Mitundu kunyumba Traditional a dziko (zithunzi)

anthu azikhalamo ikuchoka choyera cha chilengedwe. Poyamba, mawonekedwe a nyumba pali kumverera organic. Iwo ali kufunikira mkati monga chisa mbalame, njuchi kapena clamshell. Lililonse mbali ya mitundu ya kukhalapo ndi zochita banja ndi moyo wa m'banja, pambali malamulo kuswana - izi zonse zimaonekera mu chipinda chachikulu ndi ndege kunyumba - mu chipinda chapamwamba, holo, ndi atrium, ndi megaron, kemenate, pabwalo, Hynek.

Mukhoza kusankha 16 Hrs, mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe zigawo: kum'mawa kwa Ulaya, Western, Central European, Central Asia-Kazakhstan, Caucasus, Central Asia, ku Siberia, South-East Asia, East Asia, South-West Asia, South Asia, African otentha, North Africa, Latin American, North America, Oceanic, Australia . Komanso, aliyense wa iwo yodziwika ndi mitundu yake ya nyumba. M'nkhaniyi tiona kunyumba mtundu wa dziko.

m'chigawo European East

Pamafunikanso madera awa: kumpoto ndi pakati, Volga-Kama, ndi Baltic, kum'mwera kumadzulo. Dziwani kuti kumpoto kwa banja ndi moyo kumpanda zinamangidwa pansi pa denga wamba. Kum'mwera kwa mudzi nthawi zambiri lalikulu, ndi outbuildings anali ili payokha. Mu malo amenewo kumene kunali mtengo zokwanira, matabwa ndi miyala makoma daubed ndi dongo ndipo kenako laimu. Mu nyumba ngati uvuni wakhala pakati a m'midzi.

West-chapakati Province European

Kugawidwa mu zigawo: Atlantic :, Masewerera a Nordic, Mediterranean ndi pakati European. Poganizira mitundu kunyumba za mdziko, tikhoza kunena kuti mu chigawo ichi, anthu akumidzi ndi masanjidwe osiyana (zozungulira, cumulus, anamwazikana, ndiponso anthu wamba) ndi zigwirizana nyumba anayi. Theka-timbered nyumba (mafupa nyumba) amachuluka mu Europe chapakati, kumanga chipika - kumpoto, njerwa ndi mwala - kumwera. M'madera ena, kugula ndi malo ogona ndi pansi pa denga wamba, ndipo kachiwiri - anamangidwira payokha.

m'chigawo chapakati ku Asia-Kazakhstan

chigawo ichi ali zigwa la kum'mawa kwa Nyanja ya Caspian, ranges mapiri ataliatali ndi zipululu wa Pamirs ndi Tien Shan. Akufufuta chigawo: Turkmenistan (South-West), Tajikistan ndi Uzbekistan (kum'mwera chakum'mawa), Kyrgyzstan ndi Kazakhstan (kumpoto). Chotero miyambo okhalamo anthu a dziko pano - ndi amakona anayi zidina nyumba ndi lathyathyathya kum'mwera, mu mapiri - chimango nyumba, mu theka-wongosamukasamuka ndi wongosamukasamuka - wozungulira yurt ndi mwake kuphimba ndi louvered pachimake. Kumpoto kwa nyumba atengera ochokera Russia.

m'chigawo Caucasus

m'chigawo ili pakati pa Caspian ndipo Black nyanja kum'mwera kwa East European Plain. Limafotokoza zosiyanasiyana mitunda ya Caucasus m'mapiri, madambo ndi m'tsinde phiri, lagawidwa m'madera 2: Caucasus ndi North Caucasus. Chotero kukhala anthu a dziko, zithunzi ndi zithunzi Tingaone m'nkhani ino, ndi yosiyanasiyana - kuchokera m'malinga mwala ndi nsanja-nyumba turluchnyh (Pletnev) theka dugouts ndi nyumba; Azerbaijan - limodzi nkhani zidina kunyumba ndi kwathunthu lathyathyathya, pakhomo ndi mazenera kuti bwalolo, la kum'mawa la Georgia - ndi nyumba 2-storey ndi mtengo ndi mwala ndi makonde, matabwa kapena lathyathyathya.

m'chigawo Siberia

Iwo lili kumpoto kwa Asia ndi akuchita danga la m'dera limeneli, steppes youma ndi Titafika pamalo ku Pacific Ocean kuti Urals lapansi. M'midzi wolamuliridwa ndi nyumba amakona anayi chimango ndi denga matabwa, kumpoto - kwake, nkhumba, yaranga - mu kumpoto chakumadzulo Mipikisano ngodya yurt - ndi pastoralists kum'mwera.

m'chigawo chapakati

m'chigawo nga chipululu, ili mu zone kotentha (Taklamakan, Gobi). Tikumbukenso kuti mitundu kunyumba za mdziko ndi yosiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi imeneyi, iwo amakhala ndi Nyumba Zoyenda Nazo wozungulira (mu Turkey ndi Mongolia), komanso mahema mapeyala wa Tibetans. The Uighurs, Tibetans mbali ndi itszu kufunga kunyumba ya mwala wosemedwa kapena njerwa makoma.

m'chigawo Asian East

Dera limeneli ali ndi chilumba cha Korea, China Plain, ndi zilumba Japanese. Nyumba pano ndi mtengo chimango-kudzaza zadothi, ndi tsindwi lathyathyathya kapena ploskodvuskatnoy kuposa sangathe kudzitama wa nyumba zina mwambo wa dziko. Kum'mwera a m'chigawo chonse chimakhala chogwidwa ndi kapangidwe ka mulu kumpoto - mkangano mphasa.

