SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia": m'mbiri

Mbiri ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, ili ndi masamba angapo amene azambiriyakale ambiri mu West safuna kuwerenga. Ndi ponena yekha magulu mitundu Ulamuliro wa Nazi ofunika. Mutuwu ndi wosakhwima, ndi pa zochitika zaposachedwapa kum'mwera kum'mawa Ukraine, kuyenera ndi chopweteka.

Munthu akhoza kungowauzira kutchula mbiri ya SS magawano "wotchedwa Galicia"! Awa "Ankhondo wolimba" tsopano alemekezedwa mwa boma Chiyukireniya, kokha awo "anamanganso" nthawizina anadabwa ndi anamenyela wa Gestapo. Ndipo akunena kwambiri.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a nkhondo utsogoleri wa nationalists Chiyukireniya m'manda German boma "zofunika" kukhazikitsidwa mwamsanga mayunitsi mtundu asilikali, chimene chingalowe "achititsa kuti kugonjetsa Bolshevism." Nawa chabe woyamba khama lawo onse pachabe. Pamene eni German sanalabadire mkangano ili mwamtheradi chidwi. kupambana awo ankhondo kwambiri moti NZOSEKETSA chabe poona kuti iwo akhoza kusamalira mosek izi ndale.

Mu 1943, zinthu zingapo zasintha. Stalingrad anali umene asilikali Ridge Paulo anali zagonjetsedwa, panali nkhondo zina, mokhutiritsa debunked nkhani ya invincibility wa asilikali German. Mu February chaka chomwecho, a ku Germany anayamba kuganizira mmene ntchito polovchee "Chiyukireniya moyo" nationalists plugging mabowo kutsogolo.

Kujambula "ulemerero magawano"

Zimenezi anali werera ndi kazembe wa distilikiti, "wotchedwa Galicia" O. Waechter. Ambiri mwina, chigamulocho yomaliza ya analandira mwachindunji kwa mkulu wakale wa Himmler. Anasunga ena a mbiri yakale omwe amati chakuti kulengedwa kwa SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" anali woyamba takambirana awo March 1, 1943.

Kale March 28, 1943 Waechter limatiuza bwana wake kuti atsogoleri mtundu mokondwera anagwira mwayi "kutumikira Germany." M'katikati mwa April chaka chomwecho, Wachter msonkhano msonkhano chipani, omwe anali m'gulu pamwamba pa SS.

Iwo sanali kukoka, koma chifukwa pasanapite nthawi anaganiza anautsa SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia". Ophunzira a msonkhano anavomera pasadakhale kuti kupewa ntchito mawu akuti "apolisi" m'dzina la gulu kumene analenga. Mwachidule, iwo atagwirizana pa mapangidwe wapolisi wina thupi Chilango. N'zosadabwitsa kuti nationalists kusankha zida chimodzimodzi awo "anzake" ku magulu ena Chilango SS, pokhala atavala yunifolomu imvi. Pa ena, iwo amasiyana okha chishango wapadera kudzanja.

boma linalamula mapangidwe a SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" linasindikizidwa pa April 28. Posakhalitsa, woyamba magawano kulemba anthu usilikali anayamba kufika.

Pa peculiarities wa asilikali

Kuyenera anatsindika kuti asilikali a zinthu zatsopano munthu "wopatsa." chiphunzitso Izi zikutanthauza kuti tsankho sanaletse Germany yosankha asilikali a "riffraff Asilavo." Mtu afunga pa nsuwo kuti zinthu izi "osankhika wagawo" kokha mwamtheradi si European mtundu, amene maonekedwe bwino kulankhula za si chiyambi Aryan.

ntchito zokopa

Pa tsiku la buku la dongosolo la mapangidwe magawano Waechter anapereka malangizo chinsinsi. Iwo limanena momveka bwino kuti akuluakulu a nationalists apilo Mulimonsemo sayenera ngakhale Zokuthandizani pa chakuti kuthandiza Germany. The Commission anali kuganizira kokha "kukamenyana Bolshevism." Ngakhale iwo chidule SS umaimira "Sich Riflemen" kumene kunachitika ndi kuphulika mu undereducated, malo yosatukuka.

