Monga anatulukira mfundo yakuti pazikhala kufanana ndi kuti kumafuna

Chakudya cha mfundo imeneyi ndi m'dera la asilikali kafukufuku yokoka ndi inertia. Nkhani imene ife pazikhala kufanana mfundo - mfundo heuristic, lomwe lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito yaikulu Albertom Eynshteynom, pamene ankafotokoza wake wamkulu anapeza sayansi - chiphunzitso ambiri relativity.

Maonekedwe kwambiri ambiri, mfundo Einstein wa pazikhala kufanana imafotokoza kuti magulu ankhondo yokoka zimachitika pakati pa zinthu mwachindunji njila kwa yokoka ya kulemera kwa thupi ndi mphamvu inertia wa thupi lomwelo, mu nkhani iyi, ndi njila kwa kulemera inertial thupi. Ndipo pamene ndi kulemera thupi ofanana, ndiye kudziwa za mphamvu kuchita thupi, sikutheka.

Pofuna kutsimikizira mfundo imeneyi, Einstein ntchito kuyesera. Muyenera kuona m'maganizo mwanu kuti matupi awiri chikepicho. Nyamulani Izi ndi wamphamvu kutali kuchitsatira pa gravitating matupi ndipo amayendayenda ndi mathamangitsidwe. Pankhaniyi, matupi onse ali ndichikepe, adzachita mphamvu ya inertia, ndipo iwo adzakhala ndi thupi ena.

Ngati Nyamulani ndi yosasuntha, thupi mkati nawonso kulemera, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu onse kutembenuka makina zidzachitika mofanana mu zikepe onse. Amenewa Einstein anakafika zochitika zonse za zimango, ndipo ngakhale lonse la sayansi, ndiye anapeza wasayansi analoŵa mfundo zofunika pazikhala kufanana.

Masiku ano, ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti mfundo yakuti pazikhala kufanana angathe kuonedwa ngati zikuluzikulu lonse chiphunzitso cha relativity, choncho m'munda yokoka ndi chimango sanali inertial Buku. Komabe, mawu otere kuonedwa chomveka yekha mu gawo chabe. chakuti mchitidwe uliwonse sanali inertial mu chiphunzitso chapadera cha relativity Einstein n'ngozikidwa pa ochiritsira liniya danga nthawi. Mchiphunzitso ambiri, womwenso mfundo chinkafunika la mphamvu yokoka nthawi ndi yokhota kumapeto. Iwo anafotokoza kuti zikusiyana ichi ndi chakuti mfundo chinkafunika lilibe lonse machitidwe inertial. Apa mfundo yakuti pazikhala kufanana angasonyeze Koma ngati, ngati sitisamala kupindika yokha.

Komanso m'pofunika kusiyanitsa mabaibulo ofooka ndi amphamvu chiwonetsero cha mfundo yakuti pazikhala kufanana ndi kusiyana ndicho izo sizidzatero pa mtunda kakang'ono pakati pa zinthu zosiyana achindunji malamulo a chilengedwe, kaya awa zinthu zina za mafelemu a Buku.

mfundo zofunika za chiphunzitso chimenechi, Einstein anakonza mu 1907. Mukamakambirana kufunika kwa mfundo imeneyi kudutsa sayansi ayenera kuti anapeza Einstein ukupitiriza ndipo akufotokozera kukondweretsa Galileo kupeza matupi onse, kaya kulemera, mathamangitsidwe m'munda yokoka. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti mapeto a pazikhala kufanana ya misa inertial. Kenako pazikhala kufanana uyu anali anayeza metrically, ndi lolondola mpaka 12 kanjedza kwambiri.

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti ntchito atulukira Einstein ndi ntchito pokhapokha pa okhudza malo lonse otsika, chifukwa yekha pansi pa zikhalidwe izi tinganene kuti nkhaniyi yafika nthawi zonse.

Einstein anawonjezera mfundo wake pazikhala kufanana mafelemu onse Buku amene ali mfulu kugwa, komanso mwatsatanetsatane zachitika mfundo dongosolo la mpingowo. Izi zinali zofunikira chifukwa m'chilengedwe munda yokoka uli ponseponse, ndipo malingaliro zimasintha - izo zimasiyanasiyana mfundo kuwalozera chifukwa iliyonse ya makhalidwe awo chibadidwe parametric. Choncho, kachitidwe, malinga ndi Einstein, sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi inertial, amene akuphwanya lamulo loyamba Newton.