Naval owonetsera zakale zovuta "Balaklava": kufotokoza, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

makilomita khumi kuchokera Sevastopol ndi kwabasi achisangalalo m'tauni - Balaklava. Posachedwapa, mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka za m'ma XX, izo zinali kutsekedwa kwa alendo. Chifukwa kuti anali mobisa panyanja m'munsi mwa Balaklava.

Pamene mu magulu a m'zaka za zana lomaliza tangoyamba Chidani nkhondo, United States ndi Soviet Union anayamba kumanga arsenals zida za nyukiliya ndi kuopseza kunyanyala njira kwa wina ndi mnzake, komanso kubwezera. Inali nthawi imeneyi zovuta zakale, Stalin anapereka kuti chinsinsi cha Beria: kupeza malo a m'munsi kunyumba ya sitima zankhondo Soviet, kuti amenye nyukiliya.

Posankha misonkhano yapadera anagwa ku Balaklava mtendere ndi bata. City yomweyo wachinsinsi monga mobisika, dzina lake mbisoweka ku maps of Crimea. mzinda chasanduka mu imodzi mwa madera Sevastopol, koma osati mwakale, ndipo makamaka chinsinsi: kuno mukhoza ankalowa ndi chilolezo chapadera. Stalin anadzionera okha afufuzidwa ndi kuvomerezedwa polojekiti chinsinsi m'munsi kwa kukonza ndi kusamalira sitima zankhondo. Kotero, kunali woyamba ndi yekhayo mu dziko la gombe mobisa, amene ali pa m'gawo lake chomera kukonza sitima zankhondo, wotchedwa - chinthu nambala 825.

Nawonso achichepere ali kuti?

Kamodzi chinsinsi mobisa tsinde, ndipo masiku ano panyanja zovuta "Balaklava" lili Bay homonymous, m'phiri Tavros. Iwo ali zotuluka awiri, ndipo khomo njira - kuchokera Bay lapansi. ndodo lace tambirimbiri. Mu chochitika cha vuto, phangalo watsekedwa ndi yaikulu caisson chipata, masekeli matani zana ndi makumi asanu.

Pa otsetsereka a kumpoto kwa phiri inamangidwa kunja kwa ngalawa panyanja. Komanso anatseka caisson. Tikumbukenso kuti onse tizibowo phiri anali luso yokutidwa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana masking kuti n'zovuta kwambiri kuti muzindikire zinali ngakhale pa mndandanda pafupi.

Mbiri ya nyumba

Lero mobisa panyanja owonetsera zakale zovuta ndi otchuka kwambiri kukopa Balaklava. History of ntchito chinsinsi anayamba kubwerera mu 1957. Kusunga chinsinsi anapatsidwa chinthu ikumangidwa anangotchula kwathunthu mtendere - GTS (City Telefoni Station) nambala 825. Pali mawu olembedwa yachiwiri achidule - "kapangidwe hayidiroliki". Ndi zambiri zomveka: anthu ochepa mwakhulupirira mu pomanga pofikira matelefoni m'phiri Tavros.

Akatswiri mu chilengedwe cha machitidwe amenewa amanena kuti palibe mmodzi wa iwo (declassified) ndipo lero kukula ndi mphamvu si kuposa m'munsi mwa Balaklava. Yomanga zinachitikadi mu masiteji, ndipo nthawi unagawidwa mosinthana anayi. omangawo mwatenga kuchokera thanthwe kumadzulo kwa phiri Tavros omanga kiyubiki mamita oposa mazana awiri zikwi dothi.

Choncho, panali kwambiri madzi njira, shopu, youma doko, arsenals, misewu mobisa, maofesi yosungirako, marinas, lamulo positi. Mtundu anatengedwa usiku zolinga mwachinsinsi, pamene yaing'ono kum'mwera tawuni anali m'tulo. Akulowa izo zimagulitsidwa ndi mwazisiya m'nyanja.

Cooperation ndi metrostroevtsy

Poyamba, yomanga a malo anapatsidwa akatswiri asilikali, koma mwadzidzidzi amakumana ndi mavuto pamene tikubooleza nthaka. Boma waganiza kubweretsa omanga yapansi, amene athandiza kumanga njira mobisa, kuya umene unali mamita oposa atatu. Pa mbali zosiyana za m'lifupi ranged ku mamita asanu ndi awiri.

Chinsinsi sitima zapamadzi m'munsi wotanganidwa m'gawo lalikulu (zoposa zikwi zisanu mamita lalikulu). m'dera madzi umene chinthu mamita zikwi zitatu. Gawo loyamba la chinthu (kukonza malo) anapatsidwa mu 1961. yosungirako mafuta zida mankhwala mafuta, voliyumu ya asanu ndi matani theka sauzande anadza ku malo chachiwiri, ntchito yomanga umene unakwaniritsidwa mu 1963. M'madzi zomera akhoza kumakhalamo zombo ziwiri. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti ngakhale masiku ano akatswiri ankhondo, chithunzi ichi ndi kokwanira.

M'chaka cha 1994 ndi m'munsi mwa nyanja anabwera sitima zapamadzi lomaliza. Kuyambira pamenepo, malo apadera linasiyidwa ndi chabe anafunkha.

Kodi zipangizo zimamangidwa?

Funso limeneli ndi lofunika kwa ambiri amene panopa amapezeka wapadera owonetsera zakale lovuta Balaklava. Kumbukirani kuti pomanga polojekiti zinachitikadi pa Cold nkhondo, pamene zinthu mayiko yomangika kwa malire.

m'munsi analengedwera kwa yokonza ndi kukonza ndi sitima zankhondo za kalasi 633 ndi 613. Pa gawo la chinthu kusungidwa zida zosinthira kuti sitima ndi m'madzi ordnance. Njira chapakati anali isanu ndi iwiri ya mitundu ya ngalawa, koma mwadzidzidzi ntchito operekedwa kwa kutumizgika zombo khumi ndi anai a makalasi osiyanasiyana.

Komanso, okonza anali m'ngalande wapadera (ngati mosayenera ndi nyukiliya) maboti madzi pa siteshoni madzi. Apa, kuwonjezera zida wamba, ndipo panali zida za nyukiliya.

kuipa zovuta

Akatswiri amakono kaŵirikaŵiri amati, kambilanani, ngati Nawonso achichepere wakhala wapadera ndi chinthu yabwino, kapena iye anali zovuta. Pa mfundo ya wapadera, monga ulamuliro, kodi osadzuka, za zolakwa maofesi, iwo ndithudi anali.

Pomanga siteshoni m'madzi, anayamba kubwera mu utumiki wa Black Sea zombo zitsanzo atsopano - 625 kalasi sitima zankhondo, omwe amayendera dizilo. Iwo sakanakhoza ikugwirizana njira anakhazikitsa. Komanso, dera la m'munsi ndinkachita ndithu kuti tikafike kumeneko, ngakhale patachitika namondwe ofooka.

Naval owonetsera zakale zovuta "Balaklava": kufotokoza

Ndi nyumba yaikulu, yomwe inali pansi pa dziko lapansi anali wokhoza kuti adziteteze bomba la nyukiliya - mwachitsanzo, ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa bomba la atomiki, mphamvu ya osachepera zana kilotons. Mu nkhani iyi, zida zonse, sitima zankhondo ndi ndodo ntchito kumeneko akanakhalabe sanamuvulaze.

Today panyanja owonetsera zakale "Balaklava" Sevastopol ndi lotseguka kwa obwera onse. Idamangidwa mu 2003, pamene chinthu nambala 825 anali declassified. Kutsogoleredwa maulendo zilipo kwa magulu a anthu makumi awiri. Ulendo nthawi - ola limodzi.

ulendo

Sitima zapamadzi Museum mu Balaklava angaonedwe mu imodzi mwa njira ziwiri akufuna. Kuweta ulendo - munthu pansi maola kuyenda mwa ndikuyenda pa mapiri Tavros. Mu ulendo zimenezi zimaphatikizapo maulendo cholinga chinsinsi maboti pogona, ngalande sitima ya nkhokwe ya zida za nyukiliya, chomwe tsopano n'kukhala yaikulu maholo chionetsero.

Njira yachiwiri ndi lalifupi: theka la ola mukhoza kufufuza Balaklava mobisa owonetsera zakale zovuta, kuyenda pa ngalawa, kutenga ulendo kudutsa njira mobisa, onani msonkhano kwa yokonza sitima zankhondo, pitani pa zana-mita youma doko, amene mamita asanu ndi atatu kuya ndi kuyang'ana wanga weniweni nyanja yomwe Iwo ankafunanso kuwononga mdani zolinga panyanja ndipo anali wokhoza kuononga zonse mu utali wozungulira 100 m.

chitsanzo Factory

Izi yaikulu zoyendera kulowera zikubweretsa maofesi yopanga. M'litali - mamita 296, kutalika mamita anayi ndi theka, m'lifupi - zinayi. chipinda anali kuwagwiritsa ntchito yonyamula torpedoes ku FPM ndi yobereka zida ndi zipangizo mu msokhano uno. Komanso, anali okonzeka ndi ndodo pogona.

mobisa doko

Mu zonse, amene poyamba amachezera Naval owonetsera zakale zovuta "Balaklava", chidwi ndi chipinda chino, amene anachita kukonza maboti. m'litali ndi mamita 505, m'lifupi mamita asanu ndi limodzi makumi awiri (pa malo osiyana). Komanso mobisa, ndipo zochokera youma doko - Gated njira gawo amene kutalika mamita zana ndi awiri.

Asanalowe bwato mu doko youma, linali litadzaza ndi madzi. Pamene chombo kupita pansi, madzi amawapopa mbatoma kukonza, chimene chinafika kwa masabata awiri kapena isanu ndi umodzi.

zida

Naval owonetsera zakale zovuta "Balaklava" lero lingapereke alendo kudzacheza ndi nkhokwe kumene anapitiriza zokwana mutu kwa torpedoes ndi mizinga, kuphatikizapo nyukiliya. Chipinda chino unagawidwa pawiri - luso ndi makonsolo, mmene muli kwambiri m'ngaka maziko a. Panali kusungidwa pabwalo zokwana. Kulowa pano zinangokhala anayerekezera, wopangidwa mwa akapitawo, ndi alonda chilolezo.

mfundo zosangalatsa

• Maboti mu ngalande zinali kokha usiku, ndi Balaklava nthawi adadula magetsi.
• Wall kudenga chimakwirira nkhokwe konkire wosanjikiza amene makulidwe ukufika mamita angapo.
• Utatha ngalawa kuti padoko, polowetsedwa mmadzi therefrom. A nambala yaikulu otsala pansi pa ogwira nsomba kukolola ndi kusuta. Mu County onunkhira utsi wafting imene anthu am'deralo anatsimikiza bwino kuti ngalawa lotsatira anayamba kukonza.

Naval owonetsera zakale zovuta "Balaklava": ojambula

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