Olenek Mtsinje: pakamwa, gwero, makhalidwe. Ali mtsinje Olenek?

Today n'kovuta kupeza malo pa mapu, amene si kukhudzidwa ndi chitukuko. Komabe, iwo kulibe. Malo oterowo opatulika amatanthauza chodabwitsa Siberia mtsinje Olenek ili mu kumpoto cha kumadzulo Yakutia.

Gwero la mtsinje, ndi malangizo a pakamwa

magwero Olenek amatenga kumapiri a Janka mu Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Kuyambira pamenepo, mtsinje amanyamula madzi ake kum'mawa, pang'onopang'ono kusintha zimene kumpoto chakumadzulo. Pa njira, lomwe ndi makilomita 2270, izo mitanda woyamba chapakati Siberia Plateau, amene amakhala ndi kuchepetsa ndi kukacha kuti mamita 600. Apa mtsinjewo tortuous ndithu, ali mathithi ambiri ndi shoals. Pakati pawo, wotchuka kwambiri ndi moti - Ukoyan. The mtsinje ndiye umayenda mwa zigwa mapiri Titafika pamalo. Mbali yaikulu ya beseni wake, malo okwana makilomita lalikulu kuposa 200 zikwi, ili kupitirira Arctic Circle. Billabong Olenek Oleneksky ili mu Gulf, kutanthauza Nyanja Laptev. Ndipamene ankadziwana, dera padziko makilomita lalikulu 475.

Chigawo wakumpoto wa m'deralo, amene amayendetsa Olenek amatanthauza Arctic zone nyengo, ndi mbali zina - kuti subarctic lapansi. Mbali A cha mabacteria izi lalikulu matalikidwe ndi kutentha pachaka otsika kwambiri mvula. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa yozizira lonse okwana awo imagwera pakati pa 20 ndi 40 millimeters. Chipale kuphimba mtsinje beseni lotayirira, popanda kutumphuka, chifukwa m'firiji pamtunda pafupifupi kwina.

malo okongola uko kumene mtsinje akupanga lakuthwa nayenso Olenek. Pano pa magombe a ataliatali ovuta, amatikumbutsa makoma phompho, zipilala ndi zipilala. Mu malire chapamwamba za pansi ndi a mtsinjewo okutidwa ndi timiyala. Ndipo pambuyo kujowina cha kuchuluka lalikulu Arga-Sala mu mzere yaitali mchenga imene ili pafupi pafupipafupi ndi tizilumba tina.

hydrology

Mtsinje boma Olenek anatsimikiza ndi nyengo ya m'derali, chimene chikuchitika. Ngati mitsinje onse a Siberia, ndi Far East, lili Olenek yotentha chigumula, amene chikondwerero ku June mpaka September. Izo wakudya makamaka mvula ikugwa mu chilimwe, ndipo meltwater. kumwa madzi pafupifupi kiyubiki mamita 1210. m / s.

Chifukwa nyengo yapadera ya m'dera limene mtsinje Olenek ku malire ake chapamwamba, dziwe zonse peremerzaet kuchokera January mpaka April. Mu malire m'munsi mwa nthawi yomweyo ya yaitali - mu theka lachiwiri la September ndi mapeto a May.

Wopitiriza Madzi oundana ku Olenek beseni ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa kutentha kwa madzi, imene nthawi kuchokera September mpaka mapeto a May chikondwerero pafupi kwambiri ziro. Pachaka kutentha ndi madigiri 3.4. The makulidwe pazipita ayezi okuta mtsinje Olenek ku yophukira kufikira masika, ndi 244 cm. A kale kwambiri ndithu chizindikiro. Pa gawo la Vilyui yachonde kumene mtsinje zimachokera Olenek ndi Madzi oundana, kutalika kwa amene ali makilomita oposa theka.

The makhwawa chachikulu

Wa makhwawa onse yaikulu ndi Arga-Sala, ukuyenda pa 1528 Km from m'kamwa ndi umene uli m'malire a malire chapamwamba kwa mtsinje Olenek. Utali Arga-Sala ndi makilomita 554. mtsinje umenewu umayenda zambiri mu malo okwera Middle, ndi kupanga mitsinje awiri (lamanja ndi lamanzere Arga-Sala) ndi kuchuluka kwa pamakomo osiyana. Yambani wanu amatenga pafupifupi malo amodzi ndi gwero la Olenek mtsinje angochoka.

