London, Big Ben: kufotokoza, mbiri chidwi mfundo

Kuchuluka kwa zowoneka chidwi - pafupifupi chinthu chachikulu chomwe amene anakakamizika zikwi alendo ochokera nkhosa dziko ku London chaka chilichonse. Big Ben - nyumba mbiri, amene ali ndi maganizo amanyadira likulu la UK. Kodi ntchito wotchi yaikulu zikusonyeza nthawi zonse zinakwaniritsidwa ndendende, kodi nkhani zawo?

Big Ben ku London: dzina

N'chifukwa chiyani chizindikiro likulu la England anangokhala ngati dzina zachilendo? Poyamba dzina anapatsidwa belu lalikulu ili mu Nsanja ya Palace la Westminster. The awiri a mankhwala m'munsi ali mamita atatu, kulemera limaposa matani 13. Pang'onopang'ono, Clock Tower, yomwe m'nyumba belu ndi koloko, ali ndi kukula chidwi, anayamba kutchedwa komanso. Kwa zaka zambiri ingapo, dziko lonse ankadziwa kuti Big Ben - wotchi nsanja London.

Amene adadza ndi dzina uncharacteristic limene poyambirira kupereka belu? Pali nthano kufotokoza chiyambi cha dzinalo. Wotchuka kwambiri anena kuti koloko ayenera dzina lake loyambirira la wamanga Benjamin Hall, amene pogwira ntchito yomanga. Akukhulupirira kuti munthu uyu, wotchedwa chifukwa cha kukula kwa thupi yokongola.

Pang'ono zochepa wotchuka Ofufuza. Ngati kudalira, chizindikiro cha London nalo dzina lake pambuyo wotchuka British woposa onse ankhonya Benjamin Chiwerengero.

yomanga

Pamene chikhomo, amene prides palokha pa London analengedwa? Big Ben kale. Ilo linayambika kumbuyo mu 1288, pamene Clock Tower, amene wakhala gawo la inamangidwa pa Palace la Westminster. Mwatsoka, moto zimene zinachitika mu 1834 zinachititsa chiwonongeko elementi mapulani. Kumene, Patapita zaka zingapo anaganiza m'maulendo izo.

Amene anakamba ntchito za munsanja wotchuka, amene ngakhale lero amamuchititsa kuona munthu aliyense kuyendera London? Big Ben - ndi brainchild wa katswiri wa zomangamanga Augustus Pyudzhina kwambiri ntchito zake kalembedwe Gothic Chitsitsimutso. Mwatsoka, bamboyo anafa pamaso ntchito yake anabweretsedwa ku moyo. Ntchito yomanga nsanja inatha mu 1858, mu 1859 panali mwambo Launch mamita clockwork.

Choyamba ntchito kuunikira nyumba nyanga Mafuta, magetsi anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1912.

mankhwala mfundo

Njerwa nsanja, korona ndi spire ya chitsulo chosungunula, anakhala pa maziko anapanga konkire, kutalika kwa amene ali mamita 15. Pakuti akukumana mapulani mchitidwe ntchito laimu wachikuda. Ngakhale popanda spire kutalika la nsanjayo mamita oposa 60, pamodzi ndi izo - mamita 96,3. Kodi kumvetsa mmene otchuka chosaiwalika, chomwe chili London? Big Ben ali msinkhu ofanana ndi magawo a nyumba 16-storey.

Mwatsoka, nsanja si anaikira misa odzacheza, alendo UK likulu kuwona yekha patali, komanso okhala mzinda wa. N'zosadabwitsa ntchito si kukweza kapena chimakweza anaikidwa. Anthu amene akufuna kupita, ayenera kugonjetsa okwana masitepe 334.

ndi maola Kodi

N'zosatheka kupatukana si kukhala pa chinthu ichi, ngati wotchi Big Ben. Mu London, palibe analogues, chimene chingalowe kupikisana nawo mawu a kukula. Mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo, izi sizinali padziko lonse. Development wotchi dials komanso anatenga Pyudzhin. Pamene iwo akhala ankakopera 312 wa opal galasi, izo unakhazikitsidwa mita asanu chimango zopangidwa ndi zitsulo, mateyala golide-yokutidwa.

