Marginality - ndi chinthu chibadidwe kwa anthu?

Lero, ndi zambiri mukhoza kumva akuluakulu a osankhika aluntha kuti marginality monga chodabwitsa chitukuko - tsoka kwa chuma masiku ano ndi ndale. Koma tanthauzo ndi mawu? Ngati marginality - ndi zotsatira za nkhondo ndi malamulo wogwila amenewa, kodi kulimbana ndi ngati inu mukufuna kuchita zimenezi?

Likukhalira, marginality - mutu kuti nkhawa akatswiri mu 20 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Okanidwa pa nthawi lotchedwa osamuka amene anasamukira ku North America, sakanakhoza mofananira ndi zosokoneza m'deralo. Kenako, mfundo marginality anakhala ntchito kwa osowa pokhala shaggy ndi loyandikana zinyalala, ndi wojambula aluntha ndi ufulu kaonedwe pa moyo.

Tonga American Katswiri Robert Park nyengo analankhula amadza chifukwa cha kusamuka pa kulimbitsa mphwayi pakati pa khwimbi la anthu. Today marginality - khalidwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika achinyamata lero, omwe si nkhani malamulo analandira ndi miyambo, komanso si kuteteza anu. Koma alipo osati ake, komanso anthu ena a anthu. Choncho tikhoza kunena kuti marginality - ndi umoyo maganizo chodabwitsa chimene chili chibadidwe anthu onse.

Mabuku pa phunziro ili, izi mitundu ya zochitika:

• strukturanaya kapena chikhalidwe;
• chikhalidwe kapena ethno-mitundu;
• mmphepete zokhuza chikhalidwe chawo.

akatswiri a masiku ano chinkhoswe mu kuphunzira chifukwa chiyani magulu amene samagwirizana ndi alipo Zamakhalidwe. Pali njira ziwiri zofunika kufotokoza zodabwitsazi. Anthu sangathe kulandira ponseponse chifukwa chakuti anthu pa mphindi pali kusintha anthu, komanso chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo a m'maganizo.

A. Fardzh Mwachitsanzo, ananena kuti kuponderezedwa kwa anthu ndi zotsatira za nkhondo ya pakati pa malamulo chikhalidwe chofuna kuchita miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, nkhondo zoterozo kumachitika pamene pali kwambiri kusamuka utuluke. Nditabwerera kwawo sitingapeze ankamangidwanso ndi kwathunthu kutengera dongosolo latsopano khalidwe ngati mlendo. Fardzh mmphepete akuitana anthu omwe sangathe atengere chilengedwe chawo. Choncho, iwo akhoza kukhala osati alendo komanso anthu amene ataya alipidwa chuma chawo. Brighton Beach, ndi chinatown mu mzinda waukulu US wa New York - chabe okanidwa ammudzi omwe samafuna ndi musatenge malamulo anavomera m'dzikoli. Iwo ndi moyo monga momwe ankachitira, koma kwawo latsopano.

Mu zaka 90 Mu zaka zapitazo gulu lopatulika la kuwapatula anthu Russian. Ena mwa iwo oimira "pansi chikhalidwe", ndi "latsopano Russian". Aliyense wa magulu awa anali maganizo awo pa moyo, zokonda ndi zofuna, amene ali modabwitsa wosiyana zofuna ndi zosowa za kalasi pakati.