Mononuclear amapereka: zitsanzo, mitundu. Mononuclear chabe zitsanzo chiganizo

Kumbali ya malembedwe, chilango - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mayunitsi zofunika chinenero. Iwo amakhala ndi zamalankhulidwe ndi intonational chokwanira ndi maziko kwenikweni kalembedwe. Chinenero cha Chirasha predicative m'munsi chingakhale cha ziwalo wina kapena awiri ofunika.

Lingaliro la umafuna limodzi pawiri

Mitundu ya bwana osakwatiwa-zikuchokera ndi zitsanzo zithunzi ali fanizo la chuma ongolankhula mu "malembedwe" chinenero Russian.

Kapangidwe Syntactic ndi maziko wopangidwa mwa nkhani ndi mkhalidwe, wotchedwa mbali ziwiri. Mwachitsanzo: Ine sindimakonda oopsa zotsatira (vs Vysotsky).

Bwana zochokera lili chimodzi cha ziwalo waukulu otchedwa chimodzi-chidutswa chokha. Mukapeza mfundo zoterezi ndi kotheratu ndipo safuna wachiwiri kutsogolera yaitali. Pa nthawi ya kukhalapo kwake sangathe (mu ziganizo chabe). The ntchito zaluso ndi anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mononuclear amapereka zitsanzo mabuku: mp pamphumi ndi zenera galasi (Mayakovsky). Palibe nkhani, koma n'zosavuta kuti abwezeretse :. "Ine" The smallness ya mdima (K.K.Sluchevsky). pempholo sakutero ndipo sangakhale mutu.

Colloquially yosavuta mononuclear amapereka wamba zokwanira. Zitsanzo za ntchito zawo kutsimikizira izi: - Kodi kupita? - Pa mafilimu.

bwana Mononuclear anawagawa mitundu:

1. denominative (ndi m'munsi mwa mutu).

2. Pa maziko a mkhalidwe wa:

• munthu;
• yosaoneka.

Mbali Mawuwo zovuta kungakhale mononuclear umafuna. Zitsanzo: Ife sitikhala amanena kuti nyanja wokongola pali chirichonse mu dziko: tonsefe aliyense ndi wokoma mbali (V.G.Rasputin). Izi zili chiganizo zovuta monga atatu losavuta: 1 - chimodzi-chidutswa zabwino-payekha, 2 - mononuclear chabe, 3 - mbali ziwiri.

M'pofunika tione mitundu mononuclear cha maganizo ndi zitsanzo, makamaka ankaimira ntchito mabuku. Izi adzalola kuti alembe chithunzi yonse ya malembedwe amenewa.

Bwana kukhala

Chifukwa cha maganizo nominative - kokha nkhani. zosiyanasiyana za mawu: manauni zinachitikira nominative: Spring ndi chigonjetso (S.A.Vasilev). Kapena mawu (nauni mu nominative + nauni zinachitikira genitive ..): Masiku a nyimbo ndi mitundu (S.A.Vasilev).

bwana Denominative angakhale si kuchuluka: North. Kodi. Chiyembekezo (vs Vysotsky). Ndipo wamba: Land Popanda Borders (vs Vysotsky), ndi nkhani yothandiza tanthawuzo.

Ndithudi, munthu malembedwe - ndi mtundu wa munthu

mononuclear Personal amapereka zitsanzo zomwe zapatsidwa pansizi, kusonyeza kuchuluka kwa zinenero komanso njira yosonyezera mithunzi osiyana tanthauzo.

Mononuclear malembedwe, limene munthuyo wachita posonyeza yokhala, koma mosavuta kubwezeretsedwa, amatchedwa munthu. Ena wamba ndipo sanali kuchulukana. Mu udindo wa mkhalidwe - amalire mneni (1, 2 Anthu), mu mmodzi kapena yambiri, mu zimasonyeza kapena kuyesetsa. maganizo otere wa yeniyeni munthu (wolankhulayo kapena interlocutor). Mu ntchito za olemba nthano zambiri ntchito m'gulu la "mwana mmodzi chidutswa kupereka zabwino-payekha" zitsanzo za ndakatulo:

• Food (SAEsenin) (mneni - mneni mu zimasonyeza maganizo 1l, mmodzi).
• Tsalani bwino, nyanja (Pushkin) (mneni-mkhalidwe - mu kuyesetsa mawonekedwe 2 munthu mmodzi)!

Yosatha zake

Pass ntchito anachita chosadziwika nkhope (nkhani). Mneni ali munthu 3, ambiri panopa kapena kale mu zimasonyeza ndi makonzedwe yomangika :

• Koma ana aakazi atatu dzina lake mfiti (vs Vysotsky) (mneni -. Mneni prosh.vr, mn.chisla pofuna hooded ..).
• Ndipo anene, anene inde, koma - palibe, palibe amene amafa pachabe (vs Vysotsky) (monga mkhalidwe wa -. Mneni pakali pano, mu L 3 ndi PL).
• Kodi adzipangira ine chiwembu maekala asanu pafupi ndi fakitale galimoto (Sholokhov) (mneni-mkhalidwe mu mawonekedwe a mochulukitsa subjunctive).

malingaliro makamaka zowombetsa mkota munthu

Gulu la osakwatiwa-zikuchokera muli akatswiri a zinenero (Babaytseva vv, AA Shakhmatov neri Al.) Kodi zosonyeza mu mawonekedwe osiyana, monga mawu predicates zofanana definiteness ndi kalekale zake ndipo amasiyana okha tanthauzo lake. Iwo mkhalidwe ali ndi phindu zowombetsa mkota. ziwembu otere nthawi zambiri ntchito miyambi, ndi mawu: Kodi mungakonde pamwamba - ngati mizu. Mulibe zana rubles, ndi abwenzi zana. Kamodzi Ine ndinanama - anakhala wabodza.

