Mu chaka chimene chinali pamwamba pa Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo? Tsiku la nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse

Za nkhondo ku Soviet Union analemba kwambiri. Lofalitsidwa misa makope Maulendo akazembe, apolisi ndi asilikali a kalata, prose, ndakatulo, kufufuza mbiri yakale. Pali kukumbukira ndi ogwira ntchito kunyumba kutsogolo (antchito onse wamba Mabwana Oyang'anira Ntchito, Mabwana zomera, Commissars anthu, ndege). Zonsezi ndi laibulale yabwino kwambiri, limene, zikuoneka, mukhoza kubwezeretsa mabuku a mbiri yakale motsimikiza. Komanso, mafilimu anajambula - zopeka ndi zopelekedwa, sakhalitsa serialized. M'masukulu, makoleji ndi mayunivesite, ophunzira analongosola ndi aphunzitsi magawo onse a nkhondo lalikulu limene inapha anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Ndi zonse izi, kunapezeka kuti anthu athu mukudziwa n'zosadabwitsa pang'ono zimene zinachitika pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

Awiri kalendala masiku - wakuda ndi wofiira

M'malingaliro a misa mbe kuwiri tsiku - June 22, 1941 ndi May 9, 1945. Mwatsoka, aliyense akudziwa za zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano. Oyambirira chilimwe m'mawa "Kiev ndi bomba, tinauzidwa ..." ndi chidule ambiri, wopangidwa mwa chakuti Germany anaukira mwadzidzidzi, nkhondo si ananena. Ndi zonse za tsiku loyamba. Information si zoona kwathunthu. Chilengezo cha nkhondo anali German kazembe Schulenburg anapereka n'kulemba Molotov. Komabe, kufunika izo zinkayenera kuti ochuka, "Junkers" ndi "Henkel" chapeza okwera pa malire, ndipo nthawi yokonzekera kuti munganyansidwe kuukira anakhalabe. Koma ndiye nkhondo patsogolo kuukira si kupewedwa. Pa bwanji wosakonzekera kuti chitetezo, nkhani yapadera.

Pafupi chaka inatha World nkhondo II ndi zimene tsiku, pa Koyamba, chokhudza. Koma si onse bwino.

kuyambira

June 22 chinachake kuti Soviet Union ankakonza kwa nthawi yaitali. Anapitirira ndi wamakono kochuruka kwa lingathe mafakitale, wotchedwa mafakitale. Anali ukasintha anamanganso m'mphawi moyo, kwathetsa maziko kanthu mseri m'mudzi. Izi zinachititsa kuti kuchepa lakuthwa ubwino wa anthu onse. khama zikuluzikulu, malingana ngati iwo sanadutsitse ndi kuwonjezeka mu muyezo wa amoyo, mukhoza kupita kwa mmodzi yekha - pa chitetezo. Propaganda mosalekeza anaika lingaliro la kusapeŵeka kwa nkhondo ndi nthawi imodzi za mtendere wa boma antchito choyamba 'ndi anthu wamba' mu dziko. Chitsanzo ulendo zochitika fateful limafotokonzera filimu ndi mutu woyankhula mwanzeru "Ngati mawa nkhondo." mdani sioneka anaukira, ndipo iye anali pomwepo mmwamba ndi zoopsa kubwezera mphamvu. Iye inawonongedwa, ndi dziko lake anabwera ufulu onse mu USSR. Bwanji, mu June 1941 unaturuka pang'ono mosiyana?

Pafupifupi lonse lankhondo mphamvu ya Red Army, monga mwa m'ma June 1941 anali anaikira pa malire a kumadzulo kwa USSR. Pali munali ndipo manja katundu, mafuta, zipolopolo, mankhwala, chakudya, ndi zonse zofunika khalidwe la nkhondo pa nthaka yachilendo magazi pang'ono. Airfields komanso anali patsogolo kwambiri Mzere malire. Kupeza siinamalizidwe, ndi uthenga wa asilikali katundu ndi ankhondo sitima ndi njira anapitiriza. Zonse izi anaphimba mwaluso ndi Maulendo ambiri.

Ndizachidziwikire kuti nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse pofuna kuteteza dziko lake Stalin sanali anakonzera.

Pa Hitler zoyembekezeredwa

German Mtsogoleri chiyembekezo makamaka awonekere kusakhutira wa anthu mphamvu Soviet. German nzeru wothandizila mwano wa zotsatira lamkunkhuniza wa zaka zoposa ziwiri ulamuliro wa chikominisi, kupondereza, decapitate Red Army, mamilioni a njala wamba mu minda gulu, kuti aopseze kalasi ntchito ndi anzeru kuletsedwa. The Mtsogoleri anali pafupi N'zosakayikitsa kuti pa njira chabe malire a anthu USSR Wehrmacht adzafunsa mosangalala kulandira "liberators." zoterezi ali, ndi njira, zinachitika m'madera ena kumadzulo, koma ambiri, amayembekezera kuti sichinakwaniritsidwe.

