Mayiko a EU. Mbiri ya European Union

1951 unachita kwambiri pakhale asapita wachibadidwe latsopano zachuma pakati pa mayiko osiyanasiyana a ku Ulaya. Chaka chino anabadwa imodzi mwa ntchito bwino kwambiri chuma. Tikuyankhula zokhudza European Community Economic. Poyamba zinali m'malo wodzichepetsa mtima wamphumphu, amene ali mamembala a mayiko asanu okha European. Iwo aziphunzitsidwa anayamba dziko ndi chuma khola ndi chiyembekezo chabwino cha m'tsogolo.

Germany, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Italy ndi Luxembourg - mayiko a EU, anali apainiya wa asapita yandale yatsopano ndi chuma dera lonse. Ndipotu, anali rehearsal tsogolo mgwirizano zachuma. Mu 1951, latsopano Western European pazachuma mazikowo. Chiyambi cha ntchito ya maiko otukuka pa nthawi bwino kwambiri moti asayansi ndi chuma mu Poyang'ana m'mbuyo zapakati pa 50s mochedwa m'ma 70s amatchedwa "golide zaka" mu moyo wa European Community.

kuwerengetsa Izi EU anayamba zikamera mu 1957, chifukwa anali ndiye anagwirizana yosainidwa pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtundu zatsopano ubale - European Economic Community. Mayiko mu EU ankasiyana kukula osaneneka a zachuma. Ndi khalidwe kuti kupitiriza anati mu zaka 15.

Mayiko a EU, anapatsa anthu awo ndi mkulu muyezo wa amoyo chifukwa chakuti gulu latsopano ndi bwino kukhala ndi cholinga ndi kukhazikitsa iwo mu ndondomeko zina, ndipo ndithu bwinobwino. Mu nthawi yoyamba (zaka 50-70) Kupambana kwakukulu ndi chilengedwe cha bwino msika wamba ulimi. United Kingdom, Ireland ndi Denmark yothandiza zoperekedwa awo pamwamba mndandanda mu 1973.

Kodi zinali - chozizwitsa zachuma kapena ndimaganiza limati moyenera ndondomeko? M'malomwake, otsiriza, monga mayiko a ku EU, anaganiza yomweyo, mafunso ambiri chifukwa chakuti kuonetsetsa malonda bwino mu Union. Iwo anachotsa chiletso pa kayendedwe ka likulu, anthu ndi misonkhano, anayambitsa mfundo wamba pa mayendedwe ndi ulimi, ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, dongosolo logwirizana msonkho.

Poyamba, mayiko a European Union, anakamba ndi bwinobwino akuyendera cholinga kulenga msika limodzi katundu ndi likulu, komanso anakonza ntchito zomveka kwa ogwira ntchito mu zone EU. Union States kuonetsetsa digiri yapamwamba ya vuto la zachuma, khola asapita ndalama ndi chuma, mgwirizano anthu, ndondomeko moyenera zakunja, komanso chitetezo cha maiko mamembala a m'banjamo.

Mbiri zofunika chinali chaka cha 1967 pamene Union analenga mkati anali waukulu mabungwe malamulo: bungwe European, yamalamulo, Council ndi Court. Chochitika china chinali kukhazikitsidwa kwa gawo la Greece mu 1981. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti nkhondo, yemwe chifukwa cha mismatch wa chuma Greek ndi mlingo wa mayiko amene anali gawo la Union kwa nthawi yaitali. Mayiko kunja EU panthawi imeneyo anali ndi mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri kutukula. inalowa Greece zinachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha zovuta ndi zomvetsa.

Mu 1986, mayiko a European Union totaled mu limati awiri ali wamkulu chifukwa cha inalowa la Spain ndipo Portugal. A udindo waukulu ulili tsogolo la EU ankaimba Maastricht Pangano, limene lalembedwa mu February 1992. Mayiko a European Union, ndi nthawi iyi anali mu malo ake ndi anthu oposa 15. Mofanana umodzi European banki ndi mphamvu zazikulu ndi ufulu kuti apereke ndalama umodzi analengedwa.

Pa 1 January 1995 ku EU zikuphatikizapo m'mayiko amenewa zapamwamba monga Finland, Austria ndi Sweden. The Amsterdam Pangano ili ndi dongosolo lenileni la yowonjezera European Union mu June 1997, zimayenera kupita mu yaitali mayiko a ku Central Europe. dongosolo, komanso ena onse, mgwirizano ikuchitika monga "wolemekezeka", koma pa nthawi yomweyo anakumana ndi mavuto ena azachuma.

Mu 2004, Commonwealth analowa boma: Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Cyprus, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Czech Republic ndi Estonia. Zinali kupambana kwa Eastern Europe. Iye anamupeza iye mwayi kuti agwirizane bwino dongosolo la zachuma European, ndi okhala m'mayiko amenewa asamukira latsopano, mfundo bwino moyo.

Mu 2007, EU watengera mabungwe ake Romania ndi Bulgaria.

Kodi EU ndi lero? Izi zachuma padziko lonse, limene mpaka pano bwinobwino ukugwira ntchito, ndi kulowa kuti maloto a m'mayiko ambiri. Ndi zizindikiro zonse - zoona, gulu lapadziko lonse, ngakhale ndi ntchito ya boma. Komabe, mwaukadaulo ndi - monga mgwirizano, koma ali ndi ufulu wonse nawo kuphatikiza a mgwirizano wa mayiko, ndi kukopa kwake ikukula chaka chilichonse. Mosakayikira, EU ndi phindu mu kuti akhoza kubweretsa mtendere wosatha, chitukuko ndi kukhazikika mu Europe.