Mfundo zosangalatsa kwambiri za Bunin

Wolemba, mtolankhani, ndakatulo ndi wotsutsa Ivan Bunin tinganene kuti ngale mabuku Russian. Iye anali munthu kudzidalira, nthawi zonse anasankha njira yake. Ine sindinayambe nawo gulu lililonse zolembalemba, makamaka nawo chipani, kuganizira zosavomerezeka Kusakaniza luso ndi ndale.

M'nkhaniyi muli mfundo zosangalatsa za Bunin, ambiri mu mbiri yake. Pansipa owerenga kuti ayanjane ndi moyo ndi ntchito ya wolemba.

Ana ndi achinyamata

Wolemba tsogolo anabadwa 10/10/1870, ndi (akale kalembedwe) mu Voronezh, kumene makolo ake anasamukira ndi ana okulirapo. Zosangalatsa za Bunin ikukhudzana makamaka magwero ake chifukwa a m'banja wakale mfulu, amene mizu kubwerera yozama Ages Middle.

Komabe, pofika cha m'ma 19, wotchuka ndi kulemekezedwa akale lolemera banja kwa dongosolo anakhala wosauka, kotero Ivan ubwana zinachitika pa famu yaing'ono, kumene kuika chimodzi mwa zigawo banja mafuko. Maphunziro a anyamata chinkhoswe mu mphunzitsi kunyumba - wophunzira wa University Moscow. Naye Vanya anali pa ubwenzi wabwino ndi Bunin moyo ndi mwansangala wa wakeyo choyamba, kumuyamikila osati kwa amphamvu kudziwa m'munsi, komanso pa ubwenzi.

Kukumbukira mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo Bunin, sangathe kukumbukira kuti luso mnyamata Eletskii kunja sukulu ya sekondale. Mu nkhani zina (ankakonda) amadziwikanso mofulumira zapita zonse maphunziro. Kusukulu iye amathandizadi m'bale mkulu Julius.

Mfundo yoyamba

Kusonkhanitsa nyenyeswa za zosangalatsa za Bunin, bibliographies anapeza kuti kulemba izo zinayambira m'banda - mwamsanga zaka 6. Nditakwanitsa zaka seveni, iye analemba ndakatulo yake yoyamba. The zolemba imene inali kuchitidwa wolemba, iye anavomera kuti amadziyerekezera ndi Lermontov ndi Pushkin.

The kutsogolera kwa kudzutsidwa talente Ivan akuitana kulimbikitsa mphunzitsi wake woyamba, amene anayambitsa iye ndi mndandanda wa "andakatulo English" ndi buku la "The Odyssey." A kuganiza kwambiri pa mwana wamphatso anali wowerengeka songs, nthano, nthano m'deralo wa hamlet lapansi. Onse ameneyu mapangidwe umunthu kulenga.

Kuwonjezera talente mabuku a Ivan pang'ono ndinali mnyamata wina anali luso kwambiri. Iye mokweza ndi mawu ikamawerengedwa ndakatulo, kuonjezerapo lake. Monga munthu wamkulu, iyenso ndiye wabwino Werengani prose, woyandikana munthu ngakhale omvera dullest.

Pachiyambi

Bunin Ivan Alekseevich, chidwi mfundo zimene zalembedwa mu nkhani ina ya m'magazini kwa nthawi yoyamba mu zaka 16. Pa wamng'ono, iye anapereka kwa owerenga ntchito okhwima ndi iyi: ndakatulo "Rural opemphetsa," "manda S. Ya Nadsona," nkhani "Nefedka", "Awiri woyendayenda".. Ndi ntchito zinayamba yaitali zipatso njira kukhala wopambana mu mabuku.

Mu 1889, wolemba wamng'ono zinapatsira ndi malingaliro kunachitika-zokomela anagwirizana gululi populists. Koma posachedwapa Iye anakhumudwa mu zochita za anzeru kwakukulu, zokwawa kutali kwa izo. Ivan anasamukira ku mzinda wa Mphungu. Apa iye akuyamba kufalitsa mu "Orlovsky boma yotchedwa Gazette".

deta yake yoyamba ya ndakatulo lofalitsidwa mu 1891. Iye zinalandira mokondwera ndi otsutsa ndi anthu kuwerenga.

ntchito kuberekana

Chidwi mfundo ndi moyo Bunin zokhudza ulendo wake mu 1895, St. Petersburg ndi Moscow. Apa iye anakomana ndi osankhika kulenga - Bryusov, Grigorovich, Kuprin, Chekhov, Sologub ndi Balmont. Iwo jekeseni mu milieu lalikulu zolembalemba, imene wolemba ndakatulo novelist mosavuta ndi mwachibadwa ophatikizidwa.

