Lenin Library. Moscow Lenin Library

Russian Lenin Library ndi dziko buku depository la Chitaganya cha Russia. Mwa zina, ndi kafukufuku kutsogolera bungwe, methodical ndi kafukufuku likulu la dziko. Ili Lenin Library mu Moscow. ndi mbiri ya bungwe chiyani? Amene anaima pa gwero lake? Kodi mabuku ambiri zimasunga Moscow Lenin Library? Pa izi ndi zina zambiri nkhaniyi.

laibulale National kuchokera 1924 chaka tsiku

State Library dzina la Lenin (maola ntchito zomwe adzapatsidwa pansipa) chinapangidwa pa maziko a Rumyantsev Museum. Popeza 1932, laibulale linakhulupirira mndandanda wa malo kufufuza kwambiri m'dziko. Mu masiku oyambirira a 2 nkhondo World ku bungwe la anasamutsidwa chuma chamtengo wapatali. Iwo anali odzaza ndi zimagulitsidwa 700 zikwi mipukutu kawirikawiri anali Lenin Library. Nizhny Novgorod anakhala pa mpando wa gulu la zopereka wapatali. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti Gorky komanso inali kwambiri ndi nyumba yaikulu - chinthu chachikulu pa munda.

Kuwerengera

Mu nthawi kuchokera July 1941 kuti March 1942, laibulale Lenin watsogolera kuti zosiyanasiyana, makamaka Chingelezi, dziko makalata oposa 500 limapereka kuwombola. chilolezo anali kuwapeza angapo limati. Pa 1942 Chaka buku kuwombola laibulale wakhazikitsa kugona ndi maiko 16 ndi 189 mabungwe TH. Chidwi kwambiri ndi ubale ndi United States ndi England.

Ndi May chaka chimenecho, kasamalidwe ka bungwe la anayambitsa "chitsimikizo" kuti inatha lisanathe nkhondoyi. Chifukwa, makabati file ndi mumafooda awaloŵetsanso nkhani ndiponso mwa woyenera. Woyamba stacks kuwerenga chipinda chinamasulidwa mu 1942, pa 24 May. Yotsatira, 43 TH, achinyamata ndi mabuku ana, dipatimenti unakhazikitsidwa. Ndi 1944, chaka chinayi laibulale dzina la Lenin anabwerera othawa kwawowo nkhondo yoyamba chuma chamtengo wapatali. Mu chaka chomwecho iwo unalengedwa Board ndi Buku Ulemu. Mu February, ndi 44 dipatimenti ya kubwezeretsedwa ndi chisamaliro unakhazikitsidwa mu stacks wa. Research Laboratory unakhazikitsidwa naye. Mu chaka chomwecho, mafunso okhudza kulanda depositories buku mfundozo digirii ndi mbuye akhala mwake. Yogwira thumba mapangidwe advantageously ikuchitika ndi kupeza dziko yakale yoyendera ndi mabuku zoweta. Mu 1945, May 29, ndi stacks anali kupereka dongosolo la Lenin chopereka chake m'sitolo kutola mabuku ndiponso mulu waukulu wa utumiki owerenga. Pa mendulo chomwecho ndi malamulo analandiracho ambiri ndodo m'ndende.

Development stacks mu zaka unawonongedwa

Ndi 1946, chaka chinayi panali funso za mapangidwe a Union Catalog mabuku Russian. April 18 chaka chomwecho, boma Library dzina la Lenin anali kudzachita msonkhano owerenga. Kwa 1947-Mu chaka anali ovomerezeka ndi zinthu kukhazikitsa malamulo kukafola Union Catalog a Mabaibulo Russian wa depositories lalikulu la Soviet Union.

Kuchita ntchito ili pa maziko a buku depository unakhazikitsidwa gulu chenjezo. Amakhala oimira malaibulale osiyanasiyana pagulu (kwa iwo. Saltykov-Shchedrin, stacks Academy of Sciences ndi ena). Chifukwa cha ntchito zonse sukulu yophunzitsa m'munsi kwa m'ndandanda wa mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 19. Komanso mu 1947, iye anaika mu ndi pazimalamba zozungulira ndi sitima magetsi zofuna yobereka kwa kusungiramo mabuku ku zipinda kuwerenga ndi makumi asanu conveyor kunyamula mabuku.

mabungwe kandalama kusinthika

Kumapeto kwa 1952, izo wavomerezedwa ndi hayala wa stacks lapansi. Mu April 1953, mogwirizana ndi kuvunda kwa komiti mukukambirana za mabungwe chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro, ndiponso mapangidwe Utumiki wa Culture wa RSFSR, ndi Lenin Library anasamutsidwa kuti utangoyamba Dipatimenti ya BOMA. Pofika mu 1955, chaka chinayi anayamba kusindikiza ndi kufalitsa makadi kusindikizidwa kwa atlases ukubwera ndi malamulo gawo khadi Boma mapu. Pamodzi ndi uwu wakhala lokonzedwanso ndi tikiti lonse.

Kuyambira mu 1957 TH ndi 1958 TH zipinda angapo kuwerenga anatseguka. Malinga ndi malamulo inakhazikitsa ndi unduna wa Culture mu 1959, izo unakhazikitsidwa ndi komiti nyuzipepala, amene ntchito akuyembekezeka buku la matebulo laibulale ndi gulu bibliographic. M'zaka 1959-60-TH ndalama zofunikira, amatanthauza zipinda za sayansi, amasuliridwa mwayi lotseguka. Choncho, m'ma 60s mu stacks 20 ntchito zipinda kwambiri kuwerenga zoposa 2,300.

zikayenda

Mu 1973 Lenin Library walandira mphoto apamwamba Bulgaria - Order ya Dmitrov. Kumayambiriro a 1975 anapitirira ndi makumi asanu chikumbutso chikondwerero cha Rumyantsev kutembenuka mu stacks dziko pagulu. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1992, Library analandira udindo wa Russian. Kenako, 93 m, anapatulidwa izoizdany anali mmodzi wa oyambitsa ndi MABIS (Moscow Association depositories luso). Mu 1995, boma Library anayamba ntchito "Memory la Russia". Pofika chaka chotsatira ntchitoyi pa wamakono wa bungwe wakhala naye. Mu 2001, izo wavomerezedwa ndi kusinthidwa stacks hayala. Pa nthawi yomweyo panali kumayambiriro onyamula latsopano zambiri, zomwe zayamba anasintha njira mu laibulale dongosolo.

ndalama stacks

M'chigawo choyamba laibulale anali pa msonkhano Rumyantsev. Pa kapangidwe ake panafika anthu oposa 28 zikwi. Publications, makadi 1000, 700 inalembedwa. Limodzi la malamulo woyamba zoyendetsera ntchito stacks, ananeneratu kuti m'banja ayenera kupeza mabuku onse amene wakhala ndipo m'magazini Russian Ufumu. Choncho, gawo malamulo 1862 anayamba kulowa chaka choyamba.

Kenako, gwero lalikulu la zopereka kubwezeretsa zitsulo ndi mphatso. Kumayambiriro a 1917 laibulale anachisunga kuzungulira 1 miliyoni 200 zikwi osiyanasiyana. Monga wa January 2013th thumba buku kale miliyoni 44. 800 zikwi. Zolembedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo siriyo ndi periodicals, mabuku mipukutu, yachokera nyuzipepala, mabuku (kuphatikizapo kubalana), zitsanzo akale komanso tinkawasindikiza ndi zolembedwa kwa atsopano onyamula zambiri. Russian Lenin Library ali Malinga paliponse typological ndi ochititsa misonkhano zikalata achilendo ndi zoweta m'zinenero zoposa 360.

ntchito Research

Lenin Library (stacks chithunzi anapereka m'nkhani) ndi malo atongi wa dziko m'munda wa knigo-, biblioteko- ndi zolemba. Asayansi ntchito mu kukhazikitsidwa, chinkhoswe mu chitukuko, kukhazikitsa ndi chitukuko cha ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mwa iwo, "Fund National boma zikalata", "Malawi, chizindikiritso ndi kuteteza zipilala buku la Chitaganya cha Russia", "Memory la Russia" ndi ena.

