoyo zovuta kumeneko. Komabe, ngakhale kuti m'mlengalenga Martian ndi makamaka carbon dioxide, masamba ziyembekezo kwambiri kupeza kuda moyo m'mbuyomu. Popeza kuti mpweya woipa ndi chipatso cha zomera. Ndiyeno pamaso yake anafotokoza ngati moyo pa Mars kwenikweni kale.

Kale mu 2000s, ndi spacecraft anali kachiwiri anatumiza kufufuza dziko. "Phoenix" mu 2008 ndipo Chidwi ( "Chidwi") mu 2012. The yamasika wonse siteshoni kafukufuku. Cholinga chake chinali bwinobwino la nthaka ya dziko. Ndipotu, kafukufuku yapita asonyeza kuti pakhoza kukhala zovuta. Koma ngati pali moyo pa Mars tizilomboto, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, komwe ndi kuya adzapezeka - ndi chidwi kwambiri chithunzi. Maziko a ziyembekezo awa meteorites chiyambi Martian umene unagwa kamodzi pa Dziko Lapansi. N'zosadabwitsa, kuda mabakiteriya wosazindikira apezeka kumeneko. Komanso pali zifukwa zokwanira kukhulupirira kuti lero dziko lili madzi. Ichi chimapereka mutu kwambiri kuyamba moyo mu mawonekedwe ake onse.