Mitundu ya mabulosi a Blackberry. Mitundu ya Blackberry popanda minga. Mafotokozedwe a mtundu wa blackberry

Posachedwapa, wotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa kusangalala munda zakuda, wachibale wake wapafupi wa raspberries odziwika bwino. Asayansi a m'mayiko ambiri m'zaka 19 mochedwa anayamba mutengeko zomera zosangalatsa, kupanga mitundu hybrid zosiyana kwambiri ndi zinthu zochuluka zipatso zam'thengo, ndi kukula. Mu Russia mitundu zoyambirira ayipanga I. V. Michurinym.

General kufotokoza zakuda

zomera wa banja Rosaceae. Mu mawonekedwe zakutchire opezeka mu tchire zakuda m'madera lotseguka nkhalango, pafupi matupi madzi. Izi ndi chitsamba chilichonse osatha kuti ali bwino anayamba mizu anayamba mizu lateral. Koma mphukira mlengalenga, monga raspberries, zaka ziwiri, ali kusinthidwa. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo kuchokera masamba matalala rhizomes kukula zimayambira mpaka mamita atatu mu msinkhu. Iwo anapanga maluwa, maziko fruiting m'tsogolo. mitundu zakuda amasiyana mphukira pachaka, maonekedwe awo. mitundu osiyanasiyana wobiriwira bulauni. Iwo anabwera ndi spikes, ndipo popanda iwo, kapena popanda pubescence. Chaka chotsatira, nthambi sadzatha mu kukula, ndi masamba zipatso, inali pansi pa pepala la, anapanga mphukira ndi masamba, anasonkhana burashi lapansi. Pambuyo yokolola umatheka ndi youma, ndi watsopano zomera achinyamata kukhala malo awo.

maluwa BlackBerry m'chilimwe oyambirira ndi masamba woyera kapena pinkish kum'chitira, yomwe ili pamwamba pa mphukira mu manja.

Zipatso zipatso zovuta, wopangidwa mwa kuchuluka drupes yowutsa mudyo oyenerera pafupi wina ndi mnzake pa cholandirira tapered. Iwo zipse m'katikati mwa chilimwe. Monga raspberries, mabulosi akuda ali zosiyanasiyana mitundu. Photos kusonyeza kusiyana kwawo zipatso.

drupes chipangizo ndi chibakuwa, zakuda kapena mtundu wofiira, pubescence nthawi zina villi abwino, ili mbali yaing'ono. Mawonekedwe a zipatso ndi oblong kapena ozungulira. Modern lalikulu-fruited zakuda mitundu zipatso masekeli mpaka 25 ga, pamene Chikhalidwe cha zomera ndi za 4-6 ga

mitundu ya mabulosi akuda

Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka zitsamba, zomera anawagawa mitundu:

1. Kumarnika - mabulosi akuda, amene zimayambira kukula molunjika mmwamba.

2. Rosyanika - mtundu wa zokwawa, ndi zokwawa pamodzi mphukira pansi.

3. Zidziwitso view, amene chibadidwe makhalidwe a koyamba awiri.

Kufotokozera zakuda mitundu yoperekedwa kwa mtundu woyamba, amasonyeza wamtali woongoka chizolowezi akuwombera, kufika 4 m. Mbali imeneyi tiyenera kuziganizira posankha malo chodzala zitsamba zimenezi chifukwa backups nthambi osati atapachikidwa ndipo musakhudze pansi. Inu mukhoza kuika mu mizere imodzi kapena ziwiri pafupi mpanda, ntchito waya trellis. Mtunda m'tchire wina ndi mzake - zosaposa mita. Mangani malekezero a zimayambira ayenera pamwamba pa trellis, ndi achinyamata zokhudzana lalifupi Ufumuyo waya pansi. mitundu zimafalitsidwa ngati muzu zigawo.

Kumarnika amakonda nthaka lonyowa Popeza madzi ndi ofunika pa chitukuko wabwinobwino wa umatheka ndi zipatso. Kupanda chinyezi amatsogolera ndi kuwonongeka mu khalidwe la zipatso, ndi hypoplasia awo kapena iwo ananamizira.

Ambiri wamtali mitundu ya mabulosi akuda ndi yozizira hardiness kuti zimawathandiza kukula mu Mzere apakatikati. Mosiyana ndi mitundu zokwawa kumarnika bwino kulekerera yozizira koopsa. Kuti apange mbewu ili pamwamba mphukira pachaka kwa makumi angapo a masentimita. Zaka ziwiri kudula nthambi, komanso lotayirira, wosweka, zanthete, masamba iwo mu chitsamba 8. Kenako, zimayambira popachika pansi, wotetezedwa wokutidwa ndi masamba.