Komanso, nthawi zonse akupangidwa ongolankhula, maziko methodological wa librarianship, yokonza zikalata methodical ndi zolimbana m'munda wa laibulale sayansi. Kafukufuku dipatimenti ndi chinkhoswe mu chilengedwe cha zinasokoneza makompyuta, zolozera, inati akatswiri kupanga kafukufuku ndi wothandiza, mayiko, chenjezo chikhalidwe. Yopangidwa pano ndi mafunso pa chiphunzitso, njira, mbiri, luso, bungwe ndi njira ya zolemba. Nthawi zonse unachitikira mu laibulale ya interdisciplinary kuphunzira zinthu zakale za chikhalidwe buku.

Khama kuti mukulitse ntchito za stacks

Ntchito za kafukufuku ndi kuwerenga buku dipatimenti monga thandizo mawunikidwe kuti lidzigwira ntchito laibulale monga chida cha mfundo zambiri zokhudza mtundu. Komanso, dipatimenti ndi chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha zikhulupiliro za chikhalidwe mfundo kudziwa makope chidali mapepala ndi mabuku, kukhazikitsa malangizo ntchito yeniyeni ya bungwe ndi chitukuko cha zocitika pa Kuwulura ndalama laibulale. Pa nthawi yomweyo mukugwira kafukufuku ndi oyamba othandiza kwa njira ya kubwezeretsedwa ndi kusamala laibulale zikalata depository kafukufuku, methodical ndi ntchito kufunsira.

Modern Library dzina la Lenin

Webusaiti Yovomerezeka ya bungwe kakunena za mbiri ya chiyambi, chitukuko stacks. Pano mukhoza timudziwe bwino akalozera, misonkhano, zochitika ndi ntchito. pamalowo ukugwira ntchito kuyambira Lolemba mpaka Lachisanu kuchokera 9 m'mawa mpaka 8 pm, Loweruka - kuchokera 9 mpaka asanu ndi madzulo. Tsiku kutali - Sunday.

Laibulale lero ukugwira ntchito malo maphunziro kwa zina ndi kumadera osiyanasiyana akamaliza maphunziro akatswiri maphunziro. Activities ikuchitika pamaziko a chiphatso FS kuti akathandizidwe ku dera la sayansi ndi maphunziro. Pamaziko a pakati ukugwirira ntchito maphunziro kusukulu, yomwe imaphunzitsa akatswiri mu munda "bibliology", "zolemba" ndi "Library". Malinga ndi mbali imodzi ya zimene Council zolemba pamaphunziro, amene ulamuliro zikuphatikizapo awarding madigiri maphunziro a dokotala ndi phungu wa sayansi pedagogical. Dipatimenti imeneyi amaloledwa kutenga kuteteza ntchito specialization m'masayansi maphunziro ndi mbiri yakale.

kulowa Rule

Gwiritsani zipinda kuwerenga (amene tsopano ali mu laibulale 36) angakhale nzika zonse - onse Russian Federation ndi m'mayiko - akafika zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. kujambula chikachitika mu mode yodzichitira, amene amasamalila Kulengezedwa kwa owerenga pulasitiki tikiti, komwe munthu chithunzi nzika kumeneko. Kuti mupeze laibulale khadi muyenera kupereka pasipoti ndi nyumba chilolezo (kapena kulembetsa yogona), ophunzira - gradebook kapena wophunzira makhadi kwa maphunziro sekondale - ndi chikalata maphunziro.

Akumidzi pa mzere kulembetsa

Laibulale ukugwira lakutali dongosolo kujambula. Pankhaniyi, amagetsi laibulale khadi. ochokera m'mayiko akunja, muyenera kulemba chikalata zikalata adziwane kumasuliridwa mu Russian. Kulembetsa e-tikiti phukusi lonse zofunika zolembalemba munthu ndi kutumiza makalata. Komanso, mchitidwewo kujambula Intaneti. Ndi kupezeka kwa boma owerenga Intaneti. Kujambula zachitika Intaneti ku lakutsogolo wanu.