Kuloŵerera mu zamoyo - ndi chiyani ichi? Zitsanzo kuloŵerera ndi dissimilation m'chilengedwe

Kuloŵerera mu zamoyo - ndondomeko imene amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo m'mimba mwa zamoyo. Ndi chiyani icho? Tiyeni tinene udzadya chakudya lero, kuti wina kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Koma kodi inu munayamba mwaganizapo mmene chakudya wapeza mbale mu cell? Mukakhala ndi chakudya, thupi lanu limayamba kuphwanyaphwanya chakudya pa chimbudzi, timadya zakudya ndi kugawira iwo maselo pa nthawi ya kuloŵerera, kumene ntchito kukula ndi kukonza.

Kodi chimachitika pambuyo chakudya?

Kuti timvetsetse zimene chimbudzi ndi kuloŵerera mu zamoyo, tiyeni choyamba tione mmene ife kudya chakudya yachibadwa. Taganizirani izi monga cheeseburger a. Pa mastication amapezeka maceration, akupera ndi kutembenuzira chakudya bolus, amene anasamukira mwa kum'mero kwa m'mimba, amene ali zidulo amphamvu ndi michere kuswa kuwasiyanitsa.

Chakudya ndi mapuloteni (nyama ndi bun) anayamba kudya pamaso wina aliyense. Komanso intestine yaing'ono, mafuta (tchizi) anayamba kugwa a zigawo zawo munthu wotchedwa mafuta zidulo. Pa nthawi, chosinkhasinkha cheeseburger anamaliza. Tsopano ndi nthawi kuphunzira zakudya m'thupi wanu analandira.

Mayamwidwe zakudya

Mayamwidwe zakudya ikuchitika mu intestine laling'ono, limene amaperekedwa Onyamula Zazitali Ayi kakang'ono, ndipo amatchedwa microvilli. Maselo amenewa zofunika nyamulani chakudya intestine ndi kupopa mu mwazi kumene Nawalanditsa iwo kwa thupi. Kuti timvetse ndondomeko imeneyi, tiyeni tione mmene zidyeke chakudya.

Pamene chakudya ali ndi Hamburger bun, kuwafika intestine yaing'ono, iwo unagwa mu shuga, lotchedwa shuga. Microvilli muli mapampu kakang'ono kamene akuyamwitsa izo kuchokera lumen wa matumbo, ndipo anasamukira ku maselo ake zaminyewa. Komabe, kuti shuga anachita kwa ena thupi, kuti alowe mtsinje wa magazi. Mbali ina ya matumbo maselo zaminyewa ali mpope wina, amene akutsogolera shuga mu zotengera magazi yozungulira intestine.

shuga wambiri m'magazi zingachititse mavuto aakulu, choncho gawo la akulankhulira kwa chiwindi chifukwa yosungirako. Maselo a thupi ili yofunika kusunga shuga owonjezera monga glycogen. Kuyambira pamenepo, shuga laperekedwa kwa maselo onse thupi, amene ntchito kulenga mphamvu ma kapena ATP anafunikira kukwaniritsa zofuna zonse za maselo ndi chamoyo wonse. Zakudya - si chinthu chokhacho chomwe nchofunika kuti thupi anakhalabe wathanzi. zofunika kwambiri ndi zakudya zokwanira madzi.

Kuloŵerera mu zamoyo - ndi chiyani ichi?

The kutengedwa kwachilengedwenso ndi osakaniza njira ziwiri, imene maselo zaperekedwa zakudya. The choyamba ndi mayamwidwe a mavitamini, mchere ndi mankhwala ena chakudya. Anthu, zimenezi ndi thupi (m'kamwa kutafuna ndi m'mimba sati abwera liti) ndi mankhwala kudzitsitsa (michere ndi zidulo). The ndondomeko chachiwiri otchedwa bioassimilation, ndi kusintha mankhwala zinthu mu magazi, chiwindi kapena foni secretions.

Kuloŵerera ndi dissimilation mu zamoyo

Dissimilation mu zamoyo ndi ndondomeko ya kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala organic (mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya, ndipo T. D.) Pa chinthu yosavuta. Umodzi kuloŵerera ndi dissimilation amapereka kuuzana nkhani ndi mphamvu, lomwe ndi ngodya ya moyo ndi imapereka watsopano mosalekeza zinthu organic lonse chamoyo ndi mkombero moyo.

Dissimilation mu zomera ndi nyama zamoyo

Dissimilation zomera ndiye pakatikati pa kagayidwe zingapo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kupuma ndi glycolysis. Kumasulidwa kwa mphamvu ntchito ndi zotsatira za njira izi ndi koyenera kuti kuli zizindikiro kwambiri. Mwa mankhwala omaliza a dissimilation kutsogolera malo wotanganidwa ndi madzi, mpweya woipa mpweya ndi ammonia.

Ngati nyama mankhwala pa yosungirako kuima panja, mpweya zomera (mokwanira) ndi amoniya ntchito kwa biosynthesis wa organic ndi ndi zopangira kwa mayamwidwe. Mwamphamvu njira dissimilation zomera imasiyana malingana siteji ya ontogeny ndi chamoyo kumatengera zifukwa zina zingapo.

Zitsanzo za kuloŵerera kwachilengedwenso

Ndiwo mphamvu kwa moyo wonse pa dziko ndi cheza dzuwa. zamoyo zonse padziko pano angathe kugawidwa autotrophic ndi heterotrophic. Choyamba gulu - ndi ambiri msipu wauwisi, angathe kusintha mphamvu chowala ku dzuwa ndi dzuwa kupeza mankhwala organic ku zinthu zochita kupanga.

zinthu zina zamoyo, koma ena tizilombo angathe kulandira mphamvu mwa zochita mankhwala kuti metabolize nkhani organic kale anapanga ndi ntchito ngati gwero mphamvu kapena ngati chuma structural kwa apanga matupi. nthawi A pamene pali kwambiri udakali kwambiri kuloŵerera mu zamoyo - ndi wamng'ono wa nyama ndi nyengo kukula kwa zomera.

Kagayidwe: mgwirizano wa njira ziwiri

Kagayidwe ndi umodzi wa njira ziwiri: kuloŵerera ndi dissimilation. Lophunzira ndi Uwerenge ndondomeko ya chilengedwe cha nkhani amoyo: kutengedwa zinthu kulowa chamoyo kuchokera chilengedwe, mapangidwe mankhwala ovuta kwambiri mankhwala kwa chosavuta ndi zina zotero. Kuloŵerera mu zamoyo - njira imene maselo ntchito zosiyanasiyana akusinthika mu nkhani moyo. Dissimilation - kuwononga kanthu, kuwola, kuwononga zinthu mu zikhalidwe selo wamoyo, mu mankhwala makamaka zakudya zomanga thupi. Kuloŵerera (zitsanzo mu chikhalidwe - ndi photosynthesis, asafe fixation wa nthaka michere kutengedwa pa chimbudzi) ndi dissimilation inextricably zogwirizana. Lophunzira njira limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka wovulala, womwe, ndi kuyamba kwa kuloŵerera.