Petr Arkadevich Stolypin: mbiri chithunzi pa maziko a chi

Petr Arkadevich Stolypin ndi imodzi mwa manambalawo olemekezeka ndi zofunika kwambiri za mbiri Russian pa kuwuka kwa Mafumu. moyo wake wonse anali odzipereka ku ntchito ya boma. Iye anali bwanamkubwa m'madera awiri, mtumiki mkati ndi nduna yaikulu, ndipo maganizo ake kusintha miyoyo ya anthu ambiri nzika.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Stolypin anabadwa mu 1862. Iye anali kuimira m'banja lapamwamba lolemera. Ndakatulo Mikhail Lermontov anali msuweni wachiwiri. Peter anakhala ubwana wake woyamba mu malo wakunja kwatawuni, ndiyeno m'chigawo Kovno. Iye anaphunzira pa Vilna ndi Orel (bambo wake anali usilikali ndipo nthawi zambiri zinasintha malo ake okhala).

Maphunziro Stolypin, chithunzi mbiri imene simungakhoze kuchita popanda kufotokoza unyamata wake, analandira ku St. Petersburg Imperial University mu sayansi ndi masamu luso.

boma bwino

zaka khumi ndi zitatu (kuchokera 1889 mpaka 1902), msilikali wamng'ono unachitikira Kovno, kumene adali chigawo polimbana wa amazikonda anthu otchuka. Kenako anakhala kazembe wa Grodno ndi Saratov. Icho chiri mu mzinda uno wa Volga, Stolypin, amene ali chithunzithunzi mbiri za iye monga womenya ndi kuukira boma, iye anakomana ndi nkhondo Chirasha Japanese ndi zoopsazi 1905.

Mu Saratov, komanso m'dziko lonselo, zipolowe kunabuka. Peter Arkadevich anatha bwinobwino zingachepetse chigawo wamng'ono. Apa, Echo wa zisinthe yosesa ndi padera.

Mtumiki wa Mkati ndi nduna yayikulu

kupambana Stolypin anali anaona ndi mfumu. Nicholas anamuika Minister za Mkati. positi sanali chimene ndoto Stolypin. Chiyambi m'mbiri ya nyengo chithunzi likufotokoza kuti Yehova ndi othandiza kwa dongosolo akale. Ndi chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwake kwa ufumu, iye sakanakhoza kukana mfumu.

Patapita miyezi ingapo iye anakhala nduna yaikulu. Mbiri chithunzi cha Peter Stolypin simungakhoze kuchita popanda kutchulidwa nkhondo ake okhazikika ndi Duma. Socialists sanalole kuti malamulo. Chifukwa cha ichi, awiri a nyumba yamalamulo anali kusungunuka patsogolo ndandanda, ndi Nduna anakhala odious munthu olekerera ndi kutsutsa ena.

Kodi wina ndi chithunzi mbiri ya Stolypin? Mwachidule, iye anayesetsa kachitidwe kakale. Komabe, anali nayonso mphamvu yonyengerera. Mwachitsanzo, m'madera kumadzulo anaonekera bungwe chigawo. Pa nthawi yomweyo Nduna anayambitsa kudziyimira pawokha zochepa Finland mu Russian Ufumu.

Stolypin Petr Arkadevich (chithunzi mbiri mwina koyamba amaoneka ngati otsutsana) anali kwenikweni zogwirizana kwambiri munthu ndi zolinga ndi mfundo zake.

kuphedwa

Stolypin Ndizovuta maganizo pa nkhani zambiri kwachititsa osati kutsutsa andale onse, koma loopsa mwachindunji moyo. Zinali ndithu 11 zoyesayesa (ine ndikuganiza chithunzi ichi angafanane yekha ndi chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda analephera zigawenga ndi Alexander II).

Nthawi yoyamba pa Stolypin zinachitika pa nthawi imene iye anali bwanamkubwa wa Saratov. Komabe, pofuna uyu anali bwino m'bungwe ndipo anabwera kanthu patsogolo.

Kuphulika pa chisumbu cha Apothecary

Pamene Petro Abramovich anasamukira ku St. Petersburg, ku likulu akumuyembekezera phewa ozizira. Mu August 1906, inaphulika pa Nyumbayi linapangidwa boma, kumene msonkhano phwando nthawi zonse nzika. Apothecary chilumba linagwedezeka ndi mafunde amphamvu. Boma kwakukulu analowa phwando alendo pansi napemphera monyenga mawu a bomba ndi yakuwadzudzumisa. Zigawenga kuukira ndalama miyoyo ya anthu 24. Ambiri a iwo anali alendo amene anabwera Stolypin ndi pempho munthu. Komanso anapha Penza Bwanamkubwa Sergei Khvostov komanso wachiŵiri Peter Abramovich - Alexander Zamyatin. Pakuona nadzinenera kuti iye anatseka mtumiki kuchokera kuphulika lapansi.

Komanso, lowonongeka mwana Stolypin. Madokotala analimbikira kuti Natalie anayenera kudulapo mwendo. Atate adawawumiriza kusiya kaye ntchito. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye anatha kupulumutsa miyendo yake, koma mwana wake anakhalabe wolumala. Stolypin yekha sanali anavulala kuphulika kuti: sanali zikande. Mkuwa inkwell pa tebulo anali ukali anamenya pa khoma ndi splattered izo.

makhoti asilikali

Zimene kuukira anali amphamvu kwambiri. Patapita masiku ochepa boma analengeza kuti anayambitsa makhoti-karate mu dziko. Iwo anali ndi ufulu wokakamiza chilango cha imfa. Izi kwambiri ndi Haskalah ndi anthu magetsi.

Pa msonkhanowo, Cadet Duma Rodichev m'mawu ake anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "Stolypin tayi" (zophiphiritsa kwa zokoloweka kuzungulira). mawuwa wakhala mbiri (chifukwa cha mlili mabuku Soviet, amene Stolypin nkhanza ndipo akutchedwa wamagazi reactionary). Nduna anali pa msonkhano wotchuka mu mkwiyo anachititsa Rodicheva kuti duel chifukwa cha nkhanza mumamva. Kenako, kazembe anapepesa kwa mawu ake.

Asilikali munda mayesero akhala chinthu zotsutsa ndi nzeru za. Mwachitsanzo, werengani Leo Tolstoy chidwi ndi chisankho analemba nkhani wotchuka, "Sindingathe kukhala chete!" Amene mwankhanza anadzudzula boma. Posakhalitsa, pakati pa wolemba wotchuka Nduna anatenga makalata polemical, amene tsopano ali ankalamulira. Tolstoy inatheka ndi kanjedza ngati wotchuka ngati Alexander Blok, Leonid Andreev ndi Ilya Repin.

imfa

Kuukira amalandira mtumiki pachimake, anapitirizabe M'nkhani ya pachilumba cha Apothecary. Zigawenga anatsala Stolypin. Mbiri chithunzi cha munthu uyu anatuluka zambiri pambuyo pake, ndipo moyo wake iye zikuchititsa kuti mavuto onse m'dziko.

September 1, 1911 (Old kalendala), Kiev anali nawo chidwi wa dziko lonse. Pali anatsegula chipilala kuti Alexander II polemekeza chikumbutso 50 tili pa Kumasuka osauka a. mzindawo anatuluka Stolypin, komanso lonse m'banja lachifumu. alendo olemekezeka anapita ku Kiev Theatre, kumene sewerolo anaikidwa pa Pushkin a "The nthano za Tsar Saltan".

Zinthu zimenezi zimafuna miyeso wapadera chitetezo. Security dipatimenti, umene unali udindo wochita atatsala pang'ono izo anadziŵa kuti ena zigawenga akukonzekera kuukira wina pa banja lachifumu ndi nduna yaikulu. Izi anauzidwa ndi chinsinsi Informant wotchedwa Dmitry Bogrov, amene anali wothandizila awiri a misonkhano yapadera ndipo ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira.

Komabe, chitetezo anapanga kulakwitsa koopsya modalira mnyamatayu. Dropout wophunzira iye ankafuna kuchita kutali ndi Stolypin. Monga Informant, iye ali ndi chiphaso kwa kuonetsa. Mu thumba lake anali mfuti yodzaza. Panthaŵi yopuma ndi Bogrov anapita Petru Arkadevichu, amene panthawiyo analankhula ndi nduna ya pabwalo - Fredericks. Mnyamatayu zipolopolo ziwiri. Chipolopolo choyamba anagunda dzanja la Stolypin, wachiwiri kotheratu mtanda wa St. Vladimir pa chifuwa ndi ricocheted chiwindi. Anaukira yomweyo anagwira ndipo anaphedwa pamene mlanduwo.

Nduna yayikulu, magazi, mtanda pa mfumu, amene anali pafupi, anakhala pa mpando wake ndi mawu oti "osangalala kufa kwa Tsar" Kenako anatumizidwa ku chipatala. Pali anagona masiku atatu anafa mabala aakulu. Mbiri chithunzi cha Stolypin momveka bwino - anali wokonzanso kwakukulu ya boma. Ndi chifukwa cha intransigence ake ndi zochita mwadzidzidzi ayenera kuwomberedwa mu zigawenga zambiri, yomaliza ndi imene kunali kotheka kwa munthu.

Tanthauzo ziyenera ndipo

Nduna ya anayesetsa boma lachifumu. Ngakhale ubwenzi zovuta ndi Nicholas II iye wakhala okhulupirika kwa mfumu. kusintha wake anayamba bwanji pasanapite nthawi atamwalira. polimbana ndi zigawenga ndi boma chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa dziko. kusintha agrarian wathandiza anthu ambiri kupita kummawa ndi chiyani pali chuma mwini. Dziko mofulumira Polemeretsedwa ndipo mu 1913 anafika pachimake zachuma. Yopangidwa mafakitale ikupita patsogolo ulimi ndi entrepreneurship. Ngakhale ziyenera kumalo ozizira, m'madera ena a boma ndi Duma aphunzira kugwira ntchito ndi mzake.

Mmodzi wa anthu amene anachititsa kuti analidi Pyotr Stolypin. Mbiri chithunzi cha States anayamba kutuluka patapita nthawi yaitali. Only mu nthawi yathu ino, zinadziwika kuti zonse zimene wake akhala opindulitsa pa dziko.

Koma zimene nduna yaikulu ya dzikolo anali pachabe. Mu 1914, mliri wa First World nkhondo. Austria analimbana ndi Serbia, omwe Russia anali anagwirizana Relations. Popeza mudakhumudwapo kupha pakati pa adani awo ndi mphamvu kwambiri. N'zotheka kuti Stolypin akanati kusintha mfumu kupita ku nkhondo, koma iye anali salinso moyo. Yaitali kampeni ankapita wosakhutira chikhalidwe ndipo kenako zisinthe, omwe anawononga boma Tsarist. Mbiri chithunzi cha P. A. Stolypina monga womenya ndi ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira anali yodetsa kwa zaka zambiri. Boma Soviet waona mu kuyamba wachifumu wa mdani wake koipa.