Mgonero monga mbali ya kulankhula

Mgonero monga mbali ya kulankhula ndi mtundu wa mneni, amene si conjugated, ndi kuthandauza za chinthu komanso adjective ndi. Otchulidwa chizindikiro amapezeka nthawi kanthu, kapena opangidwa ndi chinthu yokha, kapena kuchita gawo la iye (kuitana - kuyitana).

Mgonero monga mbali ya mawu Chili katundu wa onse adjective ndi mneni. Zizindikiro otsiriza motere:

1. pamaso pa magulu a nthawi (zakale ndiponso masiku ano).

2. Kukhalapo kwa mitundu ya waufupi ndi zisadzachitikenso.

3. Kupezeka kwa gulu mtundu (wangwiro, wopanda ungwiro).

4. transitive ndi intransitive.

5. Magulu a ina. thupi lake (lenileni chabe) ndi zowonetseredwa ndi suffixes.

6. Ngakhale ndi adverb lapansi.

katundu mneni muli participle ndi gerund, koma chomalizachi alibe monga adjective ndi. Izi kusiyana kwambiri. mawonekedwe mneni komanso Russian, ndi sacramenti mu Chingerezi. Ndipo kumeneko komanso amachita malembedwe tanthauzo la kugwira ntchito, osachepera - zochitika.

Mgonero monga mbali ya mawu unconjugated alibe gulu la munthu ndi maganizo.

zinthu zotsatirazi amaphatikizidwa ndi participle adjective:

1. pamaso pa gulu mlanduwo.

2. Kukhalapo kwa gulu la amuna ndi akazi.

3. Kupezeka kwa gulu.

4. mayikidwe ndi mawu anatsimikiza mtima kwa magulu onse tatchulazi.

5. Mapeto pa participles ndi kuchepa mphamvu ndi mofanana adjectives lapansi.

6. Kuchita chiganizo yofanana, adjective syntactic ntchito (wokhala mkhalidwe kapena mtima).

Mgonero monga mbali ya mawu lagawidwa mitundu angapo. Gawo ili anatsimikiza ndi chibadidwe kalembedwe tanthauzo la mneni. Izi kobwereza mgonero ndi chomveka; mgonero zinachitika kale ndiponso zimene zikuchitika panopa; Zachiyanjano kuti ntchito mu mawonekedwe a mitundu iwiri: wangwiro kapena ungwiro. Mu mawu ena - gulu mtundu, nthawi, ndi ina.

mitundu ya ina

Yolondola sacramenti amapereka lakuti mbali ya chinthu chimene mwina akukumana khalidwe linalake kapena yokha umabala kuchitapo kanthu. Mwachitsanzo: Sitima ikafika, ndi wothamanga kupumula.

Chabe participle kupereka chizindikiritso zizindikiro za nkhaniyi, amene kale popanga kapena kupanga kanthu pano. Mwachitsanzo: nkhaniyi akuphunziridwa, anamanga nyumba.

Bwererani mgonero, akatswiri a zinenero zambiri kuganizira payokha, ndipo monga mu gulu la weniweniwo. Pamene kwenikweni ali kwambiri phindu ina womwe kwa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau reflexive.

mawonekedwe nthawi

gawo ili la mawu gulu la magawo nthawi participle zakumbuyo ndi zam'tsogolo. Tsogolo mitundu yomangika iwo kulibe. Syntactic udindo participles bwanji kufunika kwa nthawi mu gawo ili la mawu. Komanso amati amphumphu achidule unsembe. Iwo chimakhudza ntchito syntactic anachita ndi participles. Motero, kudziwa udindo, nthawizina - mkhalidwe zonse mgonero kuchita, ndiye kuti pali anthu amene angayesedwe. Ndipo monga mkhalidwe - kokha mitundu indeclinable yochepa.

Full nthawi participles, udindo, akhoza kukhala wachibale. Amaonekera ndi nthawi mkhalidwe mneni.

Panopa participles yomangika kusonyeza sitepe limodzi zochita amene anatchulidwa iwo ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau.

Mapangidwe gawo ili la kulankhula, zimadalira mtundu ndi gulu la kasewenzetsedwe ka mau transitive. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe enieni a lino kasewenzetsedwe ka mau participle anapangidwa kuchokera nthawi ino amene ali mwa munthu 3 zochuluka. Izi zimachitika ndi thandizo la suffixes monga -usch- kapena -yusch- ndi -asch- kapena -yasch-. Mwachitsanzo: mofulumira, akulira, kuimba alonda.

Leni participle fomu kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kale anapanga ku mawonekedwe womwewo powonjezera suffixes -sh- ndi -vsh-. Mwachitsanzo: Chifukwa, analemba, onyamula.