Pakuti mtundu wachiwiri (rosyaniki) safuna backups, kuyambira zokwawa zimayambira anayikidwa pansi. Iwo wachulukitsa chifukwa rooting wa masamba apical. Pamene formirovke chitsamba chilichonse zanthete ndi wopindidwa pansi ndipo ananamizira mothandizidwa ndi ngowe pansi, kenako kubereka nsonga awo mbewu. Posachedwapa pa zimayambira anapanga nthambi kuberekana ndi masamba.

Poyerekeza ndi mitundu chilili, akhala zokwawa zakuda zikuluzikulu mbewu, koma pa nyengo yozizira hardiness ndi kwambiri otsika. Rosyaniku kwenikweni ayenera kutsekedwa ndi chisanu. Ngati kuphwanya matekinoloje, kapena pamene ming'oma si kuchotseredwa kuphimbira pa nthawi chifukwa mphukira osakwanira mpweya wabwino mwina amaundana olimba kapena kukhala amayaka. Pa kutentha mwadzidzidzi mu masiku otsiriza yozizira nthawi zonse tiyenera ventilate ndi pogona.

Fomu kusintha (polustelyaschiysya) yophatikiza mbali ya awiri amene m'mbuyomu, ndipo kotero kubereka onse layering mizu ndi rooting masamba apical. Ndi bwino kuti pogona kwa kuzizira.

Ndi kukhalapo kwa outgrowths pa mphukira kusiyanitsa mitundu ya mabulosi akuda popanda minga ndi zomera prickly. Mwa kuchuluka kwa zokolola pa nyengo zimatulutsa remontant ndi ochiritsira cultivars.

BlackBerry munda: mitundu

hybrids Modern nakulitsa mabulosi akuda kuposa achibale awo zakutchire zokolola mbewu, kukulitsa zipatso, wamkulu hardiness. Komabe, mosiyana ndi zakuda udzu, mitundu munda sangakhoze kulekerera chinyezi owonjezera m'nthaka, chifukwa cha zomwe likhoza kuvunda mizu. Chosowa kuunika kungasokoneze mapangidwe chitsamba, kukoma kwa chipatso.

Russian chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa mitundu wamaluwa munda wa mabulosi akuda zambiri, Tornless yobiriwira Tornfri, Smutstem, Black bafuta, Orkan, Black Daimondi, Arash, Helen, Lucrezia, jumbo, Agawam, Darrow, Texas.

Besshipnaya zakuda

Pakali pano, ankagwiritsa ntchito ololera mitundu, amene ali ndi makhalidwe ambiri abwino. Izi kukoma kwambiri zipatso, ndi zipatso zazikulu, ndi pakalibe spines pa mphukira. Zosiyanasiyana mabulosi akuda popanda minga zachotsedwa kwa obereketsa nthawi yaitali, monga Mbali imeneyi zimathandiza kuti zosonkhanitsira abwino zipatso ndi kupulumutsa nthawi. Yabwino ndi Tornfri, Loch mwe, Ruben, Navajo, Chester, Helen, Natchez, Arash, Chief Joseph, Asterina, jumbo.

Mu Russia, woyamba mankhwala amenewa anali mitundu zakuda besshipnaya Tornfri. obereketsa wake ali mu 60s Mu zaka zapitazo.

BlackBerry mitundu munda popanda spines Loch mwe ndi chomera, wobala zipatso ku chilimwe ndi pamaso chisanu choyamba. Izi yozizira Hardy cultivar anali zimaŵetedwa ku Sweden. Zipatso za kukula sing'anga, kulemera za 5 ga, ndi glossy wakuda ❖ kuyanika ndi kukoma kwambiri, zabwino kupirira mayendedwe ndi kusunga.

hardiness winanso wochititsa chidwi ndi zakuda munda wopanda minga Navajo mitundu. Ndi wina mochedwa mkulu ololera wosakanizidwa imene zipatso umalandira 5 ga, ndi maonekedwe kwambiri, wakuda ndi glossy ❖ kuyanika, ndi kukoma osangalatsa ndi oyenera yosungirako yaitali.

Ngati ife tikufanizira zokolola za besshipnyh mitundu ya mabulosi akuda ndi raspberries, ntchito adzakhala mbali ya BlackBerry. Onse zomera anayamba kubala zipatso mu chaka chachiwiri apulumuke moyo. Annuals zakuda zimayambira kufupikitsa kuonjezera nthambi, potero kuwonjezeka zokolola za m'tchire, ndi mphukira zaka ziwiri chaka kunachotsedwa.

