Sophia, Mfumukazi: yonena, photos, nthawi ya ulamuliro

Mu Russia kwa zaka za m'ma 17 mochedwa panali chinachake zosaneneka: m'dziko limene Domostroi miyambo anali amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo akazi anali kwakukulukulu reclusive moyo, Mfumukazi Sophia anayamba kusamalira nkhani za boma. Izo zinachitika mwadzidzidzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumene, kuti Russian anayamba kuona zimene zinachitikazi ngati chinachake mopepuka. Mpaka nthawi zina, palibe wina amakwiya Mfumukazi Sophia, amene ali zosazolowereka mbiri. Komabe, Patapita zaka zingapo, pamene iye anali impso mphamvu pochitika m'manja a Peter Ine, anthu sankadziwa mmene zinachitikadi kuti iwo analemekeza Mfumukazi, amene anali yekha mkazi. Kumene, munthu wotchuka otchuka anali Mfumukazi Sophia. Photo ndi yonena kuti adzakupatsani inu lingaliro za izo.

Sophia moyo seclusion

Zonse zinayamba ndi imfa ya Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Komabe, pambuyo pa imfa yake, Mfumukazi Sophia (ulamuliro - 1682-1689) sizinayende kuzindikira kuti anali mfulu. Mwana autocrat anakhala recluse mu Nyumbayi zaka 19 ndi alongo ake. Iye amapita ku tchalitchi kokha pamene limodzi ndi zina anapezeka ndi ulaliki wa bambo ake, anakonza kuchokera Artamona Matveeva. Mfumukazi anabweretsa Domostroi, komanso anali mmodzi wa ophunzira bwino Simeona Polotskogo, ndi mphunzitsi wotchuka. Iye ali bwino mu Polish, kuwerenga mu Greek ndi Latin. Mobwerezabwereza mkazi odabwa mumsewumo, popeza analemba tsoka, zomwe zinachitika m'banja. Ndipo nthawizina iye analemba ndakatulo Sophia. Mfumukazi choncho katswiri pa zojambulajambula, izo zadziwidwa ngakhale wolemba otchuka ndi mbiri Karamzin. Iye analemba kuti talente wa kalonga inam'lola kupikisana ndi olemba bwino.

mwayi A kutuluka nsanja

Mu 1676, ndi inalowa la Fedor Alekseevich, m'bale wake wa Sofia, yotsirizira mwadzidzidzi anazindikira kuti panali mwayi potsiriza kutuluka nsanja. mchimwene wake anali kudwala, ndi pa nthawi ino nthawi zambiri anapeza pafupi Sofia iye. Mfumukazi ankakonda m'zipinda Theodore, analankhulana ndi clerks ndi boyars, anakumana mu Duma, wofufuza akamanena za ulamuliro.

Mfumu anafa 1682, ndi mavuto dynastic anafika ku boma. Pretenders ufumu ndi yosayenera kwa malo amenewa akamasamalira. Olowa anali mwana Natali Naryshkinoy wamng'ono Peter ndi wopusa Ivan, amene anabereka Maria Miloslavskaya Alexei Mikhailovich. maphwando awiriwa - ndi Naryshkin ndi Miloslavskys - kumenyana pakati pawo.

Chisankho cha Mfumu Peter

King, malingana ndi mwambo, anali kukhala Ivan. Zimenezi zikanachititsa zikuphatikizapo kufunika kusamalira nthawi ya ulamuliro wake. Pa kuyembekezera Sophia. The kalonga anakhumudwa pamene mfumu Peter 10 wazaka anasankhidwa. Sophie akanangokhoza kum'thokoza ndi wa theka-m'bale wake. Iye tsopano wakhala kovuta kutsutsa kumbali ya ulamuliro wake.

musketeers chipolowe ndi gulu Sophia

Koma Sophia analibe kanthu kutaya. Mphamvu ndipo ankachita okha kalonga sanathe amapondereza zinthu mokomera ake. Pakuti cholinga wake ankachita Royal maalumali Sofia. Mfumukazi kuwasintha kuukira imene mwalamulo anayamba kulamulira, John ndi Peter. Koma Sophia chinali ndi boma.

Komabe, chimwemwe cha chipulumutso angakhale msanga. masiku awa mphamvu ya Sophia ankaoneka ghostly. Sagittarians, amene anali kuyang'anira Prince Khovanskii, anali kwambiri mphamvu yeniyeni. Sofia pansi malingaliro ankakopa ku likulu ku mudzi Khovanskii Vozdvizhenskoe. Pano mutu wa kuti woponya mlandu woukira boma ndi kuphedwa. asilikali Choncho, sanali mtsogoleri. Mfumukazi Sophia yomweyo anataya kulira lolimbikitsa kuteteza yovomerezeka ulamuliro Noble asilikali. Oponya mivi anali mu mkhalidwe mantha, iwo sankadziwa choti nkuchita. Poyamba pakati kulimbana wolamulira ndi boyars, koma ndinadzuka nthawi ndi anagonja. Sophia tsopano kuwauza chifuniro chake musketeers. Choncho anayamba 7 chaka regency Sophia Alekseevna.

