Vladimir Monomakh. mfundo yachilendo ndi zotsatira zake

Pakuti Russia mapeto a XI ndi kotala loyamba la m'zaka XII, zikamera wa pa wolamulira, Vladimir Monomakh, anali chipulumutso m'njira zambiri: chikhalidwe, achilendo ndi zoweta ndale, mabuku. Malinga ndi kufotokozera okha, iye sanali kokha States anzeru, komanso kwambiri munthu wokoma mtima, ngakhale ambiri a zochita zake ndi zinthu zofanana. Vladimir Monomakh, malamulo akumayiko akunja losiyana njira mokwanira okhwima, anakakamizika kuwalemekeza United Russian m'mayiko mayiko onse oyandikana nawo. Choncho, ngati khalidwe monga kukoma mtima, okhawo atsogoleri anzake, amene nawonso, kwathunthu Kumvetsela ku chifuniro cha mkulu wa Kiev.

Wopita ku mphamvu

Mdzukulu wa wotchuka Yaroslava Mudrogo, mwana wa ankakonda wake Vsevolod ndi (mwina) mwana wamkazi wa Byzantine Mfumu Constantine Monomakh, amene analandira dzina lakuti, Vladimir II anayamba kulowa mu ndondomeko ya mmene boma. Mu mkulu Pereyaslavl-South, iye anayamba ntchito yake ndi yosamalira retinue bambo ake. M'njira imeneyi, iye wavutika kulephera angapo nkhondo. Izi anamupatsa zinachitikira zina za nkhondo ndi zokambirana ndi mdani. Mu ulamuliro wa Smolensk ndi Chernigov kumtunda izo amapeza ulamuliro wa anthu ndiponso amapanga kumuwombera kuti ndi bungwe bwino komanso aluso.

Kale pa siteji iyi Tingaone kudzipereka kugawira ang'onoang'ono ndi zinthu wamba m'mayiko onse Russian, amene apitiriza kugwiritsa tsogolo Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomakh. mfundo yachilendo n'kovuta yimitsira wa encroachments pa madera akuwayang'anira ndi onse wongosamukasamuka ndi maiko otchuka, ngakhale monga Ufumu wa Byzantium. Pambuyo pa imfa ya bambo ake, amene analamulira Kiev, iye akanakhoza kutenga pa njira mphamvu, koma anasankha bwino kutsatira dongosolo la motsatizana analengedwa ndi Yaroslav anzeru, osati kuti asonkhezere ndi asapita kale zovuta pakati pa akalonga apachibale. Malinga ndi mfundo ya mkulu Kiev m'dziko anamukwiyira kusamalira Svyatopolk ndi Vladimir anali mu ulamuliro wa Pereyaslavl. Pa nthawi imeneyo, iye amachirikiza msuweni. Mwambo anayamba misonkhano kulamulira akalonga Russian, kukambirana mavuto ofanana ndipo akuyamba kanthu olowa chitetezo cha boma ku anawazunza Polovtsy.

Kunja ndi mfundo mkati mu ulamuliro Vladimira Monomaha

Popeza 1113, pambuyo pa imfa ya Svyatopolk, Vladimir Monomakh otchedwa m'dziko la Kiev, koma mfundo mkulu wasweka, izi mkulu ayenera kukhala Oleg. M'tsogolo, chochitika kwambiri kusokoneza ubale pakati pa banja ndi kuyambitsa nkhondo. kuloŵedwa m'malo ake ulamuliro zinachititsa kuti misa kusakhutira, makamaka kwa anthu osauka. Anayambika za zipolowe izi kunkakhala distemper, amene mofulumira limaleka latsopano Kiev Prince Vladimir Monomakh.

mfundo Vladimir Monomakh unkagwiritsidwa bwino ndithu. Izi mgwirizano wa mayiko onse osiyana Asilavo pansi pa mtsogoleri mmodzi. Ukulu kuthamanga ndi abale ake ndi ana, ayenera bwino kutsatira Kiev m'munda chuma ndi ndale. Kugwirizana kwa mayiko Russian kwachititsa kuwonjezeka kwambiri mphamvu asilikali a boma pochimanga monga mphamvu European, omwe sakanakhoza amanyalanyaza mitundu ina yonse. wolamulira Vladimir Monomakh mfundo mkati dziko anali zolimba akalonga, amene mphamvu zochepa komanso popereka chithandizo ku ntchito anthu wamba. Wake "hayala" anali umalimbana ndi kuthandiza osema, serfs, amene ntchito anapereka bata chuma dziko.

Komano, kalonga zinthu mwamphamvu ndipo kunkhondo. Polovtsi nthawi yaitali mantha dzina ana awo (Vladimir Monomakh). The mfundo yachilendo ya ulamuliro wake limanenedwa ngati kukhalabe zonse nkhondo wamagazi umalimbana kupitiriza ulamuliro wa boma ndi kuteteza malire ake. Iye akumenya mosalekeza ndi okhalamo steppe, Umapeza zipambano zambiri ndi kunena mapangano a mtendere. Kuyambira 1116 anawazunza Polovtsian pa Russia kwathunthu anasiya. mfundo yachilendo Vladimira Monomaha ndi Byzantium komanso ali ndi khalidwe mtopola. Kuyambira 1116 ali pa nkhondo ndi Agiriki, analanda mizinda ingapo pa Danube. Chifukwa cha kampeni ndi mtendere kutha 1123. Chidzukulu Monomakh wobwezera mkazi wa mfumu Byzantine. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu chizindikiro kufanana ndi mtendere pangano, ndipo anamaliza mabanja dynastic ndi olamulira a m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya (Hungary, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway).

cholowa chikhalidwe

Pa mapangidwe Russia monga boma limodzi, wotsika ndithu muyezo wa amoyo. Ndipotu m'mayiko anthu mafuko Asilavo kupitiriza kulili anthu wosazindikira. Mlingo wa chikhalidwe cha mayiko akale European pa nthawi imeneyo kuposa, koma Vladimir Monomakh, malamulo akumayiko akunja akusonyeza kusakanikirana kwa Europe, mofulumira kwambiri anabweretsa dziko kuti pa msinkhu wina wa chitukuko, nthawi yomweyo popanda kutaya chizindikiro cha mfundo Asilavo kuti alipo lero. ulamuliro wake unali ndi erection matchalitchi ambiri ndi akachisi, chitukuko cha kulemba ndi mabuku, zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga.

Tanthauzo la m'mbiri

Mu 1125, Vladimir Monomakh anafa. Palibe olamulira yapita ndipo anayamba sanalandire matamando zoterozo mu mbiri ndi nkhani wowerengeka. Iye anadziwika monga mtsogoleri anzeru ndi monga kalonga, luso ndi bwino asilikali, ophunzira, aluntha, ndi wachifundo. khama lake kugwirizanitsa mayiko Russian ndi yimitsira cha nkhondo zapachiweniweni ndi maziko mapangidwe boma lolimba komanso logwirizana, amene choyamba anaonekera pa mlingo lonse monga mnzake wodalirika komanso ndi mdani wamphamvu kwambiri.