Supermassive wakuda dzenje pa likulu la Milky Way. Supermassive wakuda benga OJ 287 quasar

Posachedwapa, sayansi wakhala bwinobwino kuti kodi dzenje wakuda. Koma asayansi sadzachitanso anachitira ndi chodabwitsa cha chilengedwe, iwo anagwapo watsopano, zinthu zambiri zovuta ndi zosamvetsetseka: a supermassive wakuda dzenje lomwe ndi wakuda, ndipo ena dzina, koma zonyezimira woyera. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndipo chifukwa ngati tanthauzo anapatsidwa likulu la lililonse Way, amene glows ndi kuwala. Koma m'pofunika ndiponso, kuwonjezera wakuda, pali kanthu katsalira. Kodi uwu ndi mtundu wa chithunzi?

Memo za mabowo wakuda

Amadziwika kuti ndi wakuda dzenje yosavuta - ndi kamodzi nyenyezi. Pa siteji ena linakhalapo mphamvu yokoka kukhala prohibitively kuwonjezeka, pamene utali wozungulira akhala sichinasinthe. Koma poyamba nyenyeziyo "akuphulikira", ndipo iye anali kukula, koma tsopano mphamvu wambiri pakati pake penipeni, anayamba kukopa zigawo zina zonse. m'mbali ake "kugwa pansi" pakati n'kupanga zosaneneka mphamvu kugwa kuti ndipo dzenje wakuda. Awa "wakale nyenyezi" Kodi kuwala, ndipo kwathunthu zinthu kunja wosaoneka chonse. Koma iwo ali noticeable ndithu monga kuyamwa basi pafupi chirichonse chimene afika mu utali wozungulira awo yokoka. Sizikudziwika chimene chinapangitsa amenewa chochitika kaja. Pamaziko a maumboni, munthu wina Ndi mphamvu kotero lingamutsatire kwenikweni wosweka. Koma posachedwapa, osati nthano, koma asayansi kutsatira zoti zikhoza kukhala mtundu wa una wa dziko ulendo wautali.

ndi quasar Kodi

katundu Awa supermassive wakuda dzenje, mu kulankhula kwina, quasar. Ichi ndi maziko a Way, amene ali wapamwamba wamphamvu yokoka munda umene ulipo likuvutika misa (mamiliyoni kapena mabiliyoni ambirimbiri dzuwa). Mfundo mapangidwe mabowo supermassive wakuda bola ngati sikunali kotheka kukhazikitsa. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, chifukwa chotero kugwa kwambiri wothinikizidwa mpweya mitambo, mpweya umene pangotsala kwambiri, ndi kutentha kwambiri mkulu. Baibulo chachiwiri - ndi increment wa khwimbi la zosiyanasiyana zolowa wakuda mabowo, nyenyezi ndi mitambo malo wamba yokoka.

Way wathu

The supermassive wakuda dzenje pa likulu la Milky Way sikuphatikizidwa mu gulu la amphamvu kwambiri. chakuti Way iyoyomwe dongosolo mwauzimu, amene nawonso, zimapangitsa kwa gulu lonse kuti zoyenda zonse, ndi kudya mokwanira. Choncho, mphamvu yokoka kuti akhoza kuyang'ana mwapadera mu quasar, monga adamwazika, ku mphepete kwa ukuwonjezeka pachimake wogawana. N'kosavuta kwa ndikuganiza kuti mu nkhani ya nyenyezi elliptical kapena, nkuti, osasamba, zinthu njira zina. Pa "mzinda" wachotsedwa kwambiri danga, mapulaneti ndi nyenyezi kusuntha. Koma quasar weniweniwo kwenikweni moyo muli.

Magawo quasar Milky Way

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira wailesi interferometry ofufuza adakhoza kuwerengera Unyinji wa wakuda dzenje supermassive, utali wozungulira ake, ndi mphamvu yokoka. Monga taonera, quasar wathu kuthima mphamvu wapamwamba kuitana kovuta, koma ngakhale zakuthambo sanayembekezere kuti chidzachitikira woona. Choncho, Sagittarius A * (otchedwa pakati) ndi ofanana ndi misa miliyoni anayi dzuwa. Komanso, chifukwa deta zoonekeratu, dzenje wakuda uyu si ngakhale kuyamwa vuto ndi zinthu zimene ali zachilengedwe, osati kutenthetsa. Pamene anazindikira mfundo zosangalatsa: quasar amatanthauza kumizidwa mu mitambo gasi, nkhani yomwe ndi otsika kwambiri. Mwina, tsopano tangoyamba zamoyo mabowo supermassive wakuda mu mlalang'amba wathu, ndi mabiliyoni a zaka adzakhala chimphona kuti kukopa osati kachitidwe mapulaneti, komanso ena, masango ang'onoang'ono nyenyezi.

Kodi yaing'ono Kapena kodi misa quasar wathu, asayansi ambiri kugunda utali wozungulira ake. Theoretically, mtunda izi zikhoza kuthetsa mu zaka zingapo mmodzi wa spacecraft ano. Miyeso ya supermassive dzenje wakuda zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa mtunda pafupifupi ku Earth kwa Sun, ndipo 1.2 zakuthambo mayunitsi. Mphamvu utali wozungulira quasar nthawi 10 kakang'ono kuposa awiri waukulu. Mu mawu awa, ndithudi, nkhani imeneyi si singulirovat mpaka mwachindunji mitanda mwambo kaja.

mfundo paradoxical

Way Milky Way uli ndi gulu la achinyamata ndipo latsopano nyenyezi masango. Izi zikuonekera bwino osati ndi zaka zake, miyeso ndi udindo pa malo mapu kwa munthu, komanso mphamvu imene liri supermassive wakuda dzenje. Komabe, monga kunapezeka, "woseketsa" magawo kungakhale osati achinyamata danga zinthu. A zambiri quasars, okhoza zosaneneka ndi mphamvu yokoka, n'zosadabwitsa kuti katundu wake:

• mpweya Normal zambiri ali osalimba wamkulu kuposa mabowo supermassive wakuda.
• Kukwera mwambo kaja, thupi Simumva magulu osefukira. Popeza kuti malo a chikhalidwe ndi akuya kwambiri, ndipo kuti kuchikwaniritsa, adzatengedwa kupita kutali, ngakhale kudziwa kuti ndimabwerera zidzatha.

Zimphona za Chilengedwe

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zambiri bulky ndi zaka danga ndi supermassive wakuda dzenje quasar ndi OJ 287. Ndi lonse latsertidy ili kuwundana za khansa, amene poyamba, zimavuta kwambiri kuona Earth. Bukuli lili ndi dongosolo wapawiri mabowo wakuda Choncho, pali awiri chochitika kaja ndi mfundo ziwiri za chikhalidwe. LOB ali ndi kulemera misa madzuwa biliyoni 18, pafupifupi ngati Way yaing'ono zonse. Bwenzi Izi malo amodzi okha atembenuza zinthu kuti kugwa mu utali wozungulira yokoka. dongosolo A ang'onoang'ono akulemera 100 miliyoni misa dzuwa, komanso ali nthawi limanena, zimene ziri zaka 12.

oopsa m'dera

Way OJ 287, ndi Milky Way, monga chinapezeka kukhala anansi - mtunda wa pakati pawo ndi biliyoni 3.5 kuwala zaka. Akatswiri a sayansi ya chiyani sunaletse buku la kuti posachedwapa, matupi awa awiri dziko adzawombana, kupanga dongosolo zovuta la nyenyeziyo. Malinga ndi Baibulo akuti chifukwa cha mgwirizano woterowo chimphona yokoka kayendedwe ka machitidwe mapulaneti Way wathu nthawi zonse mofulumira, ndi nyenyezi kukhala motentha ndi mbali.

Supermassive mabowo wakuda kwenikweni woyera

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino Ndinaleredwa nkhani yovuta kwambiri: mtundu umene ife amphamvu kwambiri quasars hocks, sangathe adzatchedwa wakuda. Kuti apoyera ngakhale zithunzi kwambiri wodzichepetsa wa Way aliyense Tingaone kuti likulu lake - chachikulu choyera malo. Nanga n'chifukwa timakhulupirira kuti supermassive wakuda dzenje? Photo anatengedwa kudzera telesikopu tionetseni kuwundana yaikulu nyenyezi kuti amakopeka pachimake. Mapulaneti ndi asteroids kuti kumayenda pamtunda woyenera pozungulira pafupi, chifukwa umakhala pafupi zimaonetsela Choncho kuchulukitsa onse alipo pafupi kuwala. Popeza quasars si omangika pa liwiro mphezi zinthu zonse pafupi, koma kuwasunga iwo mu utali wozungulira yokoka, iwo kutha, ndipo anayamba kuwala kwambiri, chifukwa kutentha awo kukula mofulumira. Koma maenje wamba wakuda kulili m'mlengalenga, dzina lawo kwathunthu wolungama. The miyeso ndi ochepa, koma mphamvu yokoka ndi zoopsa. Amangoika "kudya" kuwala, osati kuvomereza magombe ake fotoni umodzi.

Cinema ndi supermassive wakuda dzenje

Gargantua - anthu, akuti ankagwira ntchito pofotokoza mabowo wakuda pambuyo zowonetsera mu filimu "Interstellar". Kuyang'ana mwa chithunzi ichi, n'zovuta kumvetsa chifukwa chake anasankha dzina ili ndi kumene kugwirizana. Koma mu nkhani ija, tinakonza kulenga mabowo atatu wakuda, awiri a yomwe inatenga maina a Gargantua ndi Pantagruel, lotengedwa kuchokera ku buku satirical ndi Fransua Rable. Pambuyo kusintha apo panali mmodzi yekha "kalulu dzenje" akusonyeza kuti dzina lake loyamba anasankhidwa. Dziwani kuti filimu limasonyeza dzenje wakuda zosankhazo komanso mavuto zotheka. Ndiko kunena kuti, kamangidwe ka maonekedwe ake anali pachibwenzi wasayansi Kip Thorne, zomwe zinali zochokera kuphunzira katundu wa matupi awa dziko.

Monga taphunzira za mabowo wakuda?

Ngati osati chiphunzitso cha relativity, umene akufuna Albertom Eynshteynom m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, palibe amene mwina ngakhale kulabadira zinthu izi mwachinsinsi. Supermassive dzenje wakuda kuti kuonedwa ngati limodzi wamba nyenyezi pakati pa mlalang'ambawu, ndiponso anthu wamba, yaing'ono, kodi padera. Koma lero, chifukwa kuwerengetsera ongolankhula ndi kuyang'anila amene kutsimikizira n'loonadi awo, tikhoza kusunga chodabwitsa, monga kupindika danga nthawi. Asayansi amakono amanena kuti kupeza "kalulu dzenje" si zovuta. Padziko nkhani chinthu khalidwe abnormally, si yekha m'mbuyo, koma nthawi zina glows. Padziko wakuda dontho aumbike kampira yowala amene ali kuoneka pa makinawa a. M'mbali zambiri chikhalidwe cha mabowo wakuda zimatithandiza kumvetsa mbiri mapangidwe chonse. Pamalowa awo ndi mfundo za chikhalidwe, ngati wina umene kale anayamba dziko lonse otizungulira.

Sizikudziwika zimene zidzachitika kwa munthu amene awoloka chochitika kaja. ngati yokoka tulo ake, kapena izo zikanadzakhala mu malo osiyana kwambiri? Chinthu chokha chimene tinganene motsimikizira kotheratu - gargantuan kubweza nthawi, ndipo panthawi ina ola dzanja kale ndipo amasiya zonse.