M'banja Politika Petra 1

Zotsatira za ulamuliro Peter 1 kunali kwakukulu, olemekezeka, azambiriyakale ambiri ndi chothetsera kugawaniza Russian mbiri m'nyengo ya chisanadze Petrine ndipo pambuyo Petrine. Mtima mfumu anali ndi chopunthwitsa ndi fupa la mkangano chifukwa ofufuza. Izo anagawa asayansi m'magulu awiri: kuvomereza kusintha kwa Peter 1 ndi kuwaponya.

Choncho, choyamba mukuganiza kuti malamulo ena ndi zoweta a Peter Wamkulu anali kutsogolera amphamvu kupititsa patsogolo dziko. Chachiwiri, m'malo mwake, timakhulupirira kuti zochita zawo mfumu yokha wotetezedwa serfdom ndi feudalism, ndipo okangamirawo yopuma-ndi miyambo anakhazikitsa ndi moyo zinafuna zodabwitsa zotsala zimene zinachitika pa ulamuliro wake.

Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, ndi mkati Politika Petra 1 yakhudza pafupifupi mmalo osiyanasiyana.

Imodzi mwa kusintha kwakukulu kwa mfumu - kusintha mkhalidwe zipangizo ulamuliro. Back mu 1708 dziko unagawidwa zigawo zisanu ndi zitatu zazikulu kulimbitsa mphamvu ya m'munda. Zigawo anali ogaŵikana zigawo ndi maiko, kenako - mu zigawo.

Pambuyo Nkhondo ya Poltava , iye kwathunthu kusintha boma (onse m'deralo ndi pakati). Mu 1711, nyumba ya Senate anali m'malo ndi Boyar Duma. Zisanu ndi zinayi osankhidwa Peter olemekezeka anapereka lumbiro, iye ndi olembedwa, ndi kusamalira chuma cha boma, kulenga malamulo atsopano. Mu 1722 Peter 1 anasankhanso Loya.

Mu nthawi kuchokera 1718 mpaka 1721 10 matabwa m'malo malamulo 50. Aliyense gulu ankachita nawo malonda ina. zinthu zauzimu, mwachitsanzo, anali kuyang'anira Synod, analengedwa 1721.

A analengeza mu 1721 Mfumu Peter 1 potsiriza anagwirizana mphamvu zake monga malire, autocratic mfumu.

M'banja Politika Petra 1 zinachititsa kusintha chikhalidwe. Malinga ndi lamulo pa primogeniture, lofalitsidwa mu 1714, anthu otchuka ndi malo Boyar patrimony chimodzi ndi chomwecho. Iye kuphatikiza ma utumiki awiriwa mu kalasi imodzi, amene oimira ankatchedwa olemekezeka. Lamulo lomwelo unkayenera kuti asiye chuma kwa mmodzi wa ana ake tinatengera. Komanso, anthu olemekezeka anawalamula kutumikira m'nyanja, asilikali kapena boma mabungwe.

Mu 1722 inasindikizidwa tebulo la mabungwe amene anali kutumikira pa bwalo, asilikali ndiponso anthu wamba. Tithe anali khumi ndi zinayi, ndi pamwamba pa izo zinali zotheka pambuyo kudutsa mu gawo lina lotsatira.

Anthu onse, kupatulapo mamembala a atsogoleri achipembedzo komanso otchuka kulipira misonkho ku boma, otchedwa "kafukufuku msonkho" (payekha aliyense wamwamuna aliyense, ndipo m'badwo ndi dzuwa sanali n'komwe). Tizipereka msonkho ndi amisiri okhala m'mizinda, amene Komanso anali alembedwa masitolo. Komanso, kuyambira 1724, popanda chilolezo cholembedwa cha mwini malo ankatha anasiya ntchito m'dera lina. Ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo mu dziko opemphapempha onse anatola, odwala, olumala, ndipo anatumizidwa ku obisika kapena poorhouse.

Choncho, pang'onopang'ono anapanga latsopano yomanga ya anthu kumadalira pa mfundo za zigawo m'manja mwa lamulo boma.

M'banja Politika Petra 1 nkomwe anakhudza ulimi. Iwo sanaime chitukuko cha m'mayiko ena, kuswana a Mitundu latsopano la ziweto, kulima mitundu yatsopano ya mbewu. M'mphawi ntchito operekedwa ndi lamulo ndi nzika, kotero serfs anali zambiri pansi kuponderezedwa kwambiri.

M'banja Politika Petra 1 sikuti kuyambitsa kusintha kwabwino. Ichi chinali chifukwa makamaka sitili pa ndondomeko yeniyeni ya kusintha zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri zinachitika ndi kuyambira ndi nthawi zofunikira si wolungamitsidwa ndi anathetsedwa, ndipo m'malo analenga ndipo pomwepo anayambitsa latsopano.