Makina bulatnye: mitundu, kupanga ndi ndemanga. Makapu opukuta opangidwa ndi zitsulo za damask, zopangidwa ndi manja

Pa kutchulidwa kwa mipeni yolimba ndi yotanuka mu munthu wamba, mayanjano ndi bulat zitsulo ndizolondola. Mafuta ochokera ku zitsulo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwa zaka mazana ambiri, ngakhale ngati cholinga chachikulu cha zinthu zoterezo chinali zolinga zamagulu, lero masamba a blade ali ochuluka kwambiri. Ogulitsawo akuyesera kutsindika za mtundu wachitsanzo, kuganizira za momwe akugwirira ntchito. Izi sizikukhudza kokha maonekedwe a mpeni, komanso kupanga mapangidwe. Ndipotu bulat yokha ndi imodzi mwa zitsulo zokongola kwambiri, ndipo kukhalapo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yojambula ndi zojambula pazitsulo kumathandiza kwambiri kukongoletsa makhalidwe a mankhwalawa. Koma ndithudi, amayamikira makapu a mtundu uwu makamaka chifukwa cha ntchito zawo.

Kupanga mipeni ya bulat

Bulat zitsulo zimapangidwa ndi njira yosungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ingotsangidwe ndi ingots pansi pa dzina la VUZ. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zimenezi, amapangidwa ndi damaski yodabwitsa kwambiri. Ndipo chitsulochi sichitha kutchulidwa, chifukwa chimaphatikizapo zigawo ziwiri - graphite (kapena makala) ndi chitsulo. Kuti apange makina amphamvu amphamvu a mipeni, luso la kuponyera limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe likuchitika pang'onopang'ono:

• Choyamba, chitsulo chachikulu cha chitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kenaka, billetyo imasakanizidwa ndi makala.
• Pambuyo pake, chitsulocho chimayikidwa mu crucible, komwe imatentha mpaka 1200 ºC.
• Momwemonso, chitsulocho chimagwedezeka pang'onopang'ono kuti apange ubweya womwewo.

Kuchokera ku ingotsulo, aluso akupanga damask blades. Gawo ili limapatsa ambuye malo ambiri osiyana pa ntchito yawo yapadera. Kwenikweni, chinthu chachikulu, chomwe chimasiyanitsa mipeni ku damask steel ndi manja, izi ndizoyambirira, ndipo nthawi zina zinsinsi zatsopano. Ndipo izi zimakhudza njira zowonjezera komanso kuumitsa, pamene chitsulo chimapeza makhalidwe ake.

Kupanga Makina a Damask

Ndi luso la kupanga makina a bulat, njira yopangira zipangizo kuchokera ku Damascus steel imagwirizanitsa , koma palinso kusiyana kwakukulu. Zoona zake n'zakuti Damasiko ndizitsulo zogwirizana, zomwe zimakhala ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana. Mbali imeneyi inachititsanso kuti pakhale chinthu chodabwitsa pamtengo wotsirizidwa. Ponena za mphamvu zamagetsi, mipeni ya Damasiko ndi Damasiko zitsulo ziri pafupi. Komabe, pakati pa zochitika zakale, pulasitiki imatchulidwa, ndipo bulat imadziwika ndi kukhwima ndi kuuma. Damasiko imapangidwa pa zipangizo zotchinga, zomwe zingayimiridwe motere:

• Phukusi lazitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndilopangidwa.
• Zigawo zimatsanulidwa ndi kutuluka, kenaka ziyenera kutenthedwa m'ng'anjo.
• Kenaka chitsulocho chimamangirira, pomwe chimatha.
• The workpiece amadulidwa, kachiwiri kupanga phukusi limodzi ndi kubwereza ndondomeko yoyamba kangapo.
• Chiwerengero cha zigawo zingathe kufika pa zikwi, koma akatswiri amaganiza kuti zigawo 300 ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti apeze makhalidwe abwino.

Mankhwala a damask osiyanasiyana

Damasiko ndi damask amakulolani kuti mupange makani pa zosowa zirizonse. Makhalidwe a chitsulo chotere amatha mapeto okhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Amapirira bwino ntchito zawo zonse pamoyo ndi tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, pali mizere yapadera ya asodzi ndi asaka. Pakati pa alendo omwe amapezeka posachedwa ndi mazenera ochokera ku damask steel, omwe amasiyana mogwira ntchito komanso mphamvu, komanso momasuka. Mosiyana, zinthu zoterezi zimayamikiridwa ndi okonda zinthu zokongola, makamaka, ozizira. M'nkhaniyi, ndi bwino kukumbukira zojambula zapadera pamwamba pa tsamba la damesk. Choncho, akatswiri ambiri amisiri amapanga mipeni yokhayokha, kuphatikizapo miyala ndi kuikapo mitundu ya nkhuni.

Mitsuko ya kusaka

Kusaka ndi kusodza ndizo malo omwe amapita kuti apite kuzipangizo za damask. Kawirikawiri zokhudzana ndi zofunikira zoterezi, kugwiritsira ntchito matekinoloje akugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muthe kupeza kampani yotentha kwambiri ya carbon dioxide ndi yodalirika. Mwachizoloŵezi, khalidwe lalikulu limene abasebenzisi akuyesa ming'alu yosaka ya Damasiko ndi Damas chuma, ndi luso locheka kwambiri.