The tributary wachiwiri kukula - mtsinje Bur, yomwe ili pafupi ndi pakamwa. m'litali ndi pafupifupi 500 makilomita. Pambuyo pa confluence a Olenek inflow akuthamanga kumpoto cha kumadzulo pamodzi lokwera Chekanovskii. Siligir mtsinje - lamanja inflow la mtsinje Olenek ku malire pakati (344 makilomita) chomwenso ndi chimodzi cha yaikulu. Popangidwa ndi confluence a Usuki-Siligir ndi Ortho-Siligir. makhwawa Other (Unukit, Birekte, Beenchime, Kuyoka ndi ena), ngakhale kuti ankaona lalikulu, ndi kutalika laling'ono kwambiri ndi dera dziwe.

The nyama ndi zomera chigwa mtsinje

Pafupifupi gawo lonse limene mtsinje umayenda Olenek, zomera ndi zochepa kwambiri ndipo sasiyana zosiyanasiyana. Iwo ankaimira mbali yaikulu ochepa nkhalango deciduous. Pa otsetsereka a m'zigwa malowo amakhala lolemererapo. Nthawi zina inadza malo wotanganidwa ndi birch, msondodzi kapena mpesa. Pa malo chatsanulidwa nkhalango deciduous thinned spruce. Mitengo pano angafikire ndi kutalika mamita 12.

Udzu - m'chipani. Danga lalikulu pambuyo pake kwa mtsinje ndi Titafika pamalo umboni, amene ali ndi Moss, ndere ndi slankoy. Komanso, anayambanso chitsamba chilichonse wosanjikiza, kudzera mwa rosemary zakutchire, mabulosi abulu, bearberry, ndi zina zotero. D. Zochepa cranberries wamba, rosehips, wofiira currant ndi yofanana ndi mkungudza.

Nyama pafupifupi dziko lonse lapansi anapezeka pafupi ndi mtsinje caribou, mimbulu, weasels, Nkhandwe ziri ndi hares. Koma zokwawa mderali sapezeka konse.

nsomba mtsinje

Mtsinje Mbali Olenek anati zinthu zimene zinachititsa kuti kufalitsa zinyama nsomba m'njira pafupifupi sinkapezeka pano carp nsomba. zifukwa zingapo izi - ndi kutentha, ndipo okha oyenera malo kuswana, komanso ambiri adani.

Zonse mu zonse, mu mtsinje, pali mitundu 27 yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba. Awa, ambiri ndithu - mumapezeka nsomba, nsomba woyera, whitefish, goldilocks. Iwo amafalitsidwa onse m'dziko Olenek Mtsinje. Mukhoza kupeza Pike, nsomba, burbot. Pa gawo mtsinje, yomwe ili pafupi ndi pakamwa, kupita kupyolera nsomba - whitefish, Cisco, whitefish, linunda whitefish. Kunyada kwa mtsinje ndi mumapezeka nsomba Olenek. Ena toyesa modetsa polemba kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 30-40.

Rafting pa mtsinje Olenek

Malire chapamwamba ya mtsinje, kumene kuli malo ambiri abwino nsomba, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa rafting pa catamarans, mabwato ndipo kayaks. Nthawi yabwino uyu akubwera mu June, chigumula. Pa kugawanika kotereku kumachitika angapo ndi mafunde amphamvu bwino nsomba. Mbali n'kotheka aloyi (Alakita inflow m'kamwa kwa Olenek Pamudzi) kudzera breakages kwabasi kwambiri ndi outcrops miyala.

Zonsezi amakopeka okonda ambiri panja. Pamene aloyi ndi bwino kupita pafupi ovuta, pamene zonse kuwunika mozama. Pansi mosavuta kuonekera malo aliwonse, chifukwa madzi mu mtsinje ndi loonekeratu. Compliance ndi miyezo asachite - chikhalidwe zofunika kwambiri. Mu malo awa m'chipululu mulibe kudalira thandizo winawake.

The ntchito chuma mtsinje

The malangizo zikuluzikulu za ntchito zachuma pa mtsinje ndi nsomba Olenek. Nsomba ndi makampani onse boma akumeneko ndi ochepa anthu zakwawoko akuona - mtundu mwambo wa nsomba. Advantageously nsomba ikuchitika m'dzinja ndi yozizira pambuyo pake. Mu ichi mbali ya mtsinje chitukuko kutumiza. Ntchito zonse yophera nsomba mosamalitsa motsatira malamulo feduro.