Prince Golitsyn, commutation

Favorit Sofia, Prince Vasily Golitsyn (onani chithunzi pamwambapa), anali mtsogoleri wa boma. Zinali luso nthumwi. Pafupi ndi mosalekeza naye wapanga Sophia olimbikira kutsatira za chifundo ndi maphunziro. Mwa njira, mphekesera atsopano okhudza kukhalapo kugwirizana chithupithupi pakati pawo. Koma palibe makalata ndi ankakonda kalonga kapena umboni zokhudza nthawi ya ulamuliro wake, musati akutitsimikizira izi.

Komabe, zotsatira pa Golitsyn Sophia ndithu kunali kwakukulu. Makamaka, lamulo linaperekedwa, chimene angongole sankaloledwa kutenga kuchita amuna amangawa ngongole popanda akazi awo. Komanso, analetsedwa kusonkhanitsa ngongole kwa ana ndi akazi amasiye, ngati wasiya malo atamwalira atate awo ndi amuna. Kuyambira tsopano, chifukwa "mawu choipitsitsa" osati anaphedwa. Chilango chaukali linasintha Buku ndi chikwapu. Poyamba, mkazi wosakhulupirika kwa mwamuna wake pa khosi m'manda mu nthaka moyo. Tsopano chotero imfa yowawa linasintha ndi opepuka - wompereka akufuna kuwadula.

chitukuko makampani

Board Sophia tinaonera ndi chiwerengero cha njira ya chitukuko cha mafakitale, chitsitsimutso cha malonda ndi West. Zimenezi zinakhudza makamaka kuluka. Mu dziko lathu anayamba kutulutsa mwanaalirenji nsalu: tonyamulira, bafuta ndi veleveti. Poyamba, iwo zinkachokera ku Australia. Akatswiri alendo anayamba kuwapeza kunja kwa kuwaphunzitsa olamulira Russian.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Academy, Kukwezeleza maphunziro ndi luso losiyanasiyana

Sofia mu 1687 anatsegula Asilavo-Greek-Latin Academy. Mfundo ya chilengedwe ake anali atayamba pansi Tsar Fedor Alekseevich. Pambuyo Kiev asayansi anayamba kuzunza mabishopu, Joachim, Golitsyn ndi Sophia anawatenga kukuteteza. Mfumukazi kulimbikitsa yomanga ku Moscow mwala kwayara, kuphunzira zilankhulo ndi luso losiyana. Lina kuphunzitsa achinyamata anapita ku mabanja achifumu.

Zimachitika mu mfundo yachilendo

Ndipo pali kupambana yodziwika mfundo yachilendo. Russia walemba ndi Poland Wamuyaya Mtendere. Mphamvu imeneyi, malinga ndi mikhalidwe anawabweretsera Golitsyn anazindikira kusintha kwa boma Russian mu Kiev ndi umembala Russian la Kumanzere-Bank Ukraine, Seversk ndi Smolensk mayiko. China lonjezolo Pangano la Nerchinsk anali chochitika china chofunika ndale. Ndi boma m'malire pamene maiko Russian mu Siberia.

Crimea yokopa

Komabe, panali zopinga zimene pamapeto, napita ku chiwonongeko cha Sophia ndi Golitsyn (chithunzi cha zapatsidwa pamwambazi). Nthumwi odziwa, kalonga akhafunika pikulu akhali munthu zofewa ndi wokayikakayika. Iye sankadziwa yekha mkulu. Komabe, Sophia analimbikira kuti munthu uyu walunjika Crimea msonkhano, idatha kulephera. asilikali ikuchitika kampeni mu 1687 anabwerera mmbuyo. Iwo chinalepheretsa Chitata, amene anatentha steppe lapansi. Komabe, Sophia ngakhale mochititsa manyazi kubwerera asankhidwe ndi chofunika zonse. Iye ankafuna kuthandiza Golitsyn. Pa nthawi ya ndiwotani poyera anati iye anapha anthu okha kanthu, msiyeni iye mu ulendo uwu. Kampeni chachiwiri zinalephereka. Anamutengera patapita zaka ziwiri.

Sophia wotaya mphamvu

Mpaka ndiye, mpaka inu anakulira mafumu, regent Sophia analola kuti tidziwe zinthu zonse za boma. Pa phwando yachilendo akazembe kalonga kubisala kuseri kwa mpando wachifumu ndi ndinena, abale, khalidwe lake. Komabe, patapita nthawi, Peter pa zaka za Sophia kukhwima. Peter Ine, May 30, 1689 ndi zaka 17. Pa kuumirira kwa Natali Kirillovny, mayi ake, iye anali wokwatira kwa nthawi ili Evdokia Lopukhina nadza kwa zaka, mogwirizana ndi maganizo a nthawi imeneyo. Komanso, Ivan, mfumu achikulire, anali kukwatiwa. Komwe ndi maziko ofunda chifukwa kupitiriza regency anakhalabe. Koma Sophia akadali unachitikira mu manja ake impso ndi boma. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti mikangano ndi Peter.

