Pamene Ndipotu panali capitulation la Germany?

Ngati mudzapempha wophunzira aliyense mu Soviet Union, pamene panali Kudzipereka Germany, yankho ndi lodziwikiratu: May 9, 1945. Koma ngakhale mu tsiku lino la chikondwerero yekha pakati pa anthu athu, ndi pa dziko lonse mwambo wokondwerera kutha kwa nkhondo pa May 8. Chifukwa chake - zingapo zimene zinachitika mu masiku May mu Reims, pamene anasaina capitulation la Germany.

Pambuyo Hitler mwaufulu zapita April 30, 45, mphamvu unasamutsidwira ambiri Doenitz. Iye, monga wina aliyense, anadziwa kuti Germany sizikanatha kukana kumangotsatira wa anagwirizana mphamvu, mapeto a dziko pafupi. Ankadziwanso kuti asilikali a ku Germany ndi zinthu zosiyana kwambiri m'madera mukukhala. Mwachitsanzo, Anazi napha anthu 200 zikwi mu France. Ichi ndi chiwerengero chachikulu, koma zinali zosakwana 1% zomvetsa anthu mu Soviet Union. Choncho, utsogoleri wa ulamuliro wa Hitler nawatsimikizira adawopa chilango kwa Soviet Union. Malinga ndi zolinga Doenitz, ndi capitulation German anali kuonedwa kusanachitike ogwirizana Western akaidi a nkhondo, zida ndi ulamuliro pa gawo anapita kwa asilikali a England ndi US

Pogwira njira imeneyi, pa May 4, pamaso pa asilikali a ku Britain Field polimbana Montgomery anagonja mphamvu German kumpoto chakumadzulo Germany ndi Denmark, ndipo pa May 5 pa Achimereka anagonja kwa chifundo cha magulu German ku Bavaria ndi kumadzulo Austria. Choncho Doenitz negotiated ndi ogwirizana Western ndi kupereka kuvomereza kugonjera ndi atatu makamu German ya kum'mawa Front, umene panthawi imeneyo anali kumenyana ndi Red Army.

Komabe, lamulo la mphamvu anagwirizana anasiya mwatsatanetsatane ichi ndi adafotokozera mbali Soviet wa pempholo German. German General Alfred Jodl anafika pa May 6 pa likulu la Anglo-American ogwirizana kusaina kuchita kugonjera kwa gulu lonse lankhondo la ulamuliro wa Hitler. Komabe, General Eisenhower mu mawonekedwe mwachilungamo okhwima wakana kulandira kudzipereka, kuti asilikali idzapereka kumene panopa ali. Ndipo ngati asilikali German ku East Front kusankha kupita ku West, osati kuti anagwidwa ndi mbali Union, anagwirizana asilikali kutsekereza gawo lake la kutsogolo ndipo tisalole kayendedwe ngati

Doenitz Jodl telegraphed mikhalidwe imene anakankhira lankhondo. Iye anawapatsa mphamvu ambiri zonse kusaina chikalata kugonja popanda zinthu. Poyamba, kusaina mchitidwewo zinakonzedwa kwa May 7, pa hafu pasiti mausiku awiri.

Permanent nthumwi ku likulu la ogwirizana kuchokera kumbali Soviet anali General Ivan Susloparov. Pa nkhani analipo, koma kulowezana mofulumira zochitika mwachionekere sankayembekezera. Iye analibe malangizo kuchita zinthu zofanana. Susloparov chikalata anatumizidwa ku Moscow, koma pa nthawi yaitali ayankhe sanalandire konse. Choncho anaganiza kuchita chiopsezo anu. Susloparov anavomera kusaina kuchita kugonja pa mbali ya lamulo Soviet, koma ndi Kusintha chimodzi: zalembedwa anafunika monga chinthu pa kubwerezabwereza cha mwambo imakhala pa pempho la aliyense wa anagwirizana mayiko.

Agonje chopanda malire a Germany pa May 7 pa nyumba koleji ku Reims usiku, maola 2 Mphindi 41. Tsopano ndi laling'ono lofiira nyumba - Museum kugonja ndi. The capitulation la Germany zinasaina General Smith m'malo mwa Anglo-American ogwirizana, General Seveso m'malo mwa France, General Susloparov m'malo mwa Soviet Union ndi akazembe Friedeburg ndi Jodl m'malo mwa Germany.

Malinga ndi chikalatacho, asilikali onse Germany anali kuleketsa kanthu onse ankhondo maola 23 m'dera nthawi pa May 8, 1945. Inali nthawi imeneyi World nkhondo yatha.

Pamene Susloparov kuuzidwa Moscow kuti Germany ndi chopanda malire kugonja zinachitika, anaphunzira kuti kale anali analamula kuti lowani zikalata.

chakuti kudzipereka anali Mukalowa mu Reims, kwambiri kukwiya Stalin. Moyenerera ankakhulupirira kuti anali anthu Soviet anavutika ndi zomvetsa wamkulu chotero unachita kwambiri chigonjetso, kotero kuyembekezera kuti chochitika mbiri kuchitika pamaso pa kugonja kwa ankhondowo-mkulu wa maiko onse wopambana, osati pamaso pa lamulo la adani. Ndi chintchito Stalin, onse anavomera, chikalata Mukalowa mu Reims, anaganiza kuganizira waukuluwo. The protocol chachikulu chinali kuti Mukalowa mu Berlin usiku pa May 9.

Komabe, pali maganizo zinalengedwa. Poyamba, chigonjetso chachikulu anakonza kulengeza mu mitu itatu ya anagwirizana mphamvu - Moscow, Washington ndi London pa nthawi yomweyo. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa Western Front a ku Germany anamvera zikhalidwe za Act ndi kuleketsa maudani, ndi pa nkhondoyo East ndi Red Army mpaka May 9.

wailesi German kale anatha kulengeza kutha kwa nkhondo pa May 7, kotero adani sanathe ayerekeze kuti palibe chimene chinachitika. Pa sikisi koloko madzulo pa May 7, Churchill anapulumutsa adiresi wailesi anthu ake, anayamikira chigonjetso British. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa chochitika chachikulu tinaphunzira ndi nzika US.

Mu USSR, uthenga wa chigonjetso analengeza pokhapokha kusaina mkulu ke mu Berlin ndipo pambuyo chiyambi cha kudzipereka Unyinji wa asilikali a German pa East Front - May 9, 1945. deti limeneli linali la Soviet anthu Chigonjetso Tsiku.