Mchere wa Republic of Komi: sandstone, quartzite, zotayidwa miyala, malasha kubala madipoziti, mwala zachilengedwe zipangizo

Komi Republic - phunziro la Russian Federation, wa North-West Federal District.

zambiri

Derali lili mbali Loona za dziko, mu kwambiri kumpoto kum'mawa, kumadzulo kwa Urals lapansi. Republic Square ndi 416 800 sq.km. mizinda yayikulu - Syktyvkar - likulu la Republic, Vorkuta, Sosnogorsk, Inta, Ukhta, Vuktyl, ndi Pechora Usinsk. m'malire Komi Republic pa Yamalo-Nenets, Nenets ndi Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area, Arkhangelsk, Kirov ndi Sverdlovsk zigawo ndi dera Perm.

72% ya m'dera limene mukukhala nkhalango derali. Pamodzi kumalire a kum'mawa kwa dziko la Komi kutambasula Ural. Ena a nkhani - izo zithaphwi, Titafika pamalo ndi msipu olenmi ndi Titafika pamalo nkhalango. Pali kuwiri mitsinje: Vychegda ndi Pechora. The Republic Komi wolemera nyanja kwambiri.

The Republic Komi ili mu kotentha ndi subarctic mabacteria nyengo, choncho pali nthawi yaitali, yozizira ndi m'chilimwe, Komano, ozizira ndi waufupi. Nthawi zambiri pali kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi kuthamanga mumlengalenga, zowononga, mvula lolemera.

phunziro zimapezeka mwa oimira 130 mitundu! 65% ya iwo - Russia. Mu malo chachiwiri oimira Komi anthu, awo 24%. Chili kuti Belarusians, Ukrainians, Chitata, Komis Izhma, Chuvash, Mari, Bashkir, Mordovian, Udmurt, Nenets, Komi-Permian, ndi ena.

nkhani

Mpaka cha m'ma XV, gawo anali gawo la Republic of Novgorod, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku Moscow State. Choncho, choyamba zimagulitsidwa tsitsi, ndi pakati pa zaka za m'ma XVIII pafupi Ukhta mtsinje anayamba kuchotsa mafuta. Chifukwa nyengo nkhanza mu dera pa nthawi imeneyo kunali anthu pang'ono.

Kumayambiriro 30 ntchentche wa XX atumwi mu Republic Komi anapeza malasha, koma anayamba kulowa mu Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Mu zaka omwewo kuti katundu wa matabwa, sitima inamangidwa mafuta ndi malasha.

Utatha Soviet Union mu 90s zaka mazana makumi awiri anabwera mavuto mu makampani a Republic.

zachilengedwe

Mchere Komi Republic mbali yofunika kwa dziko. Dera ndi lalikulu khala beseni, mafuta ndi mpweya m'chigawo ndi maiwe mafuta shale - mabwalo wolemera mphamvu.

Phunziro m'matangadza waukulu wa mafuta mafuta ndi mafuta shale, peat, zitsulo akakhala ndi sanali akakhala, osowa, anamwazikana ndi zitsulo osowa lapansi, zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndi diamondi. Common titaniyamu, manganese, chromite miyala ndi zitsulo zotayidwa.

chuma Nonmetallic mchere wa Republic of Komi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati Migodi mankhwala, migodi, piezooptic ndi khwatsi zipangizo. Pali zipangizo zitsulo, zodzikongoletsera, mwala wamtengo wapatali ndi kumanga mchere zipangizo.

kwambiri makampani nkhalango chitukuko m'dziko. M'dera la nkhalango ndi mahekitala miliyoni 38,9. Komanso, mu Republic Komi kwambiri a mchere, mwatsopano ndi pansi mafakitale.

mafuta okumba pansi

Zofunika kwambiri zachilengedwe wa Republic of Komi ndi malasha utsi. Makamaka m'pofunika kuonetsetsa malasha kubala madipoziti. Ambiri a iwo anaikira mu Pechora khala beseni. Apa, matani biliyoni 213 wa nkhokwe malasha, amene afufuza onse biliyoni 9.

Mu Nenets Autonomous Okrug ndi Republic Komi ili Timan-Pechora beseni 60% amene ali yosakongola chuma mafuta. zinthu zake Geological - matani biliyoni 4. Palinso pafupifupi 3 zankhaninkhani, Cu mamita ³ mpweya hydrocarbon.

Pa Timan, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Nyamed mu Izhmy beseni ndi mafakitale munda asphaltites - olimba zachilengedwe phula. Izi zili amphamvu kusintha supergene pa pamwamba pa mafuta. Asphaltites kudziunjikira pa mafuta zotuluka madipoziti mgodi. Timan gawo ndi imodzi mwa olemera mu Russia.

Peat - ndi nyanja thanthwe popangidwa ndi kudzikundikira undecomposed ku chithaphwi mpaka mapeto a zatsalira mbewu. bogs Peat ndife oposa 10% a gawo lonse la Republic, chifukwa nkhokwe apa chachikulu cha peat - 1 biliyoni matani.

Gawo la mafuta shale - maiwe zinayi: Bolshezemelskaya, Izhma, Yarengsky ndi Sysolskiy. Mafuta shale ndi mchere nyanja wopangidwa mwa mchere ndi zinthu organic (pakachitsulo, dongo, etc.) Gawo.

