Kulengedwa kwa United Nations

UN kwa zaka zoposa 65, ndi nthumwi kwambiri padziko lonse bungwe kuthana nkhani zokhudza ndale za dziko, ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo padziko lonse.

Creation wa United Nations zidatheka pambuyo chigonjetso cha odana ndi Hitler Mgwirizano pa Germany ndi ogwirizana ake mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.

Chinthu choyamba kwa chilengedwe cha gulu lapadziko lonse, lomwe limachokera kuchokera mikangano ntchito kutsimikiza pakati pa mayiko pofuna kupewa zikamera wa nkhondo latsopano m'tsogolo, anali kusaina mgwirizano pakati pa USSR ndi Great Britain (12/07/1941). Kenako, mapangano ofanana anali lonjezolo Czechoslovakia ndi Poland.

Ngakhale kuti chaka cha chilengedwe cha United Nations - ndi 1945, ndondomeko za kukonzekera chochitika anayamba kale kwambiri. Mu August-September 1941, chikalata lisanalengedwe, kubweretsa pamodzi zofuna za mphamvu zitatu - Soviet Union, USA ndi UK. Iye anakhala maziko maganizo kwa latsopano odana lopondereza mgwirizano. Akaunti ya hayala Atlantic chifukwa cha mfundo, amene akuyenera kutsatira dziko panthawi ya nkhondo: palibe increments dera lawo, atagwira kusintha mayiko malire pokhapokha ndi chilolezo cha anthu okhala pa iwo.

January 1, 1942, Roosevelt, Churchill, Soviet kazembe Litvinov komanso nduna za nkhani zakunja kwa China Sun Tzu-Wen anasaina Declaration za United Nations. chikalata ichi chinali nkhani yopitiriza ya Atlantic hayala Analeredwa kale.

Pambuyo kupambana pa Stalingrad ndi Kursk lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi nkhani unawonongedwa kuthetsa chinaonekera. Kupambana kwakukulu analimbitsa ulamuliro wa Soviet Union pa dziko lonse. Moscow anagwira kanthu, ndipo patsogolo zamtendere. Creation wa United Nations anali anayambitsa ndendende Union akumvetsa kufunika kulenga gulu akhoza kukhala chitetezo ndi mtendere.

Funso kulenga amenewa bungwe anaukitsidwa pa Conference Moscow (October 1943). Panthawi imeneyi chikalatacho yosainidwa, zokhudza chitetezo padziko lonse. "Declaration za Nations Four," linapangidwa pamaziko a pangano tonse maiko nawo kumanga maunansi awo pa mfundo za demokalase wamphumphu.

chilengedwe tsiku UN Komabe, pali anali patali kutali. Ngakhale boma ndi kufunika kukhazikitsa bungwe posachedwapa chigamulo yomaliza panatenga zaka zambiri.

The mbali Soviet akufuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa nthumwi za mphamvu zitatu ntchito pa chitukuko cha nkhani zokhudzana kuvomerezedwa ndi nthumwi yatsopano ya gulu. Zochita anatengera pa Conference Moscow, anali kachiwiri anatsimikizira pa msonkhano wa Stalin, Churchill ndi Roosevelt ku Tehran.

Ndi 1944, zotsatira za nkhondo zachidziwikire. Ntchito pothetsa mavuto kugwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha gulu lapadziko lonse, iwo kwambiri itakula. Boma US wakhala akufuna kukachititsa msonkhano mu Washington. Mayiko "Big atatu" asinthanitsa memorandums maganizo ake pa udindo zofunika kwambiri. August 21, kutsegula kwa msonkhano.

Creation wa United Nations wakhala nkhani ya nthawi. Mayiko apanga zotsatirazi mfundo za Organization lonse lapansi: 1. kufanana mfumu ya States onse; 2. Kukana kuopseza mphamvu zothetsera mavuto; 3. The ntchito udindo wawo; 4. chokana kuthandiza mayiko umene Kukwanilitsa kanthu akutengedwa kapena za chikhalidwe njira; zotheka thandizo la Organization ndi States onse. 6. kuonetsetsa zochita za limati ena malinga ndi mfundo za Organization.

The matupi yaikulu ya General Assembly UN anayamba, Khoti mayiko a Justice, Council Security ndi Secretariat.

Kukhazikitsidwa yomaliza ya United Nations udzachitike mu 1945, pamene Conference San Francisco yosainidwa ndi ya hayala United Nations (26 June).