Pamene Germany anali kukonzekera nkhondo

Ngati si chifukwa cha chiyembekezo cha othamanga kuphwanya "colossus ndi miyendo ya dongo", Adolf Hitler sangakane asintha ndi kuukira. Udindo wa Germany mu Kuchiyambi kwa chilimwe cha 1941 kuitana sangakhale waluntha. Against maziko a ntchito bwino ku Ulaya, ndipo panalibe osangalatsa kwambiri ndondomeko. Theka la France anakhalabe "nedookkupirovannoy" kwathunthu kulamulira Yugoslavia sizinachitike anapereka, anaona zoopsa mu Africa North, ntchito zikawonongeka inachitikanso yosiyana bwino. America sanalowe nkhondo, koma kwenikweni kale nawo kuthandiza UK kwa zinthu zake pafupifupi zopanda malire chuma.

The anzawo a Germany - Romania, Italy ndi Japan - mwabweretsa ndi mavuto ambiri kuposa zabwino. Chiyambi cha nkhondo ndi Soviet Union mu zikachitika zikhoza kuganiziridwa sitepe misala. Kukonzekera pafupifupi sanali kuchitikira asilikali a Wehrmacht analibe ngakhale zovala zotentha ndi nsapato (iwo sanawonekere), chisanu zosagwira mafuta ndi lubricants. Soviet nzeru anadziwa nkhaniyi ndipo inanena kuti boma la Russia.

Komabe, nkhondo inayamba USSR mosayembekezera ndi vuto womangika kwambiri kwa ife. The Germany msanga anasamukira kumtunda, zinthu zinavuta zambiri pachiswe. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti popanda nawo anthu onse podziteteza kuti akope Zikanakhala zosatheka. Ndipo nkhondo wakhala World.

World nkhondo II

Pasanapite nthawi kuukira Hitler a kukonda dziko lako nkhondo anatsimikizidwa. Izo zinachitika kachiwiri mu mbiri Russian. Kuopseza adawuka ena osati dongosolo chikhalidwe, ndipo kuli kwambiri a dziko ndi chitukuko Eurasian. Ndipo mmene zinthu zinalili kwa nthawi yoyamba, mu ulamuliro wa angamasuledi?

Kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ndi France anali mu 1812, mpaka ndiye, mpaka magulu Napoleonic anaponyedwa pansi kuchokera pansi Russian. Bonaparte lankhosa ku Paris anafika, ndipo iye anatenga mu 1814, mfumu ufumuyo pali sanapezeke. Tinakhala pang'ono "kutali", ndipo anabwerera kunyumba pansi wolimba nyimbo. Koma atawoloka mtsinje wa Berezina zonse zakhala chabe kampeni. Only chaka choyamba, pamene panali nkhondo pamodzi wakale Smolensk msewu, pa Borodino ndi Maloyaroslavets, ndi kuchokera ku nkhalango pa Aisiraeli anaukira zigaŵenga zankhondo za kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ankaona.

Baibulo lina: 1944

Ngati ife tiyandikira analogies mbiri, ndiye funso kaya, Chaka chilichonse pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ayenera kuyankhidwa: Mu 1944, m'dzinja. Zinali ndiye kuti otsiriza zida German, Romania, Spanish, Chitaliyana, Chihangare ndi msilikali wina aliyense amene anamenya kumbali ya Nazi Germany, anasiya dera la USSR. Akaidi ndi akufa si zoona. The nkhondo yokha unatha, koma dziko unasiya kukhala, izo walowa mu gawo la anawatha mdani mu malo obisalamo wake ndi kumasulidwa chilungamo cha anthu akapolo iwo. Kuukira alipo USSR itatha, funsolo linali yekha mu mawu a kugonjetsedwa komaliza kwa mdani ndi zikhalidwe wotsatira wa dziko.

Baibulo chachiwiri - May 8, 1945

Komabe, pali nkhani imeneyi ndi otsutsa ndi mfundo zawo tiyenera kuwalemekeza. Mapeto a Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, malingana ndi iwo, mwazaka chikugwirizana ndi kusaina agonje ku Karlshorst - madera akutali a Berlin. Kumbali yathu, mwambo anali kulamulira G. K. Zhukov ndi atsogoleri ena a asilikali, ndi German - Keitel ndi akapitawo, ndi akazembe a German General Wogwila. Hitler anali wakufa kwa masiku atatu. Tsiku mbiri chochitika - May 8, 1945. A tsiku kale, panali wina kusainira ndi capitulation, koma Soviet mkulu lamulo sanali pano, kotero I. V. Stalin losadziwika, ndi kuti kutha kwa Nkhondo sanapereke. Chigonjetso mu Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndi chinayi wa May wakhala holide ya dziko, analengeza malo onse wailesi ya Soviet Union. Anthuwo anasangalala, anthu anaseka ndipo analira. Koma wina anali kupanga nkhondo ...