Mu kuphunzira nkhaniyi "mononuclear payekha kupereka" Zitsanzo zofunika kwambiri, kuyambira iwo bwino kuthandiza kudziwa mtundu wa dongosolo syntactic ndi chimodzi cha ziwalo zazikulu, ndi kusiyanitsa pakati pawo.

yosaoneka kutsatsa

Mononuclear ziganizo yosaoneka (Chitsanzo: Zimakhala mdima kumayambiriro kwa phokoso mu mutu wanga ..) Kodi osiyana ndi munthu kuti si ndipo sangakhale mutu.

mkhalidwe akhoza anasonyeza m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Chabe mneni: Izo kukuda. Ndikumva kudwala.
• Mneni malipoti payekha mawonekedwe chabe: Pa mbali ya malaya anga. Iwo rumbled kutali. Inu ndi mwayi! Sindingathe kugona.
• Predicative adverb (boma gulu kapena mawu chabe-predicative): Zinali chete kwambiri (IA Bunin). Ndichonyowa. Sad.
• Infinitive: Sikuti kuphanga pansi pa dziko zosintha (A.V.Makarevich).
• Mawu negation "ayi" ndi tinthu zoipa "ayi": thambo ndi mitambo. Chikumbumtima, inu simutero!

mitundu ya mkhalidwe mu maganizo osakwatiwa-zikuchokera

Mu zilankhulo Russian mkhalidwe ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu itatu:

1. Zambiri mneni. Wina anasonyeza mwa mneni mtundu uliwonse.
2. Pawiri mneni. Amakhala ku verebu infinitive, ndi Mitsemphayi.
3. dzina pawiri. Zikuyenera kukhala mbali ya mneni, ndi dzina la mtolo, amene tingasonyezere monga adjective ndi, nauni, participle kapena adverb.

Mu umodzi-zikuchokera maganizo kukumana zonsezi mitundu ya predicates.

Kuli (mononuclear chabe chiweruzo). CHITSANZO mkhalidwe mneni ndi adatchithisira binder mu nthawi ino, koma lomwe limapezeka zinachitika kale anali ozizira. Part dzina kutchulidwa boma gulu.

Mu pempholo yotsimikizika munthu: Tiyeni tilumikizane manja, abwenzi (B.Sh.Okudzhava) -skazuemoe mneni yosavuta.

Chiganizo kalekale zake: Palibe sindikufuna kumva inu (O.Ermachenkova) - mneni - amalire mneni + infinitive.

Mononuclear denominative bwana - zitsanzo za gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe mneni ndi ziro mitsempha mu pakali pano. Nthawi zambiri, pamene anaika pafupi ndi nominative particles woonekeratu: Apa ndi tikiti yanu, kuti galimoto yako (vs Vysotsky). Ngati maganizo nominative alembedwera kale, iwo n'kukhala mbali ziwiri mukuiganizira. Yerekezerani: Kodi tikiti yanu, anali ndi galimoto yako.

Mononuclear ndi ziganizo chosakwanira

M'pofunika kusiyanitsa tsankho mbali ziwiri maganizo ndi chimodzi-pawiri. Mu umodzi-zikuchokera, pakalibe chimodzi cha ziwalo zikuluzikulu za tanthauzo la mawuwo sasintha. Kholo akhoza analilumpha gawo lirilonse la chiweruzo, ndi tanthauzo sangakhoze kumvetsedwa kunja kwa nkhani yonse: Mosiyana - tebulo. Kapena lero.

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa ziganizo yotsimikizika munthu ndi mbali ziwiri chosakwanira. Izi kwenikweni chikutanthauza mkhalidwe zowonetseredwa ndi mneni zinachitika kale. Mwachitsanzo: Ine ndinaganiza - ndipo anayamba kudya (Pushkin). Popanda nkhani yakuti sangathe anatsimikiza 1 kapena 3 nkhope The ntchito mneni. Pofuna kuti amalakwitsa, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti munthu sanalemberetu ndi mneni kale, kotero izi mbali ziwiri chosakwanira chiweruzo.

Mavuto makamaka kusiyana pakati pa chosakwanira mbali ziwiri maganizo ndi nominative, mwachitsanzo: Night. Frosty usiku. ndi usiku m'mudzi. Pofuna kupewa mavuto, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mfundo - membala zazing'ono za thupi mkhalidwe wa. Choncho, chiweruzo "Night m'Dziko" - chosakwanira mbali ziwiri ndi gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe, imene gawo wapakamwa mulibe. Yerekezerani: usiku anapita kumudzi. Frosty usiku. Izi maganizo nominative chifukwa tanthauzo akugwirizana ndi nkhaniyo, choncho adjective "frosty" amadziwika ndi membala yaikulu ya "usiku".

Mu kuphunzira malembedwe, n'kofunika kuchita akamachita maphunziro, ndipo ichi m'pofunika kupenda mitundu ya bwana osakwatiwa-zikuchokera ndi zitsanzo.

Udindo wa ziganizo limodzi pawiri m'chinenero

Mu kulemba ndi kulankhula mononuclear kupereka mbali yofunika kwambiri. Monga malembedwe mu achidule ndi succinct mawonekedwe zotheka zopanga lingaliro la yowala ndi zokongola, kuthandiza kuti mupereke zithunzi kapena zinthu. Iwo anapereka mfundo mphamvu ndi emotionality kulola kuganizira nkhani ankafunila kapena nkhani. Ndi limodzi-zikuchokera bwana akhoza kupewa zosafunika lexical kubwereza mawu.