Mkulu mitengo ya malipiro anafotokoza pambuyo maluwa, pamene masamba si kuonongeka ndi May frosts. The mitundu bwino za mabulosi akuda zipatso zokhudza mwezi, yomwe kumawonjezera zokolola zake.

Pa mizu ya mabulosi akuda kwambiri malo okwanira kuti amalola kulandira chinyezi kuchokera zigawo zakuya nthaka akhoza kupirira nthawi youma. Chimakula mu nthaka iliyonse, koma wakonda mosavuta permeable kwa mpweya ndi madzi nthaka ndi acidity ofooka. Owonjezera chinyezi chimawononga zotsatira pa kukula kwa zomera.

Mabulosi akuda ali olemera mu mchere: chitsulo, sulfure, phosphorous, calcium.

mitundu remontant

A zosiyanasiyana mabulosi akuda ndi zomera kuti kubala chipatso kale mu chaka choyamba cha kubzala, pa nthawi imene mitundu ina kale unachoka fruiting. Izi remontant mitundu. zomera safuna kuphimba mu kugwa kusunga mng'oma mpaka nyengo yotsatira, chifukwa zipatso amapereka mphukira pachaka.

Pakati wamaluwa ankaona mkulu-ololera bwino mungu mitundu ya mabulosi akuda remontant Ruben. Zipatso kuoneka ake pa chaka choyamba cha umatheka ndi. Kukhala ndi wandiweyani, mphukira yolimba kukula kwa mamita 2, zakuda izi sikutanthauza athandizi, koma chifukwa dongosolo bwino anayamba mizu akhoza kukula mu nthaka iliyonse. Kalasi Ruben kugonjetsedwa kwambiri zinthu zoipa, monga kupanda chinyontho m'nthaka, chilimwe kutentha kapena shading.

Waukulu woyamba zipatso masekeli mpaka 14 ga anayamba zipse mu chilimwe, kenako miyezi iwiri akhoza kukolola mbewu zabwino za yowutsa mudyo, zipatso onunkhira, pamaso chisanu choyamba.

nthambi Fruiting alibe minga, zimveke kukolola, koma pali zophuka ang'onoang'ono zimayambira okha.

Pamene zipatso mphukira onse kukolola tadulidwa pa msinkhu pansi. Chotero kudulira chitsamba amateteza ku m'nthawi yozizira ndi woterewu matenda. Zipatso za chaka chamawa sipadzakhala zatsalira mankhwala zoipa zimene nthawi zambiri agwira burashi kuteteza matenda.

zakuda Tornfri

Tornfri - zakuda cultivar, ayipanga American Maryland obereketsa mu 60s Mu zaka zapitazo. hybrid Ichi ndi otchuka pakati wamaluwa ndi zomwe zagwiridwa pa munda mafakitale lonse.

Kalasi Tornfri amatanthauza mitundu ikuluikulu-fruited rosyaniki patapita tsiku fruiting. Izo zokwawa mphukira popanda minga, kufika kutalika mamita 5. Nsonga ya zimayambira tadulidwa kwa nthambi bwino kuti amalola kulandira nthambi, yokutidwa ndi zipatso zazikulu wakuda, kuyambira m'ma chilimwe, kwa masiku 30. Masamba a zomera ndi zovuta, mdima wobiriwira mu mtundu lopangidwa asanu masamba tsamba.

Chotero zakuda makhalidwe chibadidwe kuti kulola kubala kukaniza matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito malamulo zoyambirira za luso ulimi rosyaniki, ndiye zosiyanasiyana ici ulikubala pang'ono atachuluka ndi osangalala wamaluwa maluwa zambiri m'chilimwe oyambirira.

Pakuti mafani ambiri a BlackBerry Tornfri drawback ndi yonena za kuchuluka kwa kukoma ndi acidity mu kucha zipatso onunkhira kuti amakhala inelastic ndi zovuta sitolo. Popewa izi, chipatso kugwetsera pasadakhale, ndiye iwo si zokoma, koma fungo pafupifupi kulibeko. BlackBerry kalasi Tornfri ali elongated zipatso ndi kulemera ndi magalamu 6, iwo amasonkhana mu tchire, amene kungakhale zipatso 40.

Pansi zomera ngati ntchito nsonga mizu. Tchire m'nyengo yozizira popanda pogona akhoza amaundana, kotero mphukira anayikidwa pansi kenako yokutidwa ndi nthaka kapena kuphimbira masamba.

