Mfundo Anthropic: kuchuluka kwa

Ichi ndi kovuta kumvetsa mfundo, anali anakonza makamaka ngati mkangano kufotokoza ena mwa ubale zovuta pakati chododometsa zikuchitika m'dzikoli, kuphatikizapo malongosoledwe a mfundo za kubadwa kwake ndi chitukuko. The kungoganizira koyamba kufotokoza ndi mfundo yakuti dziko Zikuoneka kuti ife ndi chimodzimodzi monga ife tikuziwona izo, chifukwa ife chikanachitika ndi alipo monga woyang'anira. Ku maganizo a sayansi mfundo Anthropic cholinga kufotokoza zimene chiŵerengero ayenera akukangana zofunika magawo thupi ndi mankhwala kuti tikhale zikamera wa moyo wanzeru.

Mawu akuti "Anthropic mfundo" anagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba mu 1973 ndi British sayansi B. Carter. Komabe, pambuyo kulifalitsa, akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti lingaliro lofanana ena kumasulira kwina anali anakonza kale. Makamaka, poyamba pa zonse, iye analengeza kuti mfundo Anthropic mu akatswiri mu 1955 ku Soviet Union pa msonkhano sayansi pa zakuthambo extragalactic. Mwa sayansi amene adaganiza mfundo imeneyi, anali Soviet asayansi G. M. Idlis, A. L. Zelmanov, American Robert Dicke.

Koma kuti ntchito za Carter anakhala nkhani chidwi komanso anayambitsa zambiri kumvetsa sayansi mfundo imeneyi ndi udindo wake mu cognition. Pa nthawi yomweyo, asayansi sanapeze mfundo wamba ndi maganizo n'zotheka kutsatira mfundo za sayansi yeniyeni. Only anapangitsa msonkhano ku Venice, kumene nthawi yoyamba Nkhani yaikulu mu 1988 zinali mfundo Anthropic, ndipo chidwi cha osiyanasiyana kwambiri zofuna - kuchokera sayansi kwa anzeru achipembedzo. Pambuyo pake, nkhaniyi zinkakambidwa pa misonkhano ambiri sayansi, ndi njira imodzi kapena wina, ngakhale pa misonkhano pa nkhani yopapatiza sayansi, nkhani ya zifukwa zake kuti amakhala mfundo Anthropic. ntchito lero akupempha osiyanasiyana kwambiri nkhani - kuchokera zamulungu kuti ekstrapolyarnoy ankaganizira.

B. Carter, m'nkhani yake yotchuka kuzindikiridwa mitundu iwiri ya chiwonetsero cha mfundo - amphamvu ndi ofooka. Ofooka Baibulo amaganiza kuti m'chilengedwe chonse pali zina zokhazikika kuti akhoza kuyan'ana munthu chifukwa chakuti ndi apo. Ndipo zosiyana: pali zosiyana ndi zimene bwino kuti ife, khalidwe zokhazikika chilengedwe, kumene iwo akuona (munthu), palibe yogwira. Mwachilengedwe ndi zoweta kuzindikira mfundo yakuti mu nzeru ochiritsira anafotokoza kuti: ". Chabwino, kodi sitikuona"

kumvetsa amphamvu mungachite kuwonekera kwa mfundo mokakamiza motere mapeto - chilengedwe cha zingakhale ali magawo kuti amakulolani kukhala nzeru.

Mfundo Anthropic mu mawonetseredwe amphamvu ndi bwino kukonza G .. Wheeler, kunenetsa kuti "akungokuonani ayenera kupeza chonse chamoyo."

Kusiyana Mabaibulo amphamvu ndi ofooka ndi kuti amphamvu wafala m'dzikoli pamisinkhu onse linakhalapo, ndi ofooka okhawo pamene malingaliro akhoza pakati hypothetically yekha.

Mawu akuti othandiza cha mfundo Anthropic ndi maganizo oti zenizeni ndi malamulo ake taona si okhawo, koma chifukwa pali Mwina kuli zenizeni ndi malamulo ena. Panthawiyo, mfundo Anthropic mu kutanthauzira uyu anatuluka pa kutsegula kwa si Euclidean Masamu, kumene malamulo osati chakale. Chiwonetsero cha Anthropic akhoza ankaganiza mu zochitika zomwe zatchulidwa ndi Einstein: Ndime ya nthawi amadalira liwiro la.

Asayansi amene afufuza mitundu kuli Wonenedwa nthawi ndi danga la universes ena, anabwera mfundo zotsatirazi:

- mu kusintha zonse zimene zimachitika m'chilengedwe chonse, magawo ake nawonso zonse kusintha, choncho pangakhale kuphatikiza magawo awa, imene zikamera wa moyo wanzeru mosalephera;

- yemweyo zingachitike chilengedwe limodzi, mu malo amenewo kumene katundu idzagwe chiŵerengero yabwino;

- sangathe kukana amanena kuti kuli mtundu wina wa "multiverse" wamusiya kuti tilibe kulitsatira.

Choncho, pofuna opangidwa ndi ntchito mfundo Anthropic kukuza m'munda wa sayansi, kuchibweretsa icho kutsidya lina la malamulo alipo zachilengedwe ndi njira mwachizolowezi mfundo zawo.