Kumenyana pa May 9 pambuyo chigonjetso

Kusaina agonje kwa Germany Sichinatsitsidwe anatanthauza mapeto a nkhondo. asilikali Soviet anaphedwa ndi 9 May. Mu Prague, pa German asilikali, wopangidwa mwa SS kusankha anakana kugona pansi zida zawo. zinthu ndi wofunika nzika anayesetsa kukaniza Nazi otentheka, amadziwa kuti masiku awo atha, ndipo iwo Palibe vuto. Liwiro asilikali Soviet opulumutsidwa likulu Czech ku zoopsa ndi. Zotsatira zake za nkhondo zosachita Pomaliza, koma popanda imfa. Chinayi wa May kunali kutatha. Die anavulala pa tsiku lomaliza la nkhondo, koma kuti chiwerengero cha msilikali ...

Panalinso pang'ono odziwika nkhondo ku Far East. Mwamsanga komanso motsimikiza Soviet Army anagonjetsa Kwantung grouping a nkhondo Japanese, kufika Korea. Panali zomvetsa Koma zochepa kwambiri kuposa nthawi ya nkhondo ndi Germany.

World nkhondo II kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo

The chinayi wa May - tsiku la mapeto a nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse , chifukwa ngakhale kunachitidwa mu chaka cha 1944, si pa gawo lathu, koma kwenikweni khama la dziko lonse alembedwa pofuna kuthetsa kukana mdani. Onse angathe chuma USSR ntchito pa mfundo ya "chirichonse kutsogolo, chirichonse kwa chigonjetso." mkanganowo kumadzulo kwa malire Union, koma nkhondo anali atamenya kumbuyo. Akasinja, ndege, mfuti, sitima anali kufafaniza Wehrmacht, Luftwaffe ndi kriggsmarine - onse anamumanga kumbuyo.

Antchito amene anali akazi ndipo achinyamata ambiri, zayesetsa kupereka Red Army kunyumba ndi zonse muyenera, iwo anachita nkhondo awo, ochuluka naplakal pa maliro osati satiety mutadya. Chigonjetso mu Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo chifukwa cha khama osati asilikali, Ofisala, akazembe, admirals ndi amalinyero, komanso anthu ena Union. Mwanjira imeneyi, nkhondo dziko oyamba tsiku lomaliza.

Chachitatu Baibulo - 1955

Kusaina agonje German zinachitika mu vuto ndi mantha. Anagonjetsa adani anayesa kukhalabe maonekedwe ena ulemu, ngakhale Keitel nayankhula ndi opindula Baton munda polimbana ndi. Ogwirizana anawonjezera nkhawa, anafuna kuletsa zawo zofuna mwini geopolitical kuti, ambiri, ndi zachilendo. Mwagwirizana kukayikirana wosanganiza ndi kupambana kwa kuyembekezera tchuthi kwambiri. Mpake kuti imeneyi, iwalani za chikalata chofunika kwambiri, ndicho pangano mtendere. Nkhondo kutsirizitsa, ndi chimene chichitike? Ndiko kulondola, dziko. Koma si umboni, ndi mtundu wanji wa kugwirizana opambana. Woluza akhoza kulandira kokha mawu nsembe kwa iwo. Kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse mu May 1945, zinali yoona, koma mwalamulo sizichitika, izo mophweka aiwala za.

zakovyka malamulo

Iwo anazindikira pafupifupi zaka khumi. January 25, 1955 ndi lamulo la Presidium wa USSR Council Supreme, yolembedwa ndi wapampando wa Presidium za Supreme Soviet Voroshilov ndi Mlembi wa Presidium wa N. Pegova boma la nkhondo ndi Germany anathetsa. Kumene, kuchita malamulo wophiphiritsa, ndipo ngakhale boma anagonjetsa pa nthawi imeneyo, maonekedwe sanali - iwo unagawidwa pawiri, West ndi East Germany, koma kwa aphunzitsi ophunzira mbiri yakale anju lachinyengo funso: "yatha zimene chaka anachita Wamkulu ? World nkhondo II m'njira malamulo "ndi yankho lolondola, zimene sadadziwa onse, ndi kuti mu 1955!

niceties malamulo ziribe kanthu zambiri tsopano, kuti ndi ofunika okhawo amene amadziona katswiri ndipo akufuna kuwala erudition ena. Lero, pamene aliyense maphunziro sekondale amadziwa Wamkulu inatha mu chaka chimene World nkhondo II, ndi si zovuta. A angapo zaka zapitazo, izo kudziwika kwa onse. Zochitika za mbiri akukhala kutali kwambiri kwa ife, ndipo pakuona ochepa akhoza kukuuzani iwo. Tsiku la nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse alembedwa mu mabuku, koma uko ndi pa pedestal wa chipilala cha.

Mumadziwika otchuka akuti mmodzi wa asilikali aakulu amene mpaka chimodzi msilikali akufa si m'manda, nkhondo sangathe amatengedwa kuti zatha. Mwatsoka, dziko lathu anataya ana ambiri ndi aakazi, ndi kuti lero maphwando kufufuza kupeza mitembo yawo m'munda wa nkhondo zapitazi. Iwo adzapita ndi maulemu asilikali, abale adzaphunzira tsogolo la makolo awo ndi grandfathers, kubingula sawatcha ... zidzatheka kuti asilikali onse amene anapereka miyoyo yawo chifukwa dziko lawo, anapeza woyenera malo okhalamo? N'zokayikitsa, koma amayesetsa kuchita ayenera.