Nkhondo ya Poltava - chida cha maphunziro national

Nkhondo ya Poltava anali mmodzi mwa nkhani yakula wa asapita Chiyukireniya-Russian ndi zokambirana pa mbiri wamba. Kwa nthawi yaitali dzina la Ivan Mazepa (wina wa ochita chifungulo cha nkhani imeneyi m'mbiri) munthu mpatuko ndi kuperekedwa. Lomveka zoipa ziyenera a khalidwe si kufunsidwa mu nthawi Tsarist ndi Soviet. Ndi kuti kuyambira pachiyambi penipeni ochepa Magulu amene analibe sakuthandiza. Komabe, kugwa kwa Soviet Union ndi kubadwa kwa statehood dziko lonse Ukraine ndi Russia zinayambitsa zikamera maganizo atsopano maganizo. Ntchito Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, Poltava nkhondo, zithunzi mbiri Simona Petlyury, Petra Skoropadskogo ndi umunthu ena anali kwathunthu rethought latsopano Chiyukireniya historiography. Izi zayambitsa ndipo akupitiriza chifukwa anthuwo wa mbali Russian, kumene Baibulo la mtundu uwu ankaona kupotoza zinthu zomwe zinachitika.

nkhondo ya Poltava

Kawirikawiri ntchito Ivana Mazepy anapereka monga momwe mbiri ya munthu, amene anabwera zikomo mphamvu ku zikhumbo za Alexei Mikhailovich. Akukhulupirira kuti yalimbikitsa kukopa kwake kudzera zothandizira mipingo yawo Poroshenko. Mnthawi lalikulu Mazepa kumpoto nkhondo, Russia inasanduka msasa wa adani a Charles XII. Poyankha, masiku Chiyukireniya ofufuza atchule nkhani zambiri kwambiri mu chithunzi m'banja. Pakati pa anthu, pali mapulani kuchepetsa mfundo za Peter Ine, ndi m'tsogolo, kuwononga maboma onse Hetman ku Ukraine. Ngakhale kuti pangano kuti Cossack osankhika mu 1654 inali kuperekedwa monga mgwirizano wa suzerain ndi m'manja asayambe ufulu waukulu wa Cossacks, koma osati Kugonja wathunthu. Kunyalanyaza zofuna za mbali Chiyukireniya zokambirana ndi mfumu Polish, amene anali atalonjezedwa ena anataya osati kale m'dziko, komanso sanali kuwonjezera kutchuka kwa mfumu.

Mfundo yovuta chinali chakuti Peter Ine kupereka thandizo la asilikali ku Ukrainians pa nthawi ya nkhondo, pamene mbali Swedish chayandikira kwa mathithi a Dnieper. Inu zingachititse kwambiri zifukwa "chifukwa" ndi "kutsutsa." Kuti mmene zinakhalira, ndi Nkhondo ya Poltava (tsiku lake - June 27, 1709) anataika ndi asilikali a Sweden, ndi Mazepa. Ndipo nkhani umadziwika kuti linalembedwa ndi opambana lapansi.

Mtengo wa Chikumbutso National

Anthu ambiri asiya kukhulupirira mu lingaliro dziko, chifukwa akuti zisakuyenda wakhala sizachilendo ndi zosayenera ntchito ndi atolankhani ndi zithunzi pagulu. Koma Nkhondo ya Poltava mu 1709 sanataye tanthauzo lake ndi lofunika kwambiri kwa kupeza Chiyukireniya kudziona kuti ndife Akristu ndi statehood. Chifukwa maziko a mtundu uliwonse kupatula anayambira, ndi chinenero ndi chikhalidwe, alinso kukumbukira zakale: mgwirizano wa maganizo a m'gulu la dziko ndi zochitika za m'mbuyomu, mavuto ndi zigonjetso, ngwazi dziko. Chochitika chachikulu cha mawonekedwe gulu kukumbukira chitsanzo cha m'deralo wowerengeka.

Mwachitsanzo, Ayuda amakono anazindikira chitsanzo mtundu wovulalayo. The zochitika chapakati pa zochita zawo ndi chinsinsi mgwirizano ndi chiwonongeko ndi chiwerengero cha zochitika zina chokhwima kuti anali odziwa ndi kugonjetsa Ayuda. Nayenso, mu boma la Soviet mwina mu Russia zamakono Chimodzi cha zida zofunika kwambiri kulumikizanitsa mtundu amakhala pokweza Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ndi kupambana pa izo.

Pakuti masiku ano Chiyukireniya ideologists ndi atsogoleri ndi zofunika kwambiri kupeza wamba kuti ngwazi zonse m'dzikolo. Kapena pangani iwo. Yotsirizira ndi chokondweretsa kwambiri ndipo kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, Alexander Nevsky - chithunzi chabwino kwa munthu aliyense Russian, ngakhale iye sali bwino ntchito zake.

Ngakhale anapeza ofufuza masiku ano kuti Nkhondo ya Ice, mwachionekere, zilibe kanthu kwambiri, monga izo zinali nthawi yaitali zimachitika historiography zoweta, chifukwa chizindikiro cha mtundu ano Russian pa njira zofunika kuposa zochitika zenizeni zimene zinachitika mu 1242. Pomaliza, ife amakondwererabe pa February 23, kukhulupirira, malinga ndi stereotype chikhalidwe, tsiku lake la ulemerero wa Red Army. Ngakhale malinga ndi zolembedwa si.

Mwachitsanzo, Bogdan Khmelnitsky - mmodzi wa ngwazi ochepa amene amadziwa zonse Western ndi kum'mawa Ukraine, ndi mfundo zosiyana. Ndi kokha choyamba - womenya ndi chinyengo dziko, ndi kwa chachiwiri - ndi kalasi zimene anachita mu historiography Soviet. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Ayuda tatchulawa ndipo iye anachita antihero wolakwa kupulula zikuluzikulu ndiponso kupha anthu awo. Ndipo Nkhondo ya Poltava, chimene chiri chofunika kwa amitundu onse m'malo chizindikiro chabe, osati kwenikweni chochitika mbiriyakale kuti zinagwira kusamvetsetsa mangawawo.