Migodi ndi zipangizo mankhwala yaiwisi

Mchere wa Republic of Komi ndi zanu, ndi migodi ndi mankhwala zipangizo. Zikuphatikizapo Mwachitsanzo, phosphates. Iwo anayamba pa Pai-Khoi, ndi kumalo ozizira Urals, Timan, komanso m'madamu kusambira Vym Sysola mitsinje.

Kuyambira XII m'ma m'dera anayamba kupanga mchere. Industrial nkhokwe a miyala ndi mchere potaziyamu ili pafupi ndi mudzi wa Seregovo ndi matani biliyoni 2,7. Chaka chilichonse anali ncho kuyambira 6000 matani mchere edible.

Mu Republic Komi, madipoziti awiri barite - Natural barium sulphate. Hoylinskogo nkhokwe za kuchuluka minda tonnes pafupifupi 40 miliyoni, iyo ili pafupi ndi tauni ya Vorkuta. munda Palninskoe ali ndi nkhokwe ang'onoang'ono - kuzungulira 17 miliyoni matani.

Pa mtsinje North Keltma mtsinje South Timan anapeza madipoziti ka sulfure mbadwa.

Migodi ndi zipangizo mafakitale yaiwisi

M'chigawo Ural-Zemlya kudziwika madipoziti lalikulu fluorite - kashiamu fluoride, ndi mandala kapena translucent mwala galasi luster ndi mtundu zosiyanasiyana. Waukulu mwa madipoziti kufufuza - Amderminsk anazisiya amaika kuchuluka matani oposa 1.5.

Miyala ya thanthwe galasi mu mapiri a kumalo ozizira Urals anali anapeza mu 1927. Monga zipangizo piezooptic yaiwisi galasi chinayamba mu 1930s oyambirira. Pa kumpoto Timan mu tonsils sibu anapeza timibulu ang'onoang'ono galasi.

Zinthu zachilengedwe mwala

Dera anapeza zipangizo mwala zachilengedwe monga laimu ndi dolomite - carbonates ya magnesium ndi calcium. Minda yaikulu olemera ndi Belgopskoe. Iwo lili Ukhta dera nkhokwe zake zopanda oposa 15 miliyoni mamita ^3.

Gypsum - zachilengedwe mwala chuma, ndi mchere ku gulu la sulfates - amapangidwa m'minda awiri. Pa Ust'Tsilma nkhokwe zake ndi matani 70 miliyoni, pa Izhemsky - pa 150 miliyoni matani.

The Republic Komi wolemera sandstones, quartzites ndi miyala crystalline. Mwachitsanzo, mu Middle Pechora ali asilikali gawo lomwe lili nkhokwe yaikulu ya mchenga khwatsi galasi.

zipangizo semiprecious yaiwisi

gulu lina la mchere wa Republic - izo kudula ndi kupukuta miyala. Zikuphatikizapo Mwachitsanzo, zamtengo wapatali, prehnite, khwatsi, Amber ndi mabomba. Pa kumalo ozizira Ural zimachitika zodzikongoletsera khwatsi mitundu kumalo ozizira Ural - zamtengo wapatali ndi North Timan - prehnite, silicates zotayidwa, ndi calcium.

Miyala yokongola monga nsangalabwi, sibu, yade, serpentinite, yade ndi yasipi. Pa Timan ndi kumalo ozizira Urals kufufuza nkhokwe ya agates pa Pai-Khoi - Jasper. The kumalo ozizira ndi kumalo ozizira Urals mungapeze nsangalabwi miyala: imvi - pafupi njanji Seida-Labytnangi, wachikasu ndi imvi - mu South Timan ndi pafupi siteshoni Halmer-U. Maonekedwe a serpentinite zimapezeka mabeseni wa mchewere Great Vangyr ndi Kosyu mu kumalo ozizira Urals, ndi miyala ya yade ndi yade zimapezeka kumalo ozizira Urals.

Zothandiza Komi Republic chuma ndi kuperekedwa mu daimondi. Apa amapezeka Devonian ndi paleorossypyah, osachepera - mu North ndi Middle Timan placers ano, apeza osowa anapeza mu Urals kumpoto.

mchere miyalayo

Dera lili madipoziti lalikulu la titaniyamu miyala 30% m'matangadza onse a maiko CIS. The madipoziti kwambiri kufufuza - ndi Yaregskoye. Zamkatimu leucoxene pano ndi 20-30%.

Mu Republic of Komi wamba zotayidwa miyala. m'chigawo kwambiri bauxite linatsegulidwa mu Middle ndi South Timan mu zaka zingapo zapitazi.

Gold miyala zambiri akukumana ndi kumalo ozizira ndi Urals kumalo ozizira, komanso Timan. The chidwi kwambiri amaonedwa mafakitale placer golide mu Timan headwater Tsilma, Nivshery ndi tansy ndi Kozhym beseni.

Pomaliza

The Republic Komi wolemera mafuta, mafuta ndi malasha. Chifukwa voliyumu ya mafuta okumba pansi angatchedwe dera waukulu mafuta m'munsi mwa gawo North European la Russia. Komanso, nkhani ya chuma kuikapo maganizo nkhalango ndi madzi.