Province South-East Asia

Izi chilumba cha Philippines, ndipo Indonesia, komanso chilumba cha Indochina. Pamafunikanso madera awa: East Indochina, East Indonesia, Western Indochina, Western Indonesia, Chifilipino. The m'mahema a mafuko osiyana awa akuimira mulu mokhala ndi kudenga mkulu ndi makoma kuwala.

m'chigawo Asian South

Pamafunikanso mapiri a Deccan, m'chigwa cha Ganges ndi Indus, kumpoto - Himalaya, kumadzulo - louma m'madera ndi mapiri otsika kum'mawa - Birman-Chiasamizi mapiri kum'mwera - chilumba cha Sri Lanka. Mitundu yonse ya mitundu kunyumba ya dziko, zithunzi zimene Tingaone m'nkhani ino lero chidwi kwambiri mbiri yakale. Pali dongosolo makamaka msewu kuthetsa; Nthawi zambiri zotheka kukakomana ndi njerwa kapena dothi 2- ndi nyumba 3-chipinda, mkulu kapena lathyathyathya. Komanso, pali anamanga-mtengo chimango. Mu apansi angapo kuchokera mwala - kumapiri, ndi wongosamukasamuka - chidwi mapeyala mahema.

The m'mahema a anthu osiyanasiyana: Province African North

Zimatengera gombe Mediterranean, subtropical louma zone ya Sahara, mu Komanso, oases wa Maghreb ku Iguputo. Pali madera awa: Maghreb, Egypt, Sudan. Tinakhazikika alimi Pamudzi ndi lalikulu kwambiri nyumba mwachisawawa. Pa malo awo ndi mzikiti, pamsika. Nyumba ya apakati kapena amakona anayi matope njerwa, miyala, zidina, ndi khonde ndi lathyathyathya. Oyendayenda tikukhala mu mahema wakuda mapeyala. Kudulidwa okhala akhala pa amachepetsa mwamuna ndi mkazi.

Zokhalamo anthu a dziko: South-West Asian Province

chigawo ichi aphimbidwa ndi mapiri ndi oases kwa mapiri louma ndi zipululu m'zigwa mtsinje. Wogawanika pa Iran-Afghanistan, Asia Minor, Arabia, Mesopotamiya, ku Suriya m'dera chikhalidwe. Midzi makamaka lalikulu, chapakati msika lalikulu, amakona anayi kunyumba zidina, mwala kapena dongo ndi bwalo ndi denga. Mkati chikuphatikizapo anamva mphasa, makalapeti, mphasa.

Chigawo North America

Mbaliyi nayonso ndi Arctic Titafika pamalo, Alaska, minda ndi nkhalango zoni kotentha ndi subtropical pa gombe la nyanja ya Atlantic. Pali zigawo izi: Canada, kozizira, ndi North America. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pamaso kulamulira European moyo Indian ndi Eskimo yekha (ndi kumpoto) mitundu. Waukulu mitundu ya nyumba amasiyana pang'ono Chrixitu, malingana m'madera anthu amoyo. Anthu miyambo moyo ofanana m'mbali ambiri ku Ulaya.

m'chigawo otentha African

Pamafunikanso kum'mwera kwa Sahara dera ndi wouma ndi lonyowa m'tchire, nkhalango zotentha. Mfundo m'madera: zapadnotsentralnaya, West African, East Africa, otentha, chilumba Madagascar, South Africa. Midzi anamwazikana kapena yaying'ono kumaphatikizapo yaing'ono chimango-mzati nyumba ndi dongosolo zozungulira kapena anayi. Amacheza ndi zosiyanasiyana outbuildings. Nthawi zina makomawo chokongoletsedwa ndi dongosolo penti kapena embossed.

m'chigawo Latin

Iwo ali lonse la Central ndi South America. m'madera anatsindika monga: Mesoamerican, Caribbean, Amazon, Andean, ognezemelskaya, pampasskaya. Pakuti m'deralo yodziwika amakona anayi, umodzi chipinda nyumba ya nzimbe, yamitengo ndi zidina, ndi 2- kapena 4 okwera denga.

m'chigawo Oceanic

Iwo wapangidwa ndi zigawo 3: Polynesia (ku Polynesia ndi Chimaori), Micronesia ndi Melanesia (Melanesians ndi Papuans). Nyumba New Guinea - kuchulukirachulukira, nthaka, amakona anayi, ndipo Oceania, iwo amalemba ndi mzati ndi denga matabwa m'manja mkulu masamba.

m'chigawo cha ku Australia

Iwo ali pa chilumba cha Tasmania ndi Australia. Kuganizira Aaborijini malo - izo limatifotokozera, zopinga mphepo, kanyumba.