Chapadera ndi miyeso ndi malangizo. Minute mlandu 4.2 mita yaitali, zopangidwa ndi mkuwa. Kupanga mobwerera chitsulo ntchito, kutalika ali mamita 2,7. Clock oyimba wokwera pa msinkhu wa mamita 55. Kulemera okwana la gululo amamuchititsa matani 5. The pendulum, amene amalemera pafupifupi 300 makilogalamu, ili mkati nsanja unali pansi pa chipinda koloko.

pa olondola

Monga inu mukudziwa, Big Ben mu London. The okhala mumzinda uwu pamwamba kusunga zonse. N'zosadabwitsa kuti wotchi wakhazikitsa wokha ngati muyezo wa kudalirika kalekale ngati chizindikiro cha likulu British. Khamu la gululo - udindo umene wapatsidwa kwa ingapangidwire Edward ni. Master kupirira ntchito mu 1854. wapadera awiri Inde atatu gawo lalembedwa zimatsimikizira mkulu molondola koloko.

Amadziwika kuti ndi lolondola gululi ndi masekondi 2 pa tsiku. Modabwitsa, ndi lolondola limagwirira wa chamoyo ndi Lamulo ndalama odnopensovoy, amene aikidwa pa pendulum, ndiye amachotsedwa.

Anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti wotchi zazikulu sanasiye ikugunda chopita. mawu awa belies mbiri ya Big Ben. Mu London kwa nthawi yoyamba anakumana ndi kuwononga awo mu 1976, kuthyoka avtoregulyator limagwirira kuyenda. Watch kukonza ndinatenga pafupi 9 miyezi, imene iwo sizinagwire ntchito. Kuyambitsanso anali mwakachetechete unachitikira mu May 1977. Panali zolephera mwa ntchito zawo, ndipo kenako, koma mavuto amene inathetsedwa mofulumira kuposa izo zinachitika pa kutulukira choyamba. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Big Ben zowawa panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri chifukwa cha mabomba, koma kuwonongeka kwa padenga la nsanjayo sanapange wodalirika wotchi ndithu.

belu Kodi

Osati kukula kwa nsanja amapereka maola cha kutchuka, amene sakhoza kupikisana ndi zokopa zina za London. Big Ben wapatsidwa belu yaikulu zomwe zimachititsa nkhondo ndi. Izi zili mkati nsanja. Amadziwika kuti belu kuponyera anapatsidwa mfiti Edmund Beckett Denison. Munthu uyu adaganiza zolenga chinachake wofuna kuposa "Velikiy Petr" ili York, ndipo zimalemera matani khumi. Iwo anakhazikitsa belu ndi kulemera okwana matani 16.

Pakuti yonyamula katundu ngolo ntchito, zomwe itagwiritsidwa 16 akavalo. Bell atumikira Pasanathe miyezi iwiri, kenako losweka. Chifukwa, Baibulo latsopano analengedwa, misa zomwe si kupitirira matani 13. Modabwitsa, pamene kulemera anachepetsedwa ndi theka, adali ndi nyundo, n'kuliza mlandu.

Mwatsoka, belu ndi wachiwiri losweka, koma anakonza. Anaganiza kuti akonze propyl lalikulu, lomwe salola ming'alu kufalikira. Komanso anapangidwa kukhota ka Big Ben, imene nyundo unatha bwanji kuwonongeka.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Choyamba resonant mumafuna muziyamba kuchapa amveka anthu a likulu pa mapeto a May 1859. Big Ben mu London akhala zaka zoposa 150. The yoyamba ndi belu nyundo pa tsiku lachiwiri loyamba chiyambi cha maola watsopano. Koloko akhoza kukhala mochedwa, chifukwa patsogolo awo kuyang'aniridwa ndi thandizo la Chingerezi khobiri munthu kumachita monga wosamalira a. Modabwitsa, ndi zinyama ankafuna moto, pamene wotchi kamodzi wotchuka anachedwa mwa kachiwiri. Ndithudi, zonse anagwira limagwirira Kutukula cheke.

Ine ndikudabwa zimene Big Ben ili London, anasankhidwa kulengeza kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 21th, pa usiku wa December 31, 2000. ulonda izi lonse nthawi muyezo. Mpaka zaka zingapo zapitazo, iwo anali oopsa kwambiri mu dziko la oyimba, koma nkhani imeneyi wakhala anatha kumenya wotchi wokwera pa kampani "Allen Bradley" nyumbayi, yomwe ili mu chikhalidwe US ya Wisconsin.

London chizindikiro

Today zovuta kukumana munthu amene sadziwa zimene mzinda Big Ben ndi - London. Wotchuka wotchi kulira kufalitsa umene anthu a UK kukondwerera Chaka Chatsopano. Izo ntchito pamene muyenera mphindi ya chete kugwirizana ndi zochitika chisoni mu dziko. Pafupifupi luso zopelekedwa mafilimu zoyenera England, kusungidwa kwambiri tsamba loyambilira chifanizo cha Big Ben. Kuchokera zithunzi za munsanja wotchuka kuyamba ndi mapulogalamu uthenga m'deralo.