Kuonjezera apo, tsambali limatha kukhalabe pamtunda kwa nthawi yaitali, ndikukhazikitsa nthawi yabwino kwambiri. Mbali imeneyi ndi yofunikira kwambiri kumunda, kumene kulibe nthawi yodzigwiritsira ntchito mpeni. Monga eni ake akugwiritsira ntchito, tsamba lapamwamba lingathe kudula mphulupulu kapena ntchire, popanda kufunika kumaliza. Pa nthawi yomweyo mipeni ya damask imadziwika bwino, yosinthidwa ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana pa kusaka ndi kusodza.

Mikono ya khitchini

Zopadera za bulat sizikananyalanyazidwa ndi ophika a suti zosiyana. Masiku ano sizidzakhala zovuta kupeza mankhwala abwino kwa khitchini iliyonse. Monga lamulo, iwo amapangidwa kukonzekera zosowa zinazake. Mwachitsanzo, mu gawo ili, timayamikira kwambiri mafano. Koma nkofunika kulingalira kuti mipeni yomwe ili ndi manja osadziwa kungakhale yoopsa kwambiri. Vutoli ndilokhazikika mu luso lawo lodzicheka, lomwe ndilo dongosolo lalikulu kwambiri kuposa zowonongeka za mpeni. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse, damask tsamba mu khitchini ikhoza kukhala yopanda pake, koma ngati mukugwira ntchito mwakhama ndi vuto la mankhwala - apa lidzabwera moyenera.

Zitsanzo zopangidwa ndi manja zopangidwa ndi manja

Zosankha izi zingatchedwe kwambiri. Mipeni yambiri ya bulat imakhala yovuta kwambiri - imakhala yaikulu ndipo ingabweretse mavuto ochulukirapo poyendetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Komabe, kupukuta mipeni ku damask zitsulo sikunathenso kusokonekera. Zitsanzo zoterezi zimapangidwa ndi manja, pomwe kupanga zovuta kuli kovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa mtengo. Ndipo komabe kampeni ya mpeni ya mthumba imadzilungamitsa yokha mpaka mokwanira. Koma nkofunika kulingalira kuti, malingana ndi kapangidwe ka mpeni, ntchito zake zimachepetsedwa. Mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chipangizochi , makamaka, amachititsa kuti mphamvu zisawonongeke. Komabe, ntchito yayikulu komanso kutseguka kwa ntchito zimabweretsa vutoli.

Mipeni ya Tanto

Iyi ndi mtundu wapadera wa mipeni ya damaki, yomwe makamaka imatsanzira samurai malupanga. Choncho, tanto zithunzi ndi elongated mawonekedwe khalidwe la Japanese analogues. Mipeni yotereyi imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, koma zimaperekedwa mwapadera ku ntchito ya mbuyeyo. Kawirikawiri zimapangidwa ndi zikopa, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakulolani kuti "muzimitse" kugwedeza kulikonse. Koma mwatsoka, muzochitika palibe mtundu woterewu, ndipo amakhalabe zokongoletsa.

Ndemanga za makina a damask

Kwenikweni, malingaliro a ogwiritsira ntchito makayi a bulat ndi abwino. Makamaka izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo amene adayesa kuyesa zogwiritsira ntchito. Amakondwera ndi maonekedwe awo, amapatsa zokondweretsa, komanso amagwiritsira ntchito, kuthana ndi ntchito iliyonse yodula. Komanso, anthu odziwa bwino kwambiri amayamikira makhalidwe omwe ali ndi nkhono za bulat. Mayankho ochokera kwa ogwiritsira ntchitowa amadziwikiranso zolephera. Makamaka, zitsanzo zina zimakhala zowonongeka, ngakhale kuti izi sizikhala zosangalatsa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira. Mwa njira, kale adatchula mtengo wamtengo wapatali (pafupifupi 5-7,000 rubles.) Komanso zimapangitsa kuti kupeza kusapezeke kwa ambiri. Komabe, ndizosatheka kupeza mpeni womwewo kuchokera ku steels zina za ndalamazo.

Kutsiliza

Kujambula mipeni ya damask kumachokera nthawi zakale. Ku Russia m'masiku akale kunali ambiri odziwika bwino m'misonkhano yonse ku Ulaya, yomwe inali yotchuka chifukwa cha zinsinsi zapadera zogwiritsira ntchito katundu wolemera. Komanso masiku ano, mipeni yochokera ku damask steel ndizopangidwa m'nyumba zopangidwa ndi manja sizongomveka ku Russia komanso ku mayiko akunja. Amisiri amisiri amakhala ndi zinsinsi zawo zopangira, ndikuwapatsa makhalidwe abwino. Koma kuwonjezera pa mipeni muyenera kuzindikira ndi zina zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito damask metal. Izi ndi nkhwangwa, ndi chopper, ndi malupanga osiyanasiyana okhala ndi malupanga. Amakhalanso ndi zida zapamwamba zamkuwa, zomwe zimangowathandiza kuti azigwira ntchito mwamsanga, komanso zimakondweretsa diso ndi mawonekedwe ake.