Bunin anatsogolera makalata ndi Antonom Pavlovichem Chehovym, amene anamutcha "wolemba kwambiri." fano lake anali Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. Ivan A. anapempha omvera ake ndipo adakhala wokondwa kukumana panokha ndi akuru Russian mbuye mawu.

Zosangalatsa za Ivan Bunin mu 1896, wodzilemekeza ndi zotsatira za ntchito yake monga womasulira. Pa nthawi imeneyi dziko anaona kumasulira luso ntchito "Nyimbo ya Hiawatha" zimene Bunin anali kupereka ya Pushkin Prize la mlingo woyamba. Pofuna kugwira ntchito imeneyi, John anaphunzitsa mwini English.

Mu 1897 anafalitsa buku loyamba la wolemba - "Kumapeto kwa dziko" mu chaka cha 1898 - ". Mu thambo lotseguka" magulu ndakatulo, ntchito izi wapamwambatu ovoteledwa ndi otsutsa ndi anthu.

Mu 1900 izo anafalitsa nkhani "Antonovsky maapulo". Iye analandiridwa ambiguously. Mwachitsanzo, limakhulupirira Gorky, kuti chisomo wolemba mabuku, zikuchepa adawudzudzula m'banja zabwino. Bunin zambiri kudzudzulidwa "m'banja lachifumu" kuti sasamala. M'nthawi - ndi mafani ndi otsutsa - anavomera m'malingaliro kuti Ivan anali zachilendo kudzikuza. Iye anali munthu wophweka mtima.

wapaulendo

Kupitiriza azipereka zosangalatsa za Bunin, munthu Musaiwale kuti wolemba kutifotokozera amakonda kuyenda. Iye kwambiri kuyendera malo atsopano, kukumana ndi anthu atsopano, moyo wawo ndi miyambo.

Ivan anapita m'mayiko ambiri European: Germany, Italy, Switzerland, France. Ena anapita ku Caucasus, kuti anamuuza kuti adzizungulira "Birds mthunzi" ndi nkhani "madzi ambiri."

Anakonda wolemba mu Africa ndi Asia, iye ankayenda maulendo ataliatali.

kuzindikira lonse

Anthu ambiri amadabwa lapadera yonena Bunin, zosangalatsa za iye. Osanenapo chakuti Bunin - woyamba Russian wolemba amene anapambana Nobel Prize. Izi mphoto mkulu analandira mu November 1933. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo iye kuzindikira dziko lonse yafika. ntchito zake zinatuluka mu Europe. wolemba kutchuka anafika pachimake.

moyo

Lapadera yonena Bunin. Chidwi mfundo kugwirizana osati ndi njira kulenga, komanso ndi moyo wa wolemba. Anakwatira katatu.

ukwati wake woyamba ndi mtsikana Varvara Pascenco zinalephereka. achinyamata kupeza chinenero ndipo m'kupita linatha. Pakuti Bunin anakhumudwa kwambiri zimene Varvara yomweyo popped pambuyo pa chilekano kukwatira bwenzi lake lapamtima.

The mkazi wachiwiri wa wolemba analemera ndi wokongola Greek Anna Tsakni. Mu banja, mwana, Nicholas, yemwe anali kutikonda kwambiri Bunin. Mwanayo anamwalira pa zaka 5 fever. Mkazi wa wolemba lamanzere. More ana Ivan sanali.

Chachitatu mkazi ndi chikondi chenicheni ndi Vera Muromtseva. Iye sanali kokha mkazi Bunin, koma bwenzi lake, mnzake. Ndi izo, iye apeza mtendere ndi chimwemwe. Atamwalira wolembayo mu 1953, iye analemba memoir "Moyo Bunin," anayang'ana mu yachokera wake, kukonza zolembedwa kuti ilembedwe.