BlackBerry Black bafuta

BlackBerry cultivar Black bafuta komanso unayambitsidwa ndi obereketsa American la Maryland, koma mu 70s Mu zaka zapitazo ndi kudutsa hybrids atatu osiyana, mmodzi amene - Tornfri. Kotero iye alibe makhalidwe ena makolo.

mitundu BlackBerry (chithunzi anapereka m'nkhani) Black bafuta amatanthauza mtundu mungafike, wamphamvu besshipnye mphukira woyamba amakula 1 mita, ndiyeno anabwera pansi ndi ingayambe pamodzi pansi. Young umatheka ndi wobiriwira poyamba, koma achikulire kukhala chikasu kapena zofiirira mtundu, kukula kwa kutalika mamita 4.5. The chinthu chimodzimodzi ndi mphamvu za mphukira amenewa kupewa kupinda ndi mapangidwe chitsamba.

zipatso kucha kuoneka mofulumira kuposa mitundu Tornfri zokhudzana ndi kumayambiriro August mukhoza kuyamba kukolola lalikulu wakuda zipatso zabwino lokoma ndi wowawasa kukoma, amatikumbutsa mulberries, mabulosi akuda ndi fungo ofooka. Alibe drupes zovuta kwambiri kwa cholandirira, koma pa-okhwima zipatso chifukwa cha softness zawo pongofuna kubudula.

Berry mawonekedwe akufanana phirilo elongated ndi nsonga anamaliza, kulemera - 5-8 G amene ali zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa Tornfri. drupes zovuta pamodzi mitolo ya burashi. BlackBerry mitundu Black bafuta amapereka mkulu zokolola, kuyambira yotentha oyambirira mpaka chisanu choyamba.

Ndi bwino wosakanizidwa zingakhale remontant. Kumaonetsa chuma ichi kumapeto kwa dzinja ngati regrowth nthambi zipatso ndi masamba ku masamba m'munsi pa zimayambira wamng'ono. Chabwino anayamba kukana kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana. M'nyengo yozizira tchire amafuna pogona, chifukwa iwo timakhala yozizira koopsa.

Mabulosi akuda ndi spikes

The mitundu bwino za mphukira zakuda amene minga - ndi lowopsya Agawam, Darrow ndi Texas.

Agawam ndi hybrid American. Young zimayambira wobiriwira kukula molunjika, ndipo okha zolinga zawo chapamwamba ndi adatchithisira. Nthambi mphukira pachaka tchire kukhala wofiirira kapena zofiirira mtundu, yokutidwa ndi njira spinous ndi kufwanyulira ku villous glandular. Masamba ndi malo ena, ogaŵikana 3 mbale, alinso singano outgrowths.

zipatso chipangizo oterewa wapangidwa drupes lalikulu ndi zipatso nawonso analandira lalikulu - mpaka magalamu 6 kulemera, wakuda mu mtundu. Iwo kulawa cloyingly wokoma. Zimayambira m'nyengo yozizira Musanyalanyaze chifukwa sungathe maondo iwo pansi.

Darrow - zosiyanasiyana wina American wa kumarniki mitundu. chizolowezi ake woongoka mphukira yokutidwa ndi spines, kutalika kwa imene imafikira mamita 3. kwambiri ololera ndi yozizira Hardy mitundu ya mabulosi akuda. Zipatso elongated, ndi kulemera pafupifupi wakuda, glossy, ndi pang'ono lokoma wowawasa.

Texas - Michurinsky mtundu chifukwa kuswana mitundu kusankha mbande Logan. Zophatikiza amatanthauza rosyanikam, zokwawa mphukira yokutidwa ndi minga ndi fluffy ❖ kuyanika. The zipatso yaikulu zosiyanasiyana ichi - masekeli magalamu za 9 - zosangalatsa kukoma kuyamika zolemba wokoma ndi wowawasa. Zipatso mtundu zimasiyanasiyana wofiira mdima wakuda pali ❖ kuyanika wa sera. Tchire mitundu ya Texas sangakhoze kulekerera kuzizira kwambiri.

Zosiyanasiyana mabulosi akuda ku Moscow

Posankha mitundu ya mabulosi akuda kudera Moscow ayenera kuganizira makhalidwe monga yozizira hardiness. Choncho, malongosoledwe a mitundu ya mabulosi akuda zisonyeze luso lawo kulekerera chisanu. Ngati sapereka chidwi, n'zotheka kuti tiziwononga nthawi ndi khama.

