Ndi m'chipululu waukulu mu America South chiyani? Mmodzi wa zipululu yaikulu m'dziko America South

Inu simukudziwa zimene ali m'chipululu waukulu ku South America? Choncho Tibwerera kwa inu: "Izi ndi Atacama!". Iwo lili kumpoto kwa dziko la Chile ndi kumadzulo adza kwa Pacific Ocean. mayiko amenewa amaonedwa louma kwambiri m'dziko - zaka mazana anai, uko silinkachitidwa mvula iliyonse yaikulu. Komanso Dziwani kuti ngati pali mndandanda aliyense akuluakulu m'chipululu cha dziko, ndi Atacama ndithudi ndi m`modzi wa iwo.

Kumasulira ambiri a m'dera

m'dera Natural wotchedwa Atacama lili Chile. Iwo anachokera ku malire ndi Peru ndi chimafikira kwa makilomita 1,000 kum'mwera, pamodzi ndi Pacific Ocean. Features kwa malo m'deralo kwagona kuti chipululu lonse lili okwera. Mkulu okwera kupereka dera rarefied mpweya timapitiriza zotsatira cheza dzuwa. Chamvula, chomwe chili chipululu ichi mu America South - zosaposa 10 mm pa chaka. Ena mwa malo ake si mvula kwa zaka zoposa 400. Ilo liri mu malo awa dziko la sterility mtheradi. Apa zomera, palibe nyama kapena zokwawa.

Ndipotu odabwitsa

apaulendo ambiri mudziwe chipululu waukulu mu South America, ndi kuti ambiri m'madera ake sali oyenera ngakhale moyo tizilombo. Koma anthu ochepa kuzindikira kuti anthu onse yomweyo amakhala m'mayiko awa! m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja anapanga ndi midzi ya asodzi, madoko ang'onoang'ono, amene amacheza ndi nyumba yaing'ono ya m'deralo. Pa avareji, pali za miliyoni. Komanso Dziwani kuti osati pa Pacific gombe, koma mu kuya kwa Atacama chipululu zilumba za chitukuko anthu. Pali anamanga zoyang'anira zakuthambo imene kuzipenya ali chaka chilichonse. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti malo amenewa ndi zoyenerera pa malo anaziika, chifukwa palibe mtambo.

chipululu nyengo

M'chipululu waukulu ku South America ndi kusiyana ndi nyengo youma dziko. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti pali nthawi yotentha ndi lina. Miyezi yotentha ya chaka pali ankaona kuti January. Nthawi imeneyi, thermometer akutionetsa pakati pa 18 ndi 20 Celsius masana. Usiku, thermometer akhoza kusiya kwa chizindikiro cha 5-7. July - pa mwake, mwezi ozizira. Masana kutentha pano ali mu osiyanasiyana 13-15 Celsius ndi usiku ukufika 0, chindichepere pali frosts. Zinali m'nyengo yozizira m'chipululu fogs amayambira. Mwina wina chidwi kwambiri anomalies achilengedwe. Mu nyengo iyi ya dera pa nthawi yomweyo youma kwambiri ndi chinyezi, chifukwa utsi kuti abwere ku Pacific Ocean.

Chifukwa dryness

Kamodzi ife tinapeza kodi m'chipululu waukulu ku South America, ife titembenukira kwa kuphunzira funso la chifukwa dera ndi louma kwambiri Komanso chifukwa amaonedwa kukhala driest mu dziko. Yankho lake ndi losavuta: "Chifukwa palibe ivumba." Koma ndi chifukwa chiyani anomaly izi, makamaka poganizira mfundo yakuti Atacama ili umakhala pafupi nyanja? chifukwa Zoonadi mu mgodi ichi - kapena kani, mu ozizira Humboldt Current, lomwe linachokera ku Antarctica. Mphepo kunyamula chinyezi madzi awa, utakhazikika pa ndalama zawo. Chifukwa, pali osakwanira kuchuluka kutentha mumlengalenga mvula. Pamene mphepo, amene angathe kubweretsa chimphepochi yonyowa ndi mbali yaikulu ya kulalikira, iwo samafuna apa. Kumalire a kum'mawa kwa Chile mitambo onse yochulukirapo apamwamba mapiri - Andes, chotero achipululu yaikulu ku America South popanda dontho limodzi lokha la madzi.

Chifunga Atacama M'chipululu

Yekha gwero la madzi ofunikira mu chipululu - ndi chifunga chimene yomweyo zitheke ndi camanchacas. Komabe, izi chodabwitsa mumlengalenga kuno ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi zimene ife tinkakonda kuwona m'dera lathu. Zitheke ndi camanchacas ndi wandiweyani kwambiri madzi mitambo yomwe ili pamwamba pa nthaka ndi otsika. mitambo izi zikusintha mu mame, amene amadyetsa madzi ochepa zomera chipululu. Ena mwa iwo ndi monga mitundu yonse ya cacti, Mumapezekanso, zitsamba zosiyanasiyana ndi zitsamba. Komanso, chinyezi izi kudyetsa mbalame m'deralo ndi tizilombo. Anthu aphunzira kupindula chifunga Only mu 80s Mu zaka zapitazo. Akamanena za ndondomeko ndi losavuta: anapereka mauna wapadera, zomwe akuzisunga chinyezi. Iwo ali pabwino vertically, pamene ufa ndi ili pansi pa iyo. Pambuyo chinyezi amakhala mmenemo, madzi chifukwa amalowa ufa, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu banja lonse.

Timapepala ulendo m'zigwa lopanda

Kwa zaka zambiri, ndi Atacama chipululu mu Chile ndi otchuka alendo kopita. Maulendo amagulitsidwa kuno m'mizinda m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Iquique, Arica, Calama, San Pedro de Atacama, ndi ena. Pano mukhoza kuyitanitsa wekha ulendo basi, amene akuphatikizapo kalozera. Iye adzakudziwitsani mbiri ya malo amenewa, mbali zake, kulankhula za zinthu zimene zimayambitsa pano ndi ulemerero wonse. Mukhozanso kubwereka galimoto ndi kudera paokha kukwera pa mtunda ichi. Komabe, musaiwale kutenga mapu ndi kutenga malangizo zonse zofunikira kwa anthu am'deralo, kuti tchuthi chanu sichikwiya Choopsatu weniweni.

Zakuthambo ndi mafilimu a kanema

Monga taonera, m'chipululu anamanga zoyang'anira ambiri kumene danga kuunikira moyo. Ambiri a iwo anaikira mu chigwa cha Moon, kuyambira dera limeneli ndi ambiri louma Atacama Choncho, pali thambo mowonekera. Komanso dziwani kuti limeneli kwadziwika mayeso danga luso. Pali ndinazolowera zikhalidwe latsopano rovers, ndi makina kuti ali mu kanjira pambuyo kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko wofiira. Mofananamo, imene ndi chipululu waukulu ku South America ndi zimene zokongola ndi wotchuka, wodziwika ndi atsogoleri. Izo zinali mu wotchuka Moon Valley anawomberedwa mafilimu ambiri mu mutu zakuthambo, komanso zigaŵenga ndi nkhambakamwa.

nkhani Age

Atacama mndandanda wa m'chipululu amakezana kuti kokha padziko lathuli. Inakhalapo oposa 20 miliyoni zapitazo, koma asayansi ena ngakhale pawiri chithunzi ichi. The chidwi kwambiri n'chakuti pa zaka zonsezi, mayiko amenewa akhalabe youma ndi wosabala. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, anthu anayamba kufufuza iwo 10 zikwi zapitazo. Awa anali mafuko a Amwenye, amene anasiya pa mayiko amenewa pa nkhani ya moyo wake. Mu zikhalidwe za nyengo youma amadziwikanso mwangwiro anasunga thupi kalekale - Achoka mu Mitembo yokhala.

Poyerekeza Atacama Chipululu ndi Akhristu ake

Lonena za m'chipululu lalikulu kwambiri, asayansi musaiwale kutchula malo achilengedwe mu mndandanda wake. Mu kusanja wa yaikulu louma ndi lopanda dziko kuti ali 21 malo. Kutsogolo kwa oterowo odziwika kwa chipululu, monga Antarctica, Sahara, kozizira zone chipululu, Arabia mchenga expanses wa Kalahari mchenga ndi zone Australia wofiira. Komanso pang'ono ikuluikulu kukula West Valley USA, komwe kulibe zinthu zamoyo. Koma apa n'zotheka kutsindika kuti Atacama, ngakhale amaona yaikulu ku chipululu wamkulu, pambuyo pa zonse, ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi ofanana mbali zina zachilengedwe. Palibe mchenga momwe Sahara ndi Namibia, palibe lililonse East oases ndi zomera herbaceous. Ambiri mwa Atacama - izo olimba thanthwe, miyala ndi miyala wothira mchenga. Komanso apa pali mapiri otsika, zomwe ndi chigwa komwe amazipanga kukongola nthawi iliyonse pachaka.