Kumbukirani zapamwamba. Chidule "Akufa Miyoyo", ndakatulo, NV Gogol

Stern realist malangizo ovuta, ndi wina - chachinsinsi, satirist kuvumbula zilonda ndi makhalidwe yake, ndi wochepa thupi, ozama mawu; patriot, momvetsa wachikondi Russian anthu, Russian, koma kukhalabe Ubale ndi mbadwa zawo Russia Little, Ukraine ... Izi ndizo, Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol, mmodzi wa olemba chidwi kwambiri ndi enigmatic cha m'ma 19.

Ndakatulo "Akufa Miyoyo"

Choncho mwachidule. "Akufa Miyoyo" ntchito zotchuka Gogol, mufotokozere Choncho kovuta. Nawonso zonse nzeru ndi akatswiri umoyo-accusatory. Ndipo digressions m'nyimbo, shrill awo, momvetsa chisoni kamvekedwe ka mtima sangathe kufotokoza - Gogol anali mmodzi wa alembi amene ali kuwerenga, monga iwo amati, oyambirira. Ndipo komabe ...

Retell mwachidule "Miyoyo Akufa" adzayamba, ndithudi, kuti ulendo wotchuka ku likulu akuzigawo NN ena Bambo "mediocre": si wakuda kwambiri koma si wochepa thupi; osati wamng'ono, koma osati lakale, osati wokongola koma osati wosakongola. Ndi ntchito ya protagonist, Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov, ndi collegiate assessor. Iye anafika pano pa nkhani zawo, anakakhala ku hotelo aliyense chipinda kuthamanga mphemvu kukula kwa sadza, ndipo anayamba kufunsa mwiniwake zimene zikuchitidwa mu mzinda ndi ozungulira dera.

Komanso, mu mwachidule "Akufa Miyoyo" kuphatikizapo nkhani ya ulendo Chichikov kwa akuluakulu a mzinda. Gogol limodzi kapena mawu awiri amapatsa zolemba makhalidwe enieni a atsogoleri ake onse, kujambula chithunzi chonse cha kudutsa miyambo ofala mu NN. Iwo likukhalira kuti pali zimachitikanso ziphuphu, pawiri chogulitsa, udindo mgwirizano, osapita m'mbali kuba ndalama za boma, ndi mphulupulu zina zambiri. Komabe, sasamala za Chichikov. Iye ayenera kudziwa zimene landlords chachikulu moyo mu distilikiti, ngati pali nthenda mbali yawo, miliri ndi masoka ena. Ndi akuluakulu Paulo Ivanovich zinthu mwaulemu kwambiri, mwaulemu, mwaulemu. Iye yekha anena pang'ono, anati yekha kuti poona kuti sanachitiridwe zachilungamo ndipo amafuna kutumikira mu malo awa kukhazikika mu mtendere. Aliyense Ofisala, iye amadziwa mayankho ake, chifukwa kulikonse analandira mosangalala ndi manja aŵiri.

Iye agonjetsa mtima ndi ena nzika, amene amadziwa mzinda, ndipo kenako kukaona komanso abwenzi atsopano. Ndiyeno mwachidule "Miyoyo Akufa" - nkhani ya ulendo ngwazi ya Russia mbadwa.

Wamba Russia amachititsa Gogol ndipo tili ndi maganizo losanganikirana. Pa dzanja limodzi, kupingasa, ndi thambo kukhala pa malo ake akutikumbutsa za mphamvu zachilendo ndi luso la anthu Russian. Kapenanso, midzi mosapitirira umphawi ndi umphawi, dothi ndi afiira zokongola wayikidwa maganizo chachisoni. Serfdom moona zoyipa moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku.

Chichikov amachezera ndi akutembenukira Manilow munda, Mabokosi, Nozdryov ndi nzika zina. Onse amachitira ndi pempho lachilendo - kuti asamuphe wamba akufa monga ngati anali ndi moyo. Aliyense mwinimunda ali, zakenso anachita yeniyeni pempholo. Ngati Manilow angapo anadabwa atamva zoti ndi kupereka Chichikov "moyo", ndiye Mabokosi, Sobakevich, Eliya ali ndi thukuta ndi ndalama kuti apeze zimene akufuna. Ndipo Gogol pali mwayi waukulu kuti asonyeze lonse "kukongola" zoopsa nkhope ya serfdom, kutsimikizira kuti si anthu wamba akufa, ndipo moyo landlords ndi ogwira ali "miyoyo akufa", "nebokoptitelyami" lomwe, ngati majeremusi agwirizana ndi anthu ndi moyo kudya wake "madzi" - ntchito anthu.

Image landlords anamanga mfundo ya panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira - kuchokera cloying Manilow, munthu "ngakhalenso ena", Eliya - "kugwetsera anthu".

Ndimasewera udindo wapadera mu ndakatulo "Miyoyo Akufa" 11 mutu, mwachidule zomwe angathe kuchepetsedwa kwa nkhani za moyo wa Chichikov. Gogol limasonyeza osati akamanena za chisokonezo wake, koma mfundo limatiuza za ubwana wake, zaka sukulu ndi achinyamata. Kumulakalaka "makobidi" chifukwa hoarding oyambirira zacita moyo wake inasanduka zoipa, oipa scoundrel, woipa amene amabweretsa amene adzaleka pa zochita palibe makhalidwe oipa kuti tikwaniritse phindu anakhumba ndi phindu. Chifukwa mu buku "Miyoyo Yakufa," chidule cha machaputala 11 tinganene kuti maganizo ndi luso malo a ntchito.

Chichikov lingaliro analephera. M'malo bwino yochititsa iye ankayenera kuti anathawa. Koma ngwazi asataye mtima. Wake "mbalame troika 'mitundu kudutsa expanses wa Russia monga tsoka ndi mosalephera, monga chizindikiro cha isanayambike m'ma watsopano - m'zaka za bizinesi, predation, makhalidwe oipa, kugwa kwa makhalidwe abwino. Ndipo iye Chichikov - ngwazi za masiku ano, ndi capitalist m'malo panopa kusewera mu landlords ang'onoang'ono.