Mlongo - khalidwe otchuka banja

Mawu akuti "mlongo" amatanthauza "mayi yekha" kapena "mayi wa banja lake." Asayansi-akatswiri a zinenero amanena kuti amachokera kwa m'mayiko a ku Ulaya "awuwuze-sor", yafalikira onse zinenero ndi tsiku ndi monga kambirimbiri monga mawu akuti "mayi".

zimakhalira pachibale

The tanthauzo ambiri amavomereza kuti mlongo - mwana wa makolo ofanana mu mawu a mwana yemweyo. Komabe, malinga mlingo zimakhalira kapena katundu amadziŵika:

• Uterine (wamba mayi) ndi consanguineous (bambo yemweyo) alongo. nthawi zambiri anatiitana, si zonse.
• alongo Consolidated, kuti palibe ubale magazi, koma amaona abale ndi banja chifukwa makolo awo.
• Asuweni - m'bale ana kapena mlongo kholo. Mu mwambo European - msuweni.
• Zolovok kapena mlongo mu - malo ochezera, kuonetsera, motero, mlongo, mwamuna kapena mkazi.
• Anayala magawano ndi zaka - mlongo wamng'ono ndi wamkulu. Monga ulamuliro, kugawa limeneli malo ndi maudindo (mkulu - Chofunika, bwino, wamng'ono - owonongedwa).

Aakazi nawonso akutsogola Gulu la ana obadwa - chiwerengero cha atsikana ndi 67% mimba angapo. Kuyambira mfundo chithandizo cha, iwo mapasa, koma kupezeka tsiku ndi tsiku, iwo amatchedwa mapasa, kapena mapasa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti anyamata zochepa achilendo chithandizo mu mawonekedwe a chikondi.

Kuwonjezera abale, mlongo - kumakhalanso udindo apilo kutanthauza ntchito (achipatala), chuma chawo (sisitere) kapena ndiwe wa chipembedzo (mpatuko).

Kuchiza ndi kuchepetsa

Mawu akuti "mlongo" ali ndi phokoso ofanana m'zinenero zambiri. Makamaka, Chibelarusi, Chiyukireniya, Chisebiya, ndi ofanana mu katchulidwe kwa bwino kwa khutu Russian. Mu mawu ena limachulidwa mosiyana pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, ngati izi:

• English - mlongo ( "Mlongo").
• French - sœur.
• Kadzutsa - syster.
• German - Schwester ( "shvester").
• Polish - siostra.
• Chiuzibeki - APA.

Asia amakhala ndi kusapezeka kwa mawu akuti "mlongo" monga morpheme limodzi. The Chinese, Korea ndi Japanese zinenero kwa aliyense "mtundu" wa abale pali mapangidwe osiyana. Makamaka, mlongo Korea aakulu amatchedwa "Nun", wamng'ono - "Onni" mu Japanese monga akulu a ana limatchedwa kuti "OSD" ( "mame-San"), ndipo wamng'ono - ". IMO chinachake"

Mu Russian, mawu ali ofanana nawo ambiri amene ali ndi phindu yemweyo, amene amagwirizana ndi chinenero kwambiri kusintha. mlongo Russian akhoza kutchedwa "mlongo", "mlongo", "sestruha", "mlongo", ndipo mayina a awa adzakhala yabwino, zoyenerera ntchito pa zochitika zina.

M'banja ndi mutu wa pachibale

Pachibale - ubale wabwino pakati pa achibale magazi kunsi (ofukula) kapena mizere yopingasa kuphatikizapo asuweni. zodabwitsazi ndikoletsedwa ndi lamulo ndi mwachangu adzaweruzidwa ndi anthu, komabe chidwi kugonana abale akupitiriza mosaletseka.

Mu pafupi ndi mfundo zimene zinachitika, pachibale zakale ngati zimenezi zinali zachilendo. Aliyense akudziwa kuti Afarao la Iguputo anakwatiwa ndi alongo ake (ndi theka achibale), kuti ukhale woyera mzere ndi Plantagenet mafumu, Capetian, Lancaster, Habsburg mu nthawi yake okwatira mwapadera kawiri ndi asuweni. Kulankhula yamasika pachibale zinachitika zambiri zomwe zinachititsa kuti alibe wathunthu.