Pa yemweyo nyimbo akupangira ndi kugawikana SS "wotchedwa Galicia", muli mawu ambiri za "ukulu wa mtundu", koma sakunena za utumiki kwa Ulamuliro wa Nazi.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ogwira

Kumayambiriro kwa June, anthu 81,999 ndiwo anawerengedwa umboni. Mwalamulo, 52.875 a iwo mu chiphunzitso cha utumiki Atengedwa anakana 29 124. Koma tisaganize kuti foni nthawi yomweyo anasiya mogwirizana kubwezeretsa zonse. Choyesera ntchito lotsogoleredwa ndi K. Schulze amene anachita ya kulemba anthu usilikali mpaka August 1944, ndi "redecorating" scruffy anachita pafupifupi mpaka kumapeto kwa 1945, mankhwala nkhondo.

Popeza yolimbikitsa anali mayendedwe zachitika ku Germany amakuonani magawo angapo. Ikufotokoza chakuti SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia", anthu amene chithunzi m'nkhani anali yosiyana kwambiri mfundo. Kuwonjezera pa anthu 11.578 amene yokhala adapitilira maphunziro apadera maphunziro, dziko la Germany pomwepo panali regiments zisanu zina ndi battalion mmodzi wa 'zochuluka'. Izi regiments ndi battalions yomweyo zapita tingachipeze powerenga akufa pochita apolisi, amene pansi onse kugwirizana zina Chilango.

Ntchito njira akulembedwa

Posachedwa kunapezeka kuti anaimba "zinthu" ndi bwino sikokwanira chifukwa cha zomvetsa nthawi zonse nkhondoyo, choncho anayamba ntchito osati boma kusodza gulu odzipereka, komanso mphamvu yapadera, amene ndawala yolimbikitsa zachiwawa achinyamata. Zinadziwika mwa mwezi wa June 1944, pamene Ukrainians okha anayamba kwathunthu kumva kuchuluka wake "kudzipereka kwa Ulamuliro wa Nazi." Achinyamata kolala yomweyo anatumiza kutumikira mu thanki magawano SS "Hoenshtaufen" ndi "Frundsberg", kuti dzinja lili chabe pafupi ndi mzindawo.

Monga gwero zotchipa Chiyukireniya "chuma" ntchito ndi magulu ena German pali m'madera anthu ongodutsawo. Iwo zonse anatengedwa mu utumiki wa khumi ndi ochepa anagwira "dziko lawo la Ukraine." M'midzi pafupi Lviv ndi makonzedwe German sanali kuwerengera ndi mahang'ala ake mtundu, kwathunthu rewriting popanda chilolezo cha anthu onse. Zinali nkhokwe lalikulu la anthu ogwira ntchito, zimene Germany panthawi imeneyo kuyambira amasowa anaphonya. Anthu anayamba kukatenga osati misewu, komanso mwachindunji ku boma.

Ngakhale mu "Chiyukireniya dziko lawo" wa Mpingo sizikanatha otetezeka monga "ntchito Fuehrer" iwo anapita molunjika kwa utumiki. Pa nthawi imeneyo ngakhale nationalists kwambiri kusankha mwina koma zindikirani vuto la makamu awo kutsogolo, kotero nkhondo kukhoza osati mwachangu. Akukhulupirira kuti SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" (chithunzi mbendera za izo ziri mwa zinthu izi) chinaperekedwa kudzera zosachepera 32 zikwi ankhondo.

Lamulo ndi malo m'kaundula

Choyamba, udindo kugwira ntchito kwa mayunitsi apolisi latsopano anatumizidwa ku SS-Brigadeführer Schiemann. Koma mu positi anakhalabe kokha mpaka pakati pa November 1943. Posakhalitsa anakhala mtsogoleri wa wotchedwa Galicia Oberführer SS Fritz Freitag, amene kumapeto kwa April anali mwalamulo kupereka mutu Brigadeführer (analogue a yathu yaikulu-ambiri mu Waffen-SS).

makonzedwe amenewa iye lamulo amayambidwa chifukwa chakuti munthu uyu zinachitikiranso wolemera mayunitsi lamulo apolisi ndipo ankadziwa zenizeni wogwira nawo ntchito limodzi. Karate alonda German anam'chitira ndi kunyoza changu: Freitag Sichinatsitsidwe anapita nkhondo iliyonse, analibe yankho za machenjerero ndi njira asilikali a moyo.

Ambiri, Chiyukireniya SS magawano "wotchedwa Galicia" wakhala ngati "choopsezera mbalame" mwa Nazi monga wa ku Germany kupita ku yekha wopanda pake, mediocre, kapena wamantha alonda. Ndithudi, izo zinali zoyenera karate khalidwe la kugwirizana.

Choyamba, zambiri za anthu a pa imapezeka "Gaydelagere", ndipo kuyambira chiyambi cha 1944, izo zinabindikira mu Noygamere (Silesia, Germany). Komabe, July 18, 1943, pamene mtanda loyamba kulemba anthu usilikali anachokera mudzi, choyamba iwo anayikidwa mu msasa "Gaydelager" (pafupi Dębica), ndipo kenako anapanga boma mapangidwe awo regiments apolisi.

The ntchito choyamba nkhondowo

Kumayambiriro a 1944 ku Berlin akubwera ndi lamulo mwamsanga kufunika kwa mapangidwe oyambirira a "magulu nkhondo" kumenyana ndi zigaŵenga zankhondo za Poland ndi USSR. Inakhazikitsidwa mwamsanga ndi battalion, iye anapatsidwa batire mfuti kuwala, ndiye gulu atabalalika mzinda wa Poland. Choncho 14 Grenadier Division wa SS "wotchedwa Galicia" anayamba njira yake moona choyalutsa.

Total mapangidwe magulu ofanana yatha mu tsiku, zomwe zinali zoti akazipereke potsimikizira-zigawenga pafupi ndi mzinda. Kenako, utsogoleri Nazi anali kudziŵika kuti onse a mayunitsi "opareshoni ndithu bwinobwino." Koma Germany akusonyeza unanimity chogunda, osati poyesa kujambula kwambiri awa "kupambana".

Komabe, zikuonekeratu kuti "molimba mtima kumenyana" Division yekha ndi amphamvu ankaona kuti aukire woyamba osalakwa unarmed. Pokhapokha mwamtheradi sakanachitira mwina, "asilikali ankhondo olimba mtima" analowa moto kukhudzana ndi zigaŵenga zankhondo, kuti nkhondowo amene SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" Ndipotu, ndipo wakhala anapanga.

Woyamba "anamanganso" a wotchedwa Galicia

asilikali Soviet anali mwayi zokwanira kugwila laulemerero kugwirizana Archive, amene akutumikirabe umboni monga wosatsutsika kumenyana "zikayenda" wa Nationalists Chiyukireniya. Pali buku loyamba kwa Regiment chachinayi ... Total kuvulaza za 12 anadza ndewu ndi zigaŵenga zankhondo lapansi. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya padziko lapansi anali napukuta m'mudzi Guta Penyatskaya ndi Benyaki. Nyumba wolimba nationalists kutenthedwa. Pamodzi ndi anthu awo, kumene. Okwana iwo apha osachepera 800 wamba wamba, amene anali akazi ndi ana ambiri. Komabe, mbendera SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" sanali ankaona mbendera asilikali kwenikweni, chifukwa pa mthunzi wake kumenyana okha "anakana" alonda German ndipo nationalists anasankha amene ambuye awo ndi anthu osaganizira.

Mu Ternopil ankatumikira Chiyukireniya Wehrmacht anaposa. Pamene chifukwa counterattack a ku Germany anakhoza akhalenso mbali ya mzinda, nyama Anakaŵeta opulumuka mu umodzi wa mipingo, ndiye onse kutenthedwa. Mu Lviv kwawo anapha pafupifupi anthu masauzande Zolochev chinkhoswe mu Kuphedwa Unyinji wa asilikali analanda wa Red Army. Small tawuni Olesko iwo kwenikweni chidzawonongedwa kwathunthu, koma anapha "yekha" anthu 300.

Izi "kuwolowa manja" chifukwa ena okhala anawatumiza ku ntchito yokakamiza ku Germany. Ngati panalibe Germany mu kufunika akapolo, magazi okhetsedwa kwambiri. Nationalists akukonda kupha iwo amene sakanatha kuwapatsa kukana. Makamaka, SS magawano "wotchedwa Galicia" tinaonera ndi onse Mbali imeneyi ya mbiri yake.

tsoka Brody

Koma anali kukhota, ndipo izi "asilikali ankhondo olimba mtima" kukumana nawo nkhondo yeniyeni ndi asilikali akatswiri, osati ndi anthu wamba unarmed. SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" pansi pa Brody anali "zida zonse", pokhala okonzeka ndi msilikali ku 29, 30 ndi regiments 31. Komanso, wakhala zimachitika kwambiri ozimitsa ena mankhwala ena.

Pa nthawiyi ake "tithe ulemerero," anali alonda 346, si analamula kapitawo mu 1131 ndipo 13822 asilikali. Choncho, mphamvu okwana anali 15.299 ankhondo. Kuchokera "Brody mphika" ndi sinawonongeke anathawa 1,000 okha ndi 1,200 omenyana malo battalion, amene anali mwayi zokwanira kukhala mwa lazungulira.

mazana angapo nationalists anakwanitsa seep kuchokera lazungulira m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, amene kupewa atasemphana momasuka ndi asilikali Soviet. A okwana 15 zikwi anapulumuka zosaposa 1/5 ya anthu a pa. Zimenezi kamodzinso anatsimikizira kuti mfundo kuti apolisi nkhondo lotseguka sikuthandiza chilichonse. awo onse "olimba mtima" Mwa nkhanza ndi anthu wamba ndipo akaidi, asilikali unarmed.

Komabe, kutsekera anali chiwonongeko chotheratu cha SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia". Pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Brody kunali kokha nkhani ya nthawi.

Komanso kumenyana njira

Mu February 1944, ndi Regiment chachinayi unasamutsidwa pansi Ternopil, kumene mamembala ake ali nawo yimitsira za kayendedwe zigawenga. Zitatero, iwo ankachita milandu ayi kukaniza patsogolo asilikali Soviet.

Yotsala ya magawano kunditumiza ku France, kumene maphunziro zina asilikali unachitikira. M'chaka cha pafupifupi nationalists onse anatumizidwa ku Noygamer. Nthawi iwo anapitiriza ntchito polimbana ndi French fundo.

Choncho, nkhani ya SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" m'lingaliro nkhondo, kwenikweni zinali zochititsa manyazi mwamtheradi: nkhondo yeniyeni Ukrainians nawo okha kuchokera March kuti July. Iye atatha kwathunthu wosweka ndi Brody, zotsala ake achisoni kwathunthu reshape Dipatimenti ya apolisi, ndiyeno ntchito yokhayo m'munda umenewu.

Slovakia ndi Yugoslavia

Pa chiyambi cha October 1944 anapuma nationalists, amene tithe ndiye anatsanulira zambiri "odzipereka" alemba ntchito mwachindunji kwa msewu, wotumidwa Slovakia. Pali "Aryans wolimba" ankachita chinthu bwino ndiponso wosangalatsa kwambiri yekha, kupondereza zigawenga kuyenda. "Dirlivangera brigade" ankadziwika kuti nkhanza zake kuzipeleka kwa Ukrainians. Mamembala ake akadali bwino kukumbukiridwa mu Belarus, monga chikumbumtima miyoyo yawo ambiri mwankhanza anthu.

Kodi SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" anali yemweyo ndiye anandituma? Brody mwangwiro anasonyeza kuti nationalists achabechabe ntchito yolimbana ndi mayunitsi zonse za asilikali a Soviet, koma chifukwa iwo anatumizidwa ku Carinthia, kumene anathamangitsa partisans Yugoslavia. Apa Galicians ndipo anakhala onse miyezi yomaliza ya nkhondo.

Mu 1945 izo zimaponyera asilikali akadali pa gawo German, kuyesa kukakamiza kamodzi "molimba mtima kuonetsa mmene asilikali Soviet." Pachabe chiyembekezo. Atangomva mbendera mtunda Kachisisira asilikali UK "dziko lawo mtima wa Ukraine" ndi liwiro zosaneneka anathamangira ku ukapolo. Zinali gulu lomaliza fambani SS "wotchedwa Galicia" pankhondo.

M'tawuni ya Tamsweg, imene akaidi onse, British anakhazikitsa mfundo kusefera komwe poyamba ndi bwinobwino anagwira asilikali SS. Fritz Freitag mkulu wa uthenga zidagwa wakuda wozingwa ndi kudzipha. malo ake anatengedwa ndi Polish msilikali Paulo Shandruk. Komabe, nthawi zasonyeza bwino cholakwika Freitag. English positi mwa madzi zinawukhira zikwi Galicians, amene mwangwiro anakakhala England.

"Midsomer kuperekedwa"

Kodi n'chiyani chinachitikira "Ankhondo wolimba" wa magawano, amene kotero molimba mtima anathamangira adzipereke kwa wandende English? Kalanga ine, koma zotsatira zawo inali njira yabwino. Pali ambiri umboni wotsimikizira kuti mu 1945 UK anali zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu asilikali, yemwe anali chimodzimodzi basi mu "wotchedwa Galicia".

Pamene chaka cha 1999 ankakhala England chifukwa chimodzi ndi theka chikwi ngati ophunzira mwachindunji za zochitika, komanso ana awo. Boma UK zedi mphwayi delves ku mafunso awa. Ya zikwi zisanu ndi zitatu zigawenga British nkhondo natsutsa ... munthu. Izi "mwayi" Anton Sevenyuk.

n'chifukwa kukhulupirika zonsezi? Popeza kuti agonje "wolimba dziko lawo" monga dzina lina ... ndi Poland, amene yekha zaka zingapo zapitazo, anaphedwa mwankhanza. Fufuzani bwinobwino musakhale, kapena chidwi British m'magazi. Ndipotu, osati m'midzi ndi midzi unatenthedwa nyama.

Cha m'ma 90s ofesi osiyana, zomwe angafune kuti tichite "adani a zigawenga Nazi nkhondo," ndipo unatha nthawi zonse. ankatumikira Hitler, amene bwinobwino anagonjera ku British, potsiriza unatha mantha nthawi zina kuopseza kukhudzana ndi chilango. Pafupifupi anthu onse a zikalata choncho adakali wachinsinsi.

Ambiri, anthu a Albion Division wa SS "wotchedwa Galicia" odziwika. A filimu za wake, chimene anajambula mu England, ngati nationalists ndipo anawadzudzula nkhanza, koma pa nthawi yomweyo an'kanena ambiri mwa asilikali, kapena anatengedwa ndi mphamvu, kapena kugonja kwa "Apa chikondi chitsitsimutso cha Ukraine." Ndizo basi palibe mfundo zimenezi si zifukwa milandu awo akuluakulu.

zenizeni panopa

Chotero mbiri epic ndi lero ali kumatikumbutsabe ake. Choncho, SS Division "wotchedwa Galicia" mbendera akhoza kuziona pa zina za zochitika unachitikira mayanjano mwamwayi amene tayiwala mmene chisoni kwambiri anabweretsa nonhumans izi.