Ancient Russia: chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe ake

Ancient Yairo chikhalidwe chimene chinali chochitika chosangalatsa cha chitukuko cha dziko, wotchuka chifukwa zikhomo zokongola ndi zolengedwa zolembalemba. Kodi n'chiyani chinamuchititsa kuti chitukuko ake? Mmene kusintha dziko? Zonsezi muyenera kumvetsa.

Ancient Russia: chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe ake kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity ndipo pambuyo

Amadziwika kuti boma wakale subordinated chipembedzo chachikunja, kotero kuti ife tikhoza kulankhula za zina khalidwe la anthu a. Poyamba, mosavuta folklore. Zinali ndiye amene anayamba kutuluka epics, nyimbo ndi nkhani. Anthu wadutsa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo mfundo zofunika kwambiri kuti watsikira kwa masiku athu. Kachiwiri, wakhala anayamba zomangamanga matabwa. Koma mu Russia panalibe nyumba mwala, koma iwo ankadziwika kuti dziko lonse itatha akachisi yolimba matabwa ndi tinyumba ta. Kachitatu, panalibe magwero olembedwa. Inde, pamaso pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chikhulupiriro chatsopano cha ntchito izi luso anali osati m'dera la dziko lathu. Chachinayi, pali ambiri milungu yachikunja. Features chikhalidwe of Ancient Russia pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity zasintha:

• panali buku malonda ndipo akhala mwachangu kuoneka zazikulu zolembalemba;
• ndinayamba kukhala mwala zomangamanga (kwambiri chidwi Mwachitsanzo - Sophia Cathedral ku Kiev, limene anamanga wokumbukira kugonjetsedwa kwa Pechenegs);
• pali atsopano, osati kale alipo, pali luso - zithunzi, komanso zodzikongoletsera kupanga.

Ancient Russia: Culture ndi kukhazikitsa

Chikhalidwe chonse cha nthawi kuti akhoza kugawidwa mu magulu atatu: kulemba, zomangamanga ndi luso zithunzi. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mabuku. Yoyambirira mauthenga wina ndi mzake (ndi iyi angatchedwe kubadwa kwa ntchito zolembalemba) opezeka Novgorod, kumene iwo anali kutchedwa birch khungwa. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity anaonekera nthano ya makedzana Zaka Illarionovskoe "Chiphunzitso pa Chilamulo ndi Chisomo" ndi "Ostrom Gospel" (olemba amati ndi mlembi Gregory). Komanso, samaiwala chakuti zilembo analengedwa ndi abale chachikulu, Cyril ndi Methodius, komanso pa nthawi. Cultural mbiri ya Russia wakale, makamaka, zomangamanga mwala, cholowa wachuma wa dziko lonse. Kodi zitsanzo za mtanda mzikiti kalembedwe: St. Sophia Cathedral ku Novgorod ndi Kiev ndi ansembe yotchedwa Kiev-Pechersk. N'kosatheka kukumbukira ndi ozungulira chilengedwe Andreya Bogolyubskogo: Mfundo ndi Dmitrov Cathedral, Golden Chipata Mpingo wa Kupemphera pa Nerl. Zonsezi ndi chuma cha dziko lathu. Koma luso chabwino, ndiye payenera kukhala otchulidwa zolengedwa monga zithunzi "The Virgin Orans" mafano "The Annunciation wa Ustyug" ndi Zojambula pakhoma "Mneneri Zekariya."

Choncho, Ancient Russia, amene anayala maziko a chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha moyo Russian, anakhala chitsanzo kwa ojambula zithunzi m'tsogolo. Ife Kuphunzira ntchito ndi kusangalala zomwe nthawi imeneyo mpaka pano, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu chonyaditsa mbiri yawo.