Pa XVI-XIX zaka Ulaya otchuka sing'anga ndi bourgeoisie pafupifupi 70% anali pakati pa mabanja asuweni choyamba. Ndipo za chinyengo aliyense, ndipo mawu sanali. Mu dongosolo pano, pamene kulowa mkazi msuweni, mlongo - anali njira yokha kusunga chikhalidwe otetezedwa ndi kupatsira mutu.

Masiku ano, ukwati pakati asuweni ndikoletsedwa m'mayiko ambiri. Komabe, Middle East, mlingo wake, Mosiyana, ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono oopsa. Mu Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia abale maukwati ndi asuweni ndi asuweni chachiwiri alongo kufika 30% ya okwana, ndi m'madera ena a zimakwana ngakhale apamwamba.

Malamulo a Federation ndi Russian

Malinga Art. 14 Mabanja Code wa Russian Federation, mlongo - wachibale, zokhudzana ndi ana ena mwa magazi imodzi ya makolo. Momwe m'bale kapena mlongo, mungathe:

• Kudziwitsa iwo a mabungwe yazamalamulo m'ndende pasanathe maola 12.
• Ufulu umboni paiwo.
• Ufulu pa nthawi iliyonse kuti apeze chochita pa utsogoleri tchuthi mwambo wa maliro awo.
• Ufulu asandilembe msonkho pa katundu monga chopereka.

The malamulo a Art. 93 Mabanja Code amafuna kuti abale ndi alongo nazo ziwalo zina zazing'ono banja, ngati makolo ayi mulole, pa zifukwa cholinga (imfa, m'ndende, wopanda). Iwo ndi olandira mozungulira ngati imfa. Mabanja onse (ndi theka) alongo akubwera pambuyo pa makolo mkazi ndi ana, ndi abale onse - sitili pa achibale ake ena, kuphatikizapo makolo awo.

Zopeka ndi Film

Mutu wa ubale alongo ndi ana ena - mmodzi wa anthu otchuka mu dziko kulenga ndi sikudalira nthawi ndi dziko. Chiwerengero cha mankhwala pamene mzere abale-waulongo ubale osati wokhudza mu m'kupita, koma ndi imodzi yofunika kwambiri, ndi lalikulu. Iwo kalekale kukhala zapamwamba za mdziko mabuku mabuku monga "Kunyada ndi Tsankho" (Charlotte Bronte), "Little Women" (Luiza Olkott), "Atatu Alongo" (Anton Chekhov), "m'mene angatetezedwe" (Shirli Dzhekson), "Maluwa mu chapamwamba cha "(Virzhiniya Endryus) ndi ena ambiri. Ngakhale chizindikiro cha ndakatulo Russian - dzina lake Aleksandr Pushkin - Kudzera Ages limafotokoza nkhani ya alongo, ndi mkangano pakati pawo.

Film makampani ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana komanso kupeleka chidwi ku alongo. Kuwonjezera zimasintha mabuku pa phunziro, pali nkhani choyambirira - "Zolinga Wankhanza" (US, 1999), "Kaligula" (Italy, 1979), "ana kovuta" (France, 1950), "Abale Wolf" (France , 2001), "mlongo wanga, chikondi changa" (Japan, 2007), 'bedi abale ndi alongo "(Sweden, 1965).

Mwa masiku ano wotchuka wakuti "Game ya mipando", "Hemlock Grove". Pakati pa anime za mlongo ndi m'bale, palinso maliboni. Mwachitsanzo, ndi ofunika tione "Mngelo kachisi", "kumwamba Zokhudzana", "Ndimakonda mlongo wanga wamng'ono" ndi "Mlongo chinyengo."

alongo Otchuka

dziko ladzala ndi anthu otchuka omwe ntchito mu tandem ofanana. Iwo akhoza kukumana pafupifupi m'mbali zonse za moyo, koma makamaka kwambiri a iwo mu mafilimu. Aliyense akudziwa Mary-Kate ndi Ashley Uolson amadziwika mafilimu za mapasa ( "Ine ndi mthunzi wanga", "tchuthi ku Paris"), Monica - mlongo wamng'ono wa wotchuka Penelope Cruz. mndandanda ndi yaitali. Mu masewera odziwika mapasa Victoria ndi Valentina Semerenko anadzipereka Masewerera a Biathlon moyo ndi mabuku wotchuka kwambiri adakali Bronte alongo - Anne, Charlotte ndi Emily.