M'dera Moscow ndi Moscow wamaluwa anakhala makamaka wotchuka mu mitundu zoterozo mabulosi akuda ngati Tornfi, Agawam, Ufimsk oyambirira, Wilsons Earley, Loch mwe, Tornless yobiriwira, Darrow, mwala, Chester, Smuts zochuluka. mitundu awa ndi sing'anga kapena zonyamula chisanu. Mu zikhalidwe za Moscow kutentha dera yozungulira akhoza kufika mfundo mokwanira otsika kuti ndi zoyipa pa boma la chitsamba ndi zina kasupe zokolola. Ngakhale mkulu yozizira hardiness, pafupifupi onse mitundu izi zimafunika wobisa ya masika.

Mwa hybrids ndi spikes kwa dera wakupatsani abwino kalasi ya Agawam, mmene makamaka kugonjetsedwa ndi ozizira, mkulu zokolola, pakalibe matenda, komanso maganizo.

Mwala - mmodzi kwambiri chisanu zosagwira mitundu. Mphukira wa zomera kufika sing'anga-kakulidwe, yokutidwa ndi minga. Izi macrocarpa mtundu, zipatso wakuda ndi kulocha buluu, wolemera pafupi 5 magalamu, ozungulira, ndi kukoma kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa zakuda. Poyerekeza ndi hybrid Agawam, chipereka pang'ono m'munsi. Osati anakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Mu chisamaliro cha zakuda mwala yovuta kwambiri.

Tornless yobiriwira - ozizira zosagwira mitundu, yozizira chitsamba masamba popanda akuponya masamba. mphukira Wamphamvu amalowa pamodzi pansi, wopanda minga, koma pali zomera ndi minga. bwino kwambiri zosiyanasiyana, tchire kwenikweni zonse za zipatso. Kuyambira ndi makumi awiri cha August mpaka mapeto a September, kukolola zipatso wowawasa-lokoma la mtundu wakuda ndi mapeto glossy, iwo kulemera kwa zaka 3 Mmodzi mwa zovuta zosiyanasiyana izi kucha mbewu zikuluzikulu, zimene kusokoneza kukoma khalidwe la zipatso.

Mu zikhalidwe za Moscow akuwombera yobiriwira zakuda Tornless bwino pogona, kuika pansi wokutidwa ndi masamba kapena utuchi.

Wilsons Earley - mmodzi kwambiri yozizira-Hardy cultivar pryamorosly ndi minga yaing'ono, akuwombera kufika mamita awiri. Ndi hybrid oyambirira, pakati pa dzinja zokolola akuyamba, ndipo chimakhala mpaka chiyambi ya nyundo. Zipatso analandira wofiirira-wakuda, chowulungika, osati yaikulu kwambiri, mpaka 2 ga mwa kulemera.

Zosiyanasiyana The ambiri koma si yozizira Hardy koma ndi otchuka ndi wamaluwa mabusa. Tate wa mtundu umenewu ndi Russian breeder I. V. Michurin. zimayambira zokwawa tchire amphamvu yokutidwa ndi spines zitamangiriridwa. Izi zosiyanasiyana yamasika umabala mkulu zokolola za zipatso lalikulu, miyeso yawo ndi 10 ga, lokoma wowawasa kukoma. Kuti adziteteze ku tchire yozizira koopsa wobisa.

Kukula mabulosi akuda ku Ukraine

Kuwonjezeka kutchuka kwa munda zakuda. Zosiyanasiyana Ukraine akugula kunja. M'madera ena kum'mwera kwa dziko, kumene wofatsa nyengo yozizira ndi frosts mphamvu, alimi anayamba kukhala mitundu mkulu-ololera wa mabulosi akuda pamlingo malonda. Madera pansi pake pilirani kuti maekala 200 m'dziko. Mu kumpoto, n'zovuta kuchita popanda pogona zomera zimenezi, chifukwa yozizira amangodzionetsera chisanu ndi frosts aakulu sadzamlekerera zitsamba kuzizira, ngati iwo sanakonzekere mu kugwa. Ndi mitundu rosyaniki zinawayendera bwino kwambiri, iwo samasowa kuti weramitsani mwachindunji. Koma mitundu ya chizolowezi woongoka ndi kukula kwa mphukira ayenera pang'onopang'ono linapendekeka, mwinamwake prigibanie awo lakuthwa kuonongeka nthambi. Kuti phesi pang'onopang'ono anawerama zomangira katundu wake, koma likuvutika elasticity minofu iwo pang'onopang'ono weramitsani.

alimi Chiyukireniya kwa kupanga zakuda Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu mochedwa amene zipatso zimapsa kumapeto a chirimwe, ndipo zokolola kumatenga mpaka mapeto a September. Panthawi imeneyi, ambiri mbewu mabulosi kale mbisoweka ku kauntala, kuti ndi doubly kumawonjezera kufunika kwa mabulosi akuda.