Kulikovo Field kumene? Museum "Kulikovo Field"

Mtima uliwonse Russian mtengo Kulikovo Field, malo kumene kunali munthu wa nkhondo yovuta kwambiri kwa ufulu wa dziko lathu. Iwo linathyoka nkhani ya invincibility wa Mongol khamu, nthawi ukapolo anthu ambiri okhala Europe ndi ku Asia.

Mogwirizana ndi tsoka ku Ukraine wakhala amadziwika onse, Odessa ndi Kulikovo Field. ndi ubale nthawi yaitali nkhondo ndi imfa ya anthu osalakwa manja a nationalists chiyani? Mwachionekere, mu kukhalapo kwa nkhanza aukali inadzudzula kwambiri chosalimba koyamba choonadi mphamvu.

Kulambira otchuka mu Petrine nyengo

Mu mwambo Russian kulenga chikumbutso asilikali anali anayakira mfumu yoyamba Peter Wamkulu. Kumanga maloko sanaletse mfumu kukaona malo a nkhondo wotchuka, amene chinali chiyambi cha kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian. Kalekale wobiriwira thundu nkhalango, kudula mitengo imene lamulo apamwamba analetsedwa, ndipo anakhala woyamba Russian Nature Reserve. Izi chipilala wamoyo anakhala kachisi kumene iliyonse patriot akhoza kugwadira chintchito makolo. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, zinthu zakuthupi yekha, amatikumbutsa ulemerero wake wakale, zotsalira anali yotsatira kuchokera alimi dziko. Atsamunda amene anayambitsa m'mudzi (Green mitengo Tatinskie Ford, Red Hill ndi Don) pamene akulima zambiri kudutsa makombo a malupanga, zishango, arrowheads ndi mtanda otchuka amene anatenga nkhondo yomaliza. Ndipo panali nkhani, nthano ndi wowerengeka kukumbukira, adutsa pansi ku mibadwomibadwo.

Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha

Kukwera kwa chikumbumtima dziko, kunachitika pambuyo Napoleonic kuwukira zinayambitsa anthu chokumbukira kupambana zapitazi. Ine sindikanakhoza kukhala kutali ndi mzinda wa ulemerero wa gunsmiths - Tula. Kulikovo kumunda chinthu kuwalambira. Kudzera mwa akuluakulu a zigawo, mothandizidwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo, amalonda pa anthu apa tinayamba kumanga nyumba yoyamba, ft moyo imeneyi kumuwombera wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy. Poyamba izo pathupi zikuluzikulu zomangamanga, kukhala cholinga wapawiri: kupereka msonkho kwa ngwazi za nkhondo yomaliza ndi ntchito kuchititsa zamaulendo ndi nkhani zakale ake ndi zochuluka, ndi kupitirizabe chikumbukiro cha gulu la nkhondo, amene anali zinayi kuposa zaka. Kuti athe kukhazikitsa dongosolo analephera chifukwa cha kusowa ndalama.

Akachisi ndi zipilala za m'ma lomaliza

Only mu 1850 Kulikovo kumunda, kapena kani, Red Hill, chokongoletsedwa ndi chipilala ndi A. P. Bryullova - obelisk anamangidwa mu ulemu wa wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy. Wina chikumbutso amafotokozera za kubadwa kwa Yesu mwa Namwali, zinalengedwa ndi AG Bocharnikova pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri, ndipo linamalizidwa mu 1884. Koma chachikulu Orthodox zipilala, mpingo Sergiya Radonezhskogo, anamaliza gulu loyimba mu 1917. Ndiye, kwa zaka zambiri, malo opatulika Inabuka anaiwalika. The watsopano Bolshevik boma linali ndi anthu otchuka a Nthawi makedzana, iwo ali nazo zokwanira awo ...