Inasanduka asapita kunadetsa ankhanza pakati pa iye ndi mlongo wake. The Mfumukazi ankadziwa kuti chiŵerengero iliyonse mphamvu m'chaka sasintha mu mtima wake. Pofuna kulimbikitsa udindo wake, iye anafuna kukwatiwa ufumu kumbuyo mu 1687. Fedor Shaklovity, kalaliki uja adapita kwa mwana wamkazi wa mfumu, anayamba mukubwadamuka mwa musketeers lapansi. Komabe, saiwala zimene zinachitikira Prince Khovanskii ndipo anakana kuthandiza Sophia.

The zipolowe woyamba pakati pa wolemekezeka ndi Peter anali pamene Sophie amadzinenera nawo, pamodzi ndi mafumu tchalitchi pa chionetsero cha. Peter adazhangali. Iye ananena kuti iye ndi mkazi, choncho ayenera kuchotsedwa yomweyo monga kutsatira mitanda ya kugonana chilungamo zonyansa. Komabe, Sophia anaganiza kunyalanyaza chitonzo cha m'bale wake. Kenako anasiya mwambo, Peter. Iye analipira mlongo wake chokhumudwitsa chachiwiri, kukana kuvomereza pambuyo Crimea ndawala Prince Golitsyn.

Akuyesera kuthetsa Peter

Choncho, pofuna analephera ukwati Sophia. Komabe, panali njira yina kunja - akhoza kuchotsedwa Peter. Kumene kalonga nayembekeza oponya mivi, koma nthawi iyi sizinathandize. Munthu anayamba mphekesera kugonana, kuti mu Moscow ndi oseketsa alumali Peter kupha Tsar Ivan ndi wolamulira. Sophia anaitana oponya mivi yekha. A Petulo, nayenso anamva mphekesera kuti akukonzekera kuukira "backbiters" (wotchedwa Streltsov Petr). Mfumu sanaope kuwaopseza, koma kwa m'badwo woyambirira mu malingaliro ake chithunzi anakhalabe mu 1682, pamene oponya mivi ikuchitika kuphedwa kwa anthu kumuyandikira. Peter anaganiza chitetezo Utatu-Sergio obisika. Patapita nthawi, kuno ndi maalumali zoseketsa, komanso, kwa anthu ambiri anadabwa kuona mmodzi wa musketeers Regiment analamula Sukharev.

The Flight a Peter aimitsa Sophia. Iye ankafuna kuti mulimbane ndi m'bale wake, koma zoyesayesa analephera. Ndiye Sophia anaganiza atithandize za kholo lija. Koma anamukumbutsa kuti iye monga wolamulira pa Mfumu, ndipo anapita kwa Peter. mbali Sophia anakhala zochepa. Boyars, posachedwapa klyavshiesya kudzipereka kwake mosadziwa anasiya wolemekezeka. Ndipo oponya mivi ankachitika Peter, amene anali atakwera mu Moscow msonkhano wa kulapa. Mu amagonjera, nambveka pa chipika chopping pamsewu mitu yawo.

Poti obisika ndi chiyembekezo lomaliza

32 wazaka Sophia kumapeto kwa September 1689 anamaliza mkulu wa Petro Novodevichy Akatolika. Komabe, mu 1698 iye ankayembekezera. Pamenepo Petro anapita ku Ulaya, ndi Royal regiments kuti anaima patali likulu, anasamukira ku Moscow. Iwo ati adzabwerere Sophia pa mpando wachifumu, ndi Mfumu, sanadandaule za musketeers ndi, "Layimu", ngati abwera kuchokera kunja.

Akuphedwa oponya mivi, tsogolo la Sophia

Koma kupanduka anali kuletsedwa. Ana ambiri adzakumbukira misa kuphedwa oponya mivi. Ndipo Petro, amene sanawone mlongo wake wa zaka 9, anabwera kwa iye ndi mfundo yomaliza ya Novodevichy Akatolika. Zinali kutsimikizira nkhani ya wolemekezeka ku musketeers chiwawa. Anaumba wolamulira posakhalitsa anakhala sisitere pa malamulo a Peter. Iye anapatsidwa dzina la Susanna. Iye anali salinso chiyembekezo mpando wachifumuwo. Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira anatenga chithunzithunzi nabwera dzina lake. July 3, 1704, anafa Mfumukazi Sophia, amene yonena anali uncharacteristic nthawi yake.