Mankhwala woipa: ofunsira chilinganizo. Zimene chlorine woipa pa thupi

Mankhwala dioxide, kapena ClO ₂ - ndi pawiri zochita kupanga mankhwala mchitidwe CL (chlorine) ndi mankhwala mchitidwe O (mpweya). M'nkhaniyi tiona mwatsatanetsatane thunthu ndi kupeza kumene ntchito, mmene opangidwa mu Laboratories ndi mafakitale, monga amachita pa thupi.

silika ndi chiyani? Mosiyana ndi woipa okusayidi

Ophunzira ambiri anatayika pa maso pa mawu "silika", chifukwa mu sayansi, ngati zimapangidwira, lingaliro ili ndi pang'ono akale. Mawu "silika" akhoza kupezeka mu mabuku, mabuku ndi pa intaneti, koma m'masukulu ena kale anasiya kufotokoza chomwe icho chiri.

Choncho, ife tonse tikudziwa kuti okusayidi izi. Okusayidi - pawiri mpweya (O) ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse zochepa electronegative amafotokozera. Okusayidi ndi ClO _2. Woipa ambiri amati pawiri amene alipo maatomu awiri O. The manambala oyambirira "di" mu "silika" amatanthauza "ziwiri."

Mukamva mau "silika" akutanthauza ichi kugwirizana awiri maatomu oxygen. Zimenezi zingakuthandizeni kulemba mankhwala opangidwa ndi pawiri la.

thupi katundu wa thunthu

Mankhwala woipa - ndi gaseous mankhwala ndi fungo khalidwe, ndi mtundu wofiira, wachikasu. Koma madigiri pa kutentha m'munsimu 10 Celsius mankhwala amasintha boma thupi kwasanduka madzi pabuka-bulauni. Pamene mkangano chimaphulika. bwino ndi mwachangu amasungunula mu madzi. bwino wosanganiza ndi sungunuka solvents zina organic monga asidi acetic acid sulfuric. mankhwala limatsogolera kutentha ndi -59 digiri centigrade, ndi kuwira mfundo zake - madigiri 9.7 okha Celsius.

Kukonzekera njira zasayansi

Pakali pano, ntchito njira imodzi yokha yopangira chlorine woipa zasayansi - ndi zimene chlorate potaziyamu (KClO ₃₎ ndi asidi oxalic, amene ali ndi chilinganizo H ₂ C ₂ O _4. Chifukwa cha zimene anachita izi allocated ClO _2, komanso madzi ndi sodium wochuluka oxalate.

Komabe ClO ₂ angalandire njira ina. Chifukwa chaichi pali unsembe wapadera. Unsembe wa chlorine woipa - ndi zothandiza sayansi chitsanzo. Chotero unsembe ndi zizindikiro ulamuliro wagawo, ndi riyakitala kwa mapampu kulanda reagents zosiyanasiyana riyakitala, komanso ngati kuli nthambi zosiyanasiyana ndi mavavu. Pakuti ClO ₂ ntchito chidulo cha safuriki, njira ya sodium kolorayidi ndi sodium wochuluka chlorate. Izi zimachititsa njira chlorine woipa.

njira Kukonzekera mafakitale

ClO _2, asayansi bwanji kuzichita ndi njira mafakitale. Kuti apange izi zimachitika kuchepetsa zomwe chlorate ndi sodium yafupika ndi woipa sulfure. Mu zimene chlorine woipa adzamasulidwa, kukonzekera amene tapanga, ndipo sulphate ndi sodium wa hydrogen.

The katundu mankhwala thunthu

Mu chlorine woipa ali katundu zingapo zofunika mankhwala. ClO ₂ ndi okusayidi acidic (izo akusonyeza katundu acidic, komanso ndipamene kislosoderzhaschie acid). Pa kuvunda m'madzi chlorine woipa limapezeka disproportionation anachita, i.e. mapangidwe zidulo monga chlorous ndi chloric. Ngati chlorine okusayidi yokha kuyaka moto kuwala, njira zake ndi khola ndithu mu mdima ndi kuunika si zoopsa kwambiri, koma pang'onopang'ono adzitsitsa.

ClO ₂ zochita zambiri khalidwe ngati mphamvu oksilitel sing'anga wakwiya ndi mankhwala ambiri zimapangidwira organic.

ntchito

Mankhwala dioxide, ntchito amene ali ofanana kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndi anthu otchuka tsopano. thunthu nthawi zambiri amachita zothetsa kuthimbirira. Mankhwala okusayidi ntchito makamaka kwa oyeretsa zipangizo monga pepala, ufa, etc.

Komanso, chinthu imatengedwa ndi akatswiri ClO ₂ mmodzi wa wamphamvu kwambiri wothandizila antimicrobial padziko lonse. N'chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri ntchito yolera yotseketsa ndi tizirombo pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Amapha tizilomboto tizilombo ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni, chifukwa chakuti oxidizer ndi avareji. Mankhwala dioxide, amene ntchito chifukwa kuwonjezera katundu asidi, tsopano ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri.

mankhwala ndi irreplaceable makampani, ndendende chifukwa alipo ochepa kwambiri zinthu mankhwala zipangizo ndalama ndi wochezeka. Disinfection ntchito ClO ₂ otetezeka kwambiri chilengedwe otizungulira. Mpaka lero, pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya ndi madzi CL kwa yolera yotseketsa ndi disinfection. Koma m'zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa mavuto a zachilengedwe, ntchito otetezeka tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - chlorine woipa. Mosiyana ndi chlorine chinthu choyera, kudziwika kwa ife ClO ₂ samalowa mu chlorination anachita ndi zinthu zina ndi zinthu mankhwala.

Madzi kupopera mankhwala ndi chlorine, munthu osati kumwa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito osamba khungu. Koma chlorine woipa wathandiza vutoli: tikhoza kwathunthu, chifukwa sakhala nawo mu chlorination anachita.

Zimene chlorine woipa pa thupi

Mankhwala dioxide, zotsatira zake pa chamoyo kuphunzira ndi asayansi zaka zambirimbiri. Tsopano ndi mankhwala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito adzasowa chakudya monga zowonjezera E926. Mwatsoka, ambiri E zowonjezera zili zoipa kwambiri, ndi anthu wamba, ogula katundu, pang'ono amadziwika za iwo. Ena zina Komabe, wowona, koma pali oopsa. Mankhwala woipa akhoza aziwapatsa poseredinke: ndi zoipa kwa thupi, ndi osafunika, koma mankhwala alibe mavuto aakulu pa thupi la munthu, mosiyana ndi otchuka glutamate lero ndi sodium.

Pamene ntchito chakudya zina pamenepa, mukalandire chifuwa, nthawi zina ndithu amphamvu ndi okhalitsa, mkwiyo wa nembanemba mucous, kuukira mphumu. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi mankhwala kuti Airways mapapo kuyabwa angagwe.

Mankhwala woipa - ndi wokongola chidwi zinthu zimene asayansi kuphunzira wakhala zaka zambiri. Ndi irreplaceable makampani, makamaka chakudya, ndi wochezeka komanso otetezeka (kumene, pokhapokha ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera).