M'dera la Ukraine. Ukraine - m'dera la m'dera

Monga amadziwika, Ukraine ndi limodzi la mayiko waukulu mu Europe. m'gawo lake lili mabacteria angapo nyengo, pali mitsinje yambiri, ndi chakumwera kusamba ndi nyanja ziwiri: Black ndi Azov.

Kodi mukudziwa m'dera zimene a Ukraine? No? Pa izi ndi zinthu zina zambiri ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi. owerenga, tidzaphunzira zambiri za mmene madera onse kalelo, kodi malo ake apadera amalembedwa pa mapu a malire boma, komanso kuti adziwane bwino ndi zigawo chofunika kwambiri dziko.

Gawo 1. General mudziwe

Ukraine ili ku Eastern Europe ndiponso ali m'malire ofanana ndi mayiko monga Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Moldova, Russia ndi Belarus.

ufulu wodzilamulira izo anagula mu August 1991. Pakali pano, boma likulu mzinda wa Kiev.

Okwana boma ndi pafupifupi 45 miliyoni. Man. Pali mwayi kwa Black ndi Azov Pacific. Waukulu madzi mtsempha wamagazi a dziko ndi mtsinje Dnepr.

ndalama Official - Chiyukireniya hryvnia.

Gawo 2. Malo panopa Ukraine ndi mayina akale m'madera

M'mbuyomu mbiri, mayiko a Ukraine amakono anali pagona magawano malo. Madera kulibe ndiye, ndipo zigawo Mayina yosiyana. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Bessarabia - dera, ndipo ambiri mwa ili mu Republic of Moldova. Kapangidwe ka masiku ano Ukraine analowa kumpoto (Khotyn m'dera) ndi kum'mwera (Izmailovo, Belgorod-Dniester m'dera).
• Bukovina - Chernivtsi dera.
• Volyn - m'dziko, wopangidwa mwa Volyn, Rivne ndi mbali Ternopil ndi Zhytomyr zigawo.
• Wotchedwa Galicia - gawo la Ternopil dera, Lviv ndi dera Ivano-Frankivsk.
• Zakarpattya (Transcarpathian Ukraine) - Transcarpathian dera.
• Masiketi (Ukr. Podillja) tichipeza Vinnytsia, Khmelnytsk gawo ndi Ternopil zigawo.
• Polesia (Ukraine Polissya.) - gawo la Zhytomyr dera, Kyiv ndi Chernihiv zigawo.
• Tavriya - m'mayiko woyambawo m'chigawo Taurian, wopangidwa mwa Crimea, panopa Kherson ndi Zaporizhia zigawo. Tavria pakati unali mzinda wa Simferopol.

Gawo 3: location Geographical

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, Ukraine m'dera ndithu kwambiri. Koyamba, n'zovuta kuganiza kuti kutalika kwa malire kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera - za 893 Km, ndi kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo - za 1320 Km.

The kwambiri kumpoto mfundo za dziko ili mu dera Chernigov m'mudzi wa Petrovka, kum'mwera - mu Crimea, pa Cape Sarich. chizindikiro Western kuli mudzi wa Solomon m'dera Transcarpathian, kum'mawa - Red Star Village mu dera Lugansk. Pakatikati Hrs wa dziko ili mu dera Cherkassy pafupi ndi tauni yaing'ono Vatutine. Pakali pano, mu malo awa pali choikapo wapadera mawu akuti "Ukraine. M'dera la dziko ndi zigawo. " Aliyense angathe kuwerenga pamaso ichi, kujambulidwa kapena kungoti kumasuka pa malo ano mmodzi wa malo omwera pafupi.

boma ali 5.6% mu Europe (Ukraine dera 603,7 sq Mamita.), ndipo ankaona lalikulu la mayiko onse Chilwa kwathunthu mu Europe (mwachitsanzo, France ali ndi mtengo wa makilomita lalikulu 547 zikwi). The utali wonse wa malire nyanja pafupifupi 1360 Km, kuphatikizapo mu Nyanja Black - 1057 Km, pa Azov - 250 Km, ndi Kerch Bay - 49 Km.

Gawo 4: Nature nyengo

Gwirizanani, Ukraine malo mamita lalikulu. Km ndithu, kotero si choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti kudera pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo ndi nthaka, chifukwa, anthu a zomera ndi.

dziko ili pa East European Plain m'madera a nkhalango coniferous ndi kusakaniza udzu, ndi nkhalango. Chifukwa nkhalango steppe yodziwika ndi nthaka wakuda, kumpoto (mu zone ya nkhalango wosanganiza) chogwidwa ndi nkhalango imvi ndi sod-podzolic dothi, kum'mwera (mu zigwa) wamba zofiirira ndi woderapo lapansi.

Today ku Ukraine pali nkhokwe ambiri chikhalidwe. Yotchuka kwambiri amaonedwa Danube ndi "Askania Nova."

mapangidwe nyengo zimakhudza anthu ambiri mpweya akubwera kuchokera kumpoto Atlantic. Pasanathe anakhudzidwa ndi misa mpweya kuchokera Ocean Arctic. Kusintha kwa nyengo m'dera amakhudza dongosolo mtsinje, nthaka ndi zomera, zosiyanasiyana zipangizo, etc.

Ukraine lili makamaka mu zoni ya zolimbitsa chokhala nyengo nokha ndi kum'mwera gombe la Crimea, amene amakhala ndi nyengo subtropical.

Malinga ndi akatswiri mu boma lenileni zinthu nyengo monga: malangizo ndi mphamvu ya otaya mpweya, mpweya mvula, kutentha.

Zima ozizira amtengo ndi m'chilimwe ndi ofunda ndi owuma.

Gawo 5. Madzi

Gawo (dera) kumwera kwa Ukraine kusamba ndi Black ndi Azov Pacific. Woyamba chikugwirizana ndi nyanja zambiri ndipo ali ndi kubwereketsa kwa nyanja. Nyengo yabwino ya Black Sea ndi Azov Sea gombe kuvumbitsira amodzi mwa malo abwino tchuthi tchuthi.

Mu Ukraine pali oposa 70 zikwi. Mitsinje ndi pafupifupi 20 chikwi. Madamu. Dnieper Mtsinje ndi yaikulu osati dziko komanso mu Europe wonse. Mu malo ake pambuyo pake za magetsi zinamangidwa, kuthetsa vuto la madzi m'madera ambiri.

Aakulu machitidwe mtsinje - ndi Dnieper, Dniester, Danube, etc. Ukraine, amene gawo m'dera ndi makilomita lalikulu 600 Ndipotu, mavuto ndi madzi onse kumwa ndi ulimi wothirira wa nthaka asaone.

Gawo 6. m'dera laling'ono la dziko

Chernivtsi dera ili kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Ukraine, wotchedwa Bukovina. Ndipo dzina anapatsidwa osati mwangozi, chifukwa m'mayiko amenewa akukula mitengo mumamera.

Malo okwana ndi 8.1 zikwi lalikulu Km, anthu - anthu 904 zikwi .. dera West ali wotanganidwa ndi otsetsereka Carpathian mkuuka mamita 1500. The Dniester Mtsinje ukugawa dera pawiri.

Likulu la Bukovina Chernivtsi - zomwe zili pa za Prut Mtsinje. Mzinda umenewu uli ngati malo ofunika chikhalidwe cha kumadzulo kwa dziko la Ukraine, anali ndi moyo kanjedza odziwika a zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana mitundu.

Kutchula koyamba za kuthetsa mzinda Cecina (tsopano Chernovtsy) amatanthauza cha m'ma XIV. Mzindawu unali pa mphambano ya njira zamalonda ndipo anali wotchuka chifukwa fairs ake. Pambuyo pa adani a Moldavia wa Ottoman linali gulu la dziko wachikhristu ndi Muslim wazolengedwa. M'zaka XVI-XVIII. mzinda kaŵirikaŵiri choonongeka. A maluwa atsopano a Bukovina anayamba pokhapokha kulowa mu 1775 wa Austria ndi Hungary. nyumba mapulani m'misewu mzindawu kukumbutsa a nthawi imeneyo.

Gawo 7. dera lalikulu kwambiri mu dziko

Dera yaikulu ya chigawo Odessa ili pa Black Sea m'zigwa, kumpoto ndi m'tsinde mwa Podolsk zomwe zili, ndi kum'mawa, ndi kum'mwera kum'mawa mbali mwa nyanja Black. Kumadzulo, kumalire dera ndi Republic of Moldova, kum'mwera chakumadzulo - ndi Romania, kumpoto - ndi Vinnitsa ndi Kirovograd m'madera ndi kum'mawa - ndi Nikolaev.

Nthano za m'dera zimene a Ukraine, sizikanatheka popanda kutchulidwa kwa malowa. Apa pali 200 mitsinje, ngakhale ambiri a iwo adzauma m'chilimwe. Large ntchito kwa navigation, ulimi chilengedwe cha zomera opangira magetsi (a Dniester, ndi Danube). M'dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja pali madzi ambiri ndi madzi amchere. Pakuti kumalo lalikulu monga: Kuyal'nitskogo, Dniester, etc.

Nyengo kotentha chokhala ndi yotentha ndi kotentha ndi chisanu pang'ono. dera South poyera kuti mphepo yamphamvu, mphepo zotentha ndi chilala.

Gawo 8. Donetsk - kwambiri ambiri dera

The zikuchokera Donetsk dera zikuphatikizapo madera 18. Malo a 25,6 sq. M. Km ndi pafupifupi 5 miliyoni. chiwerengero. Per 1 lalikulu. 173,4 Km ndinu munthu choposa osalimba a anthu Kiev ndi Odessa zigawo. -City wa pakati dera Donetsk. Ndi yaikulu mafakitale wagawo ku Ukraine, amene m'nyumba mabizinezi waukulu komanso m'migodi.

Komanso, dera ali zokopa zake. Mu chigawo Artem ndi odziwika mchere wanga, ndi malo Asilavo - ndi arboretum waukulu. Apa ndi ofunika Svyatogorsk obisika.