Njira sayansi

Kodi wotchuka Kulikovo munda? Tula dera, mwa amene gawo losaiwalika m'mbiri chochitika mu zaka zao za sikisite ya atumwi wotsiriza, anasanduka malo zafukulidwa ndi maphunziro, amene pamodzi ndi zipangizo kale analola kufotokoza umboni ofotokoza za njira ya nkhondo, magawo ake, ndi kuzindikira malo nkhondo kwambiri kwambiri. Tsopano asayansi ndi digiri yapamwamba ya Mwina amadziwika, ntchito anachita m'mbiri ya Kulikovo Field. Museum (Tula Regional Studies) bungwe zisudzo nthawi yomweyo anatsegula apadera nthambi ya ntchito yomwe apatsidwa yeniyeni: kuzindikira ndi wolungama zambiri amanena za chiyambi cha zochitika September 1380. Zinali zovuta, koma olemba mbiri agwiritsapo.

malo nkhondo

Malo a malo kumene Kulikovo Field, zaka zambiri zasintha kwambiri. Pofuna kubwezeretsa zinthu za m'ma 1830, kunali koyenera yolenganso pa mapu ndi zitsanzo. Onse a m'zaka za zana zapitazo anapanga kudula mitengo, dothi eroding mpumulo angaimbidwenso. Nepryadva ndi Don anakhala ang'onoang'ono, amenenso angaletsedwe mkuntho. Ndipo komabe, tiyerekeze chithunzi ngati n'kotheka, komanso kubwezeretsa mapulani mwatsatanetsatane Dmitriya Donskogo.

A bungwe la nkhondo ndi nkhondo dongosolo

Amadziwika kuti Kulikovo Field ili makilomita asanu kuchokera pano m'mudzi Monastyrshchino. Kuyambira mfundo lankhondo la view, malo osankhidwa. Popeza kuti njira ankakonda wa Mongol-Chitata khamu anali workaround, Russian Prince akutchalitchi kwawo anamuchotsa zotheka mdani nkhokwe kuteteza onse flanks madzi zopinga - phula mitsinje ndi wotsika Dubik. Komabe, tsenga chachikulu chinali kuti awalande Regiment, ukryvshemsya mu Green Dubrava. Inakhalapo kwa asilikali osankhidwa.

munda Kulikovo waukulu, ndi malo oposa makumi atatu makilomita lalikulu, koma kuwonongeka waukulu mdani chidachitika pa gawo yaing'ono - mamita mazana atatu ndi mazana asanu.

Koma kale zacha mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo, panali akulu ankhondo, zomwe panafika abwanamkubwa ndi akalonga. Ena a iwo, kuyembekeza mavuto kugwirizana ndi kukakamiza Don, anapereka kutenga chitetezo pa gombe kumanzere, popanda kugonjetsa ngozi madzi. Pa izi Prince wotchedwa Dmitry iye anapereka yankho kuti kumveka mu anatengera zamakono izi: "Kulibwino sindikanapita makamu a mizimu osaopa kuposa akubwera, kuchita kanthu. Lero, tiyeni kwa Don, ndipo tiyeni mutu kumeneko abale athu! ".

Nkhondo kawirikawiri kukolola kwa dongosolo, koma nthawi iyi, pafupifupi onse analephera. Kodi tsopano paima m'mudzi Tatinkom, milatho zinamangidwa, ndi apakavalo anapeza Ford. Izo zinachitika pa usiku wa September 8, anatha kusunga chinsinsi polowa.

Pamaso nkhondo, Prince wotchedwa Dmitry sanali kugona, anauza asilikali kumenyana molimba mtima komanso sanalekerere yekha. Misty m'mawa anali nkhondowo analamula mu echelons atatu. Mu patsogolo oyenda Regiment Kenako anamanga Regiment lalikulu (waukulu chidwi mphamvu), iwo wotchedwa Dmitry analamula panokha. Panalinso zopatsidwa kuti athandizire malangizo amene padzakhala zinthu yovuta. Camouflaged mu wobiriwira thundu malo Regiment molamulidwa ndi kazembe Bobrok ndi Vladimira Serpuhovskogo anakumana ndi udindo wapadera. Pa zochita zawo kudalira moyo wonse wa kumuwombera ndi wotchedwa Dmitry.

Mdani ndi asilikali ake

Mamay anasamukira pang'onopang'ono, chikhulupiriro mu mphamvu ya ankhondo ake. Zinali ambiri ndi upambana mphamvu akhoza kutsutsa rusichi. Komanso anali kugwirizana ndi Tartars anagwirizana squads Olega Ryazanskogo ndi Grand Duke la Lithuania Jogaila. Ola pamaso kupendeka vanguard, wopangidwa mwa mercenaries Genoese anapita Kulikovo munda ndipo anatenga malo kutsogolo kutsogolo kwa asilikali Russian. Anaonera ayendetsa kwa Red Hill Amayi, musati kuwoneratu mavuto alionse ndi zodabwitsa. Pachikhalidwe, mu zoni ndale pakati pa asilikali anali abwino a karate luso otchuka. Chitata kuika Chelubey ndi Russian mmonke Peresvet. Magulu anali ofanana, palibe munthu ankafuna kupereka mwa kupha awiri wankhondo. Ndiyeno anayamba ...

A Sound nkhondo

Kukangana nkhondo ndi mbiri yakale nthawi yaitali ndaweruza molingana ndi kufotokoza kwake mu "Transdoniad" - analemba ndi wolemba osadziwika, mwina atangotha nkhondo, kapena patsogolo pang'ono. Tikamazunzidwa kugunda magulu awiri zimachitika ndi ambiri akuvutika mangawawo. MwaukadauloZida Regiment idagonjetsedwa ndi chikwapu ngati udzu, ndiye kuchiyambi kwa Regiment Big, kuti ndicho Russian asilikali. Relegating malangizo chachikulu kuukira pa pambali kumanzere, Chitata mbamuikha iye Nepryadva kuopseza Kuphunzira. Mamai ankaona kuti chigonjetso chake chili pafupi, koma ndiye, monga mwa dongosolo mwatsatanetsatane, anagunda mukafuna Regiment, kuwasautsa ndi kuthawa mdani. Russian Chitata anathamangitsa, smashing iwo mwankhanza. Akaphunzira wa kukaphedwa, anathawa ndi kuyembekezera Mamai ogwirizana, sanakhale nawo nkhondo.

Wagwa ngwazi m'manda masiku atatu. Moscow anapambana, kukumana opambana pa October 1. Wotchedwa Dmitry Prince analandira "Don" udindo.

Pa nkhani njira

Aluso mu njira za mkulu ndi woyenera ulemu, koma wanzeru pulani ya namatetule woyenera mutu. Kungoyang'ana pa mapu Russia, n'zotheka kumvetsa zimene zinayenera mbiri Kulikovo munda wathu. Tula dera mwa malire ake lili pa njira ku Volga kumpoto-kum'mawa kwa dziko. Molongosola m'dera la Kolomna yaikulu mu mbiri ya Russia magulu ankhondo Prince wotchedwa Dmitry anaganiza kumumenya Mayi, kuyembekezera kulanga recalcitrant Moscow chifukwa chokana kupereka msonkho ndi kusiya kutsatira ake kupeza ulamuliro wonse.

Gulu akukonzekera "chachikulu kukwera" zotsatira pafunika tsogolo la asilikali zolusa, ndi Chitata anakhazikitsako mwamphamvu kwambiri. Palibe kukaika kuti ngati iwo anakwanitsa kutenga bwino Kulikovo, maulendowa Chilango akanati kuposa wildest mfundo nkhanza. Mwanjira imeneyi, chigonjetso cha wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy ankavala khalidwe njira, kutsegula Russian zakhala zikuchitika.

M'zaka zapitazi,

Mu 1980, pamene phwando lokumbukira nkhondo zaka wamkulu ndi chimodzi, iyo wabwezeretsedwa mpingo Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Panopo ali iliyonse ndi chionetsero unachitikira m'mudzi Monastyrshchino. nkhalango antchito Ambiri recreate maonekedwe wotchuka wa Edene. Mutapeza ufulu Russia mu chimango cha lamulo "Pa Masiku a usilikali Ulemerero" (1995) anaganiza kukhazikitsa malo m'mbiri "Kulikovo Field". Museum anapitiriza ntchito ya sayansi, ndi lotseguka kwa anthu. Chikumbukiro zovuta zikuphatikizapo mtanda chikumbutso Green Dubrava, Kubadwa kwa Yesu la Namwali Wodalitsidwa, chipilala Dmitriyu Donskomu Alley ndi lokumbukira ndi Umodzi.

Odessa Kulikovo Field

Ngati inu anatuluka galimoto pa Odessa pasiteshoni ya sitima, funsani nzika wamba za malo a munda Kulikovo, dziwani kuti sadzalola inu Tula, ndipo amasonyeza chala mpandawo. Inde, ngakhale kuti pafupifupi zaka la Soviet Union, m'dera anatenga dzina la zisinthe (poyamba chabe, ndiye, kodi kuganiza, October), onse anawatcha iwo akale achikale njira, monga mfumu.

Padangokhala, zaka mazana awiri zapitazo, malo okwerera anali chakumapeto a mzinda. Panali malire a Porto Franco (lero adzatchedwa woyendera nthambi ya malonda ufulu), amalembedwa mwa mtsinje, ndipo onse anali kwambiri kanthu, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito asilikali kutsogolo-mzere wa Odessa zolimbitsa Regiment, atavala yunifolomu wakuda ndi epaulettes wofiira. Ndi malo anasangalala zakuda mbiri, kenako kuphedwa ndi zigawenga m'manda boma. Near panali ndende. Koma pofika cha m'ma, mantha onse awa apita, izo kwambiri mofulumira m'mayiko osauka ndi izo - Odessa. Kulikovo kumunda malo a promenades madzulo ndipo ngakhale lachisangalalo.

Pa Civil nkhondo ndi phukusi apa anayamba kukaika, ndi onse mu mzere. Akuvutika chifukwa cha nkhondowo m'tauni, Haidamaks, mwachisawawa akufa, asilikali a thupi yachilendo anakwiriridwa mu munda Kulikovo ndi kuiwalika. Kukumbukiridwa mu 1967 chokha ngwazi za zisinthe, ndipo wakhumudwa squat chipilala pafupi terminus ya sitima 17 TH ndi 18 zodutsa TH. mzinda kukodzedwa kutali kwambiri ndi mzere kungoganiza, kumene Kulikovo munda anatanthauza malire ake.

Kenako linamangidwa ndi Party Regional Committee, ndiye iye anadzakhala Nyumba ya Trade okhaokha.

Odessa misonkhano

Wokhala nawo palokha mzinda Ukraine, Odessa amakhalabe chosiyana ndi ambiri English kulankhula. Sitingathe kunena kuti m'tauni anagwirizana anathandiza "Maidan", komanso kuti afotokoze ayi. Ndiko wogawanika pa kasupe misewu Nthawi zambiri misonkhano, masoka ndi ayi, ndithudi imene inalipo skirmishes, makamaka mawu.

Chinthu n'chakuti anthu a kummwera kwa mzinda (osati iwo) sanali anafunsa ngati amakonda kapena ayi chomwe chinachitika mu Kiev. wina titanyowa ndi mpweya loyamba ufulu mpweya wa mfundo za demokalase anagwiriridwa, chimene nthawizonse wakhala wotchuka Odessa. Kulikovo kumunda malo amene anthu amene sakuzindikira zolinga za "zana wakumwamba" mwamtendere zionetsero. Mboni otsimikiza kuti palibe aukali kanthu nzika (makamaka achikulire) sadzipereka. Iwo basi anayima pamenepo, mwakachetechete akulankhula, kumvetsera nyimbo, kuonera lalikulu plasma TV, omwe anali ukufalitsidwa pa nkhani Russian. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ambiri a iwo anaphedwa. Ndi kutentha.

Vuto la May 2

Baibulo boma kuti pambuyo machesi, "Chernomorets" ndi "Metalist" mbali kukonda dziko lako anaganiza kugwira ulendo imene wosadziwika "wothandizira wa GRU" (m'lingaliro kuti Sizikudziwika ngati iwo anali nthumwi za GRU) anatsegula moto ndi handguns. Pakhalanso ngakhale atavutika Komabe, sanawapeze, kuphimba mmwamba zovala atagona matupi m'misewu zionetsero nationalists sankaloledwa polisi kapena madokotala. Ndiye iwo onse mbisoweka penapake zikusonyeza kuti anthuwo si wakufa. Ndiye kusalankhula (mwakuwoneka) khamulo, smashing hema pa malo Greek, anasamukira ku mbali ya malo pamene iwo anali anaikira "magulu oipa" kuti zinthu zonse za Odessa "antimaydan". Kulikovo Field mphindi wodzazidwa aukali anyamata okhala ndi mafuta, mabotolo pulasitiki ndi mfuti. Lankhosa zionetsero ku Nyumba ya mabungwe Trade, iwo anachita mfundo yaikulu ya dongosolo - kuphedwa. Kachiwiri, monga Baibulo boma la lamoto wovulalayo nokha ...