Ntchentche yothamanga: njira zothetsera

Ntchentche ndi ntchentche yoopsa kwambiri ya mitengo ya zipatso. Tizilomboti timayika mazira mu zipatso zamatcheri ndi yamatcheri. Pamene mphutsi zikuwoneka kuchokera mazira, amatengedwa kuti adye nyama. Chotsatira chake, zipatso ndi maenje amapangidwa pa zipatso, chifukwa cha zipatso zomwe zimabala ndi kuvunda.

Kodi tizilomboti timayang'ana bwanji?

Cherry ntchentche kuchoka ku kachitidwe kawirikawiri ndi kusiyanitsa sivuta kwambiri, chifukwa ndi tizilombo tochepa pafupifupi 3-5 mm kukula, kamene kali ndi thupi lakuda kwambiri ndi mizere yakuda 4 yakuda pamapiko akuonekera. Mutu, paws ndi chishango ndi mdima wandiweyani, ndipo maso ndi obiriwira.

Nthaŵi imayenda ntchentche

Munthuyu amathawira nthawi kuyambira May mpaka June. Kumalo akum'mwera - pafupifupi zaka khumi kale. Tizilombo timayamba kuwuluka pamene dziko lapansi likutentha kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kuli pamwamba pa madigiri a +18. Ntchentche zambiri zimagwira ntchito dzuwa ndi nyengo yotentha.

Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, ntchentche ya chitumbuwa imatengedwa chifukwa choika mazira okhwima ndi zipatso zobiriwira mutatha (1 dzira pa zipatso). Pambuyo masiku 7-10, mphutsi zooneka ngati nyongolotsi zikuwoneka kuchokera mazira. Kwa masiku 15-20, amadya mchere wa zipatso, kutsanulira katatu pa nthawiyi, kenako achoke pa chipatsocho ndikuyazama masentimita 2-5. Pazirombo zambiri zowonongeka, zowonongeka ndi zipatso 30%, ndi yamatcheri - pa 50-60%.

Kukula kwa tizilombo

Gawo la kutuluka kwa mphutsi la chitumbuwa ukuuluka ku mwendo wonyenga kumachitika kumapeto. Mtundu wake ndi lalanje-imvi, ndipo sichimasuntha. Pakatha maola 4-5 atabadwa, tizilombo timatulutsa mtundu, timatulutsa, timatsegula mapiko ndikuwulukira m'mamasamba. Kumadera akum'mwera kwa mayiko a ku Europe, kuthawa kwa tizilombo kumatenga kuyambira May mpaka July. Choyamba kuoneka amuna, ndipo patapita masiku 4-5 - kale ali akazi. Nkhuku zakudya zapadera zimapezeka kuchokera ku timadziti ta zipatso zopangidwa ndi masamba, zomwe zimakhala masiku 12-14.

Nthawi yosonkhanitsa

Ndikofunika kuti nyengo izizizira, komwe kutentha kuli kosachepera madigiri a +18, ngati pansipa +15, ndiye tizirombo ta chitumbuwa timakhala osasuntha, tisati tichite, komanso musaike mazira. Ngati nyengo imakhala yofunda koma mitambo, tizilombo timakhalabe tcheru ndikuyesera kubisa pamwamba pa nthaka kapena pansi pa tsamba la tsamba.

Ndondomeko ya dzira itagona

Mkaziyo amaika mazira ake mu zipatso zokoma za mbewu zolima. Ntchitoyi imakhala mphindi 4-5. Amaphunzira mabulosi, kenako amaika mazira mwa iye, ndipo amawafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane. Mwamsanga pamene ovipositor amathyoka, mkaziyo amatha ndipo, kusonkhanitsa mimba, amachotsa dzira. Pa zipatso zosapsa, malo a oviposition sakudziwika, ndipo zikuwoneka ngati dontho. Mzimayi amakhala pafupifupi mwezi umodzi ndipo amatha mazira 150.

Kutsirizira kwa ntchentche

Mankhwalawa amapezeka mkati mwa supuni patatha masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (6) pambuyo pa mphutsi. Mu dongosolo ili, wrecker hibernates. Madzi ambiri a etikoni onyenga ali mkati mwa malire a korona. Mapangidwe a pupa amapezeka m'nthaka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha (mpaka madigiri 10 °) ndi kuya kwa masentimita 5.

Cherry Fly: Kulimbana

Pali njira zambiri zotetezera munda wanu ku tizirombo zoopsa monga ntchentche.

Ndi bwino kudzala oyambirira mitundu yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri. Mitengo ya mitundu yotereyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi yomwe amasonkhanitsa tizilombo tilibe nthawi yoti tiyambe kuika mazira. Pakatikati ndi mochedwa mitundu ya yamatcheri yowonongeka kwambiri.

Nthawi zonse, kupatula m'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kumasula pansi pamtundu wa thunthu pansi pa chitumbuwa ndi mbewu za chitumbuwa. Njira yophweka ikhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri chiwerengero cha tizirombo.

Kodi mungachite bwanji ndi ntchentche yothamanga? Ndi njira zina ziti zomwe zilipo? Ngati matenda omwe ali ndi tizilombo m'munda ndi aakulu, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo topopera mankhwala. Chitani mankhwala osachepera awiri. Kupopera mbewu koyamba kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa maulendo a chitumbuwa, pamene dothi limatenthedwa mokwanira ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya kumapamwamba kusiyana ndi madigiri a madigiri.

Mukhoza kuphunzira kuphulika kwakukulu kwa tizilombo tomwe timakhala ndi mthethe. Pa nthawiyi ndikofunikira kupopera malo, kumene tizilombo timachokera. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito nyambo zachikasu zomwe zimapachikidwa pamtengo. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kupanga ndi dzanja lanu: gwirani pepala la chikasu pa chikwangwani ndipo gwiritsani ntchito phula la ALT pamwamba pa mawu achikasu (akugwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi mbewa, komanso mabotolo). Ngati anthu oposa 20 atsekereredwa pamsampha, izi zikutanthauza kuti kuphulika kwakukulu kwa tizilombo tayamba kale, ndipo kulimbana ndi ntchentche ya chitumbuwa ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kupopera mbewu kwapadera kumafunika patatha masiku 10-15, koma pasanathe masiku 14 asanakolole. Pofuna kuchiza mtengo wa chitumbuwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachiza tizilombo touluka, monga Karate, Iskra, Aktara, Molniya ndi ena. Ngati mukugwira ntchito mobwerezabwereza, m'pofunika kusintha njira, kuti ntchentche zisamangokhala zovuta kwa iwo. Komanso musaiwale kuti musambe maluwa musanawagwiritse ntchito chakudya, mosasamala kuti mukukonzekera.

Pakati pa kupopera masamba a zomera, muyeneranso kugwira ntchito panthaka yozungulira, chifukwa pali ntchentche yothamanga.

Ngati kulimbana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwaziwiya sikuyenera, ndiye kuti mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochizira. Mukangotentha, chitumbuwa chimatulutsa madzi okoma kuchokera ku (madzi a madzi, kvass, mowa kapena kuzimitsa), kuziphatikiza mitsuko kapena mabotolo a pulasitiki okonzedwa ndi kuwapachika pamtengo. Chomera chimodzi chidzakwanira 4-5 mitsuko. Ndi bwino kuwapachika molondola mu korona wa chitumbuwa chikhalidwe. Kusakaniza mumitsuko imayamba kuyendayenda, ndipo tizilombo tonse timathamangira ku fungo ili. Zidzakhala zofunikira kusunga zitsulozo, pamwamba pa madzi atsopano, komanso kuchotsa tizilombo tina.

Ndikofunika kuyesa kuchita, monga momwe zingathere, kukonzanso kwathunthu ndi mofulumira kwa chitumbuwa kapena zipatso za chitumbuwa. Ngati ndondomekoyi ikuchitika m'magulu angapo, ntchentche yotchedwa cherry idzatha kuwononga zipatso zina zonse zosagwidwa. Mukakolola, musasunge zomera ngakhale zipatso zokha. Mwa iwo komanso mphutsi za tizilombo tingathe kuwuka.

Pambuyo kukolola kwathunthu, muyenera kuchotsa zinyama pansi pa mbeu, kuchotsa pa siteti kapena kuziika theka la mita mita. Njira iyi ikhoza kuthetsa kupyolera kwa mphutsi zatsopano pansi ndi maphunziro awo kumeneko.

Zidzakhalanso zofunikira kuti musamapangitse chitumbuwa cha aphid, chifukwa ndi zokoma zake zokhazokha tizirombo ta chitumbuwa. Mofanana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zidzakhala zofunikira kulimbana ndi nyerere. Amagwiritsanso ntchito makina awo osungirako mankhwala ndikukhazikitsa nthambi zazing'ono za zomera. Pansi pa mitengo, mukhoza kulima chinachake chomwe chimayambitsa ntchentche, mwachitsanzo, marigolds kapena marigolds. Zidzakhalanso bwino kupopera yamatcheri ndi masamba a fodya, decoction wa chitsamba chowawa kapena kuchepetsedwa m'madzi ndi sopo (ndiwonjezeredwa kuti madzi amamatire bwino masamba).

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena kumapeto kwa mvula, m'pofunika kupanga zozama kwambiri za nthaka ya chikhalidwe cha pafupi-siyana mpaka 20-25 masentimita. Choncho chitumbuwa chiwuluka mu chitumbuwa kapena chitumbuwa sichidzatha